PAM要求exec/shell_exec的密码，即使在/etc/sudoers中使用NOPASSWD也是如此

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[weasel@darwyn ~]$ uname -a
Linux darwyn 5.3.7-arch1-1-ARCH #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri Oct 18 00:17:03 UTC 2019 x86_64 GNU/Linux
nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
PHP 7.3.10 (cli) (built: Sep 26 2019 13:40:03) ( NTS )
Username:                           http
UID:                                33
Gecos field:
Home directory:                     /srv/http
Shell:                              /usr/bin/nologin
No login:                           yes
Primary group:                      http
GID:                                33
Hushed:                             no
Running processes:                  3
Last logs:
09:29 sudo[648]: pam_unix(sudo:auth): auth could not identify password for [http]
09:29 sudo[649]: pam_unix(sudo:account): account http has expired (account expired)
09:29 sudo[650]: pam_unix(sudo:account): account http has expired (account expired)

"sudo: a terminal is required to read the password; either use the -S option to read from standard input or configure an askpass helper"

root ALL=(ALL) ALL
weasel ALL=(ALL) ALL
http ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip, /usr/bin/iptables

root ALL=(ALL) ALL
weasel ALL=(ALL) ALL
## Uncomment to allow members of group wheel to execute any command
# %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
## Same thing without a password
# %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
## Uncomment to allow members of group sudo to execute any command
# %sudo ALL=(ALL) ALL
## Uncomment to allow any user to run sudo if they know the password
## of the user they are running the command as (root by default).
# Defaults targetpw  # Ask for the password of the target user
# ALL ALL=(ALL) ALL  # WARNING: only use this together with 'Defaults targetpw'
##  Relocated user http permissions for testing
http ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip, /usr/bin/iptables
## Read drop-in files from /etc/sudoers.d
## (the '#' here does not indicate a comment)
#includedir /etc/sudoers.d

http ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip, /usr/bin/iptables
http ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip, /usr/bin/iptables
http ALL=(http:http) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip, /usr/bin/iptables
http ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip *, /usr/bin/iptables *
http ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip *, /usr/bin/iptables *
http ALL=(http:http) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/blacklist_ip *, /usr/bin/iptables *
http ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/iptables -L
http ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/iptables -L
http ALL=(http:http) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/iptables -L

weasel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/iptables

"[sudo] password for http: "
"sudo: no password was provided"

exec("sudo blacklist_ip 185.189.12.135");
shell_exec("sudo blacklist_ip 185.189.12.135");
return:
"sudo: a terminal is required to read the password; either use the -S option to read from standard input or configure an askpass helper"
exec("blacklist_ip 185.189.12.135");
shell_exec("blacklist_ip 185.189.12.135");
exec("/usr/bin/iptables -A INPUT -s 185.189.12.135 -j DROP");
shell_exec("/usr/bin/iptables -A INPUT -s 185.189.12.135 -j DROP");
return:
"Fatal: can't open lock file /run/xtables.lock: Permission denied"
exec("sudo /usr/bin/iptables -A INPUT -s 185.189.12.135 -j DROP");
shell_exec("sudo /usr/bin/iptables -A INPUT -s 185.189.12.135 -j DROP");
return:
"sudo: Account expired or PAM config lacks an "account" section for sudo, contact your system administrator"

#%PAM-1.0
auth            include         system-auth
account         required        pam_unix.so
#account        include         system-auth
session         include         system-auth

[www]
user = http
group = http
listen = /run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock
listen.owner = http
listen.group = http
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
access.log = /var/log/php/$pool.access.log
access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"