Process Class (System.Diagnostics) | Microsoft Learn

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public ref class Process : System::ComponentModel::Component, IDisposable

public ref class Process : IDisposable

public ref class Process : System::ComponentModel::Component

public class Process : System.ComponentModel.Component, IDisposable

public class Process : IDisposable

public class Process : System.ComponentModel.Component

type Process = class
    inherit Component
    interface IDisposable

type Process = class
    interface IDisposable

type Process = class
    inherit Component

Public Class Process
Inherits Component
Implements IDisposable

Public Class Process
Implements IDisposable

Public Class Process
Inherits Component

Inheritance

Object

MarshalByRefObject

Component

Process

The following example uses an instance of the Process class to start a process.


   #using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
int main()
    Process^ myProcess = gcnew Process;
        myProcess->StartInfo->UseShellExecute = false;
        // You can start any process, HelloWorld is a do-nothing example.
        myProcess->StartInfo->FileName = "C:\\HelloWorld.exe";
        myProcess->StartInfo->CreateNoWindow = true;
        myProcess->Start();
        // This code assumes the process you are starting will terminate itself. 
        // Given that it is started without a window so you cannot terminate it 
        // on the desktop, it must terminate itself or you can do it programmatically
        // from this application using the Kill method.
    catch ( Exception^ e ) 
        Console::WriteLine( e->Message );
   
    using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.ComponentModel;
namespace MyProcessSample
    class MyProcess
        public static void Main()
                using (Process myProcess = new Process())
                    myProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
                    // You can start any process, HelloWorld is a do-nothing example.
                    myProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "C:\\HelloWorld.exe";
                    myProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
                    myProcess.Start();
                    // This code assumes the process you are starting will terminate itself.
                    // Given that it is started without a window so you cannot terminate it
                    // on the desktop, it must terminate itself or you can do it programmatically
                    // from this application using the Kill method.
            catch (Exception e)
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
    
     Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports System.ComponentModel
Namespace MyProcessSample
    Class MyProcess
        Public Shared Sub Main()
                Using myProcess As New Process()
                    myProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = False
                    ' You can start any process, HelloWorld is a do-nothing example.
                    myProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "C:\\HelloWorld.exe"
                    myProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = True
                    myProcess.Start()
                    ' This code assumes the process you are starting will terminate itself. 
                    ' Given that it is started without a window so you cannot terminate it 
                    ' on the desktop, it must terminate itself or you can do it programmatically
                    ' from this application using the Kill method.
                End Using
            Catch e As Exception
                Console.WriteLine((e.Message))
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace
     
      The following example uses the
      
       Process
      
      class itself and a static
      
       Start
      
      method to start a process.
     
     
      #using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
// Opens the Internet Explorer application.
void OpenApplication(String^ myFavoritesPath)
    // Start Internet Explorer. Defaults to the home page.
    Process::Start("IExplore.exe");
    // Display the contents of the favorites folder in the browser.
    Process::Start(myFavoritesPath);
// Opens urls and .html documents using Internet Explorer.
void OpenWithArguments()
    // URLs are not considered documents. They can only be opened
    // by passing them as arguments.
    Process::Start("IExplore.exe", "www.northwindtraders.com");
    // Start a Web page using a browser associated with .html and .asp files.
    Process::Start("IExplore.exe", "C:\\myPath\\myFile.htm");
    Process::Start("IExplore.exe", "C:\\myPath\\myFile.asp");
// Uses the ProcessStartInfo class to start new processes,
// both in a minimized mode.
void OpenWithStartInfo()
    ProcessStartInfo^ startInfo = gcnew ProcessStartInfo("IExplore.exe");
    startInfo->WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle::Minimized;
    Process::Start(startInfo);
    startInfo->Arguments = "www.northwindtraders.com";
    Process::Start(startInfo);
int main()
    // Get the path that stores favorite links.
    String^ myFavoritesPath = Environment::GetFolderPath(Environment::SpecialFolder::Favorites);
    OpenApplication(myFavoritesPath);
    OpenWithArguments();
    OpenWithStartInfo();
      
       using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.ComponentModel;
namespace MyProcessSample
    class MyProcess
        // Opens the Internet Explorer application.
        void OpenApplication(string myFavoritesPath)
            // Start Internet Explorer. Defaults to the home page.
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe");
            // Display the contents of the favorites folder in the browser.
            Process.Start(myFavoritesPath);
        // Opens urls and .html documents using Internet Explorer.
        void OpenWithArguments()
            // url's are not considered documents. They can only be opened
            // by passing them as arguments.
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe", "www.northwindtraders.com");
            // Start a Web page using a browser associated with .html and .asp files.
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe", "C:\\myPath\\myFile.htm");
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe", "C:\\myPath\\myFile.asp");
        // Uses the ProcessStartInfo class to start new processes,
        // both in a minimized mode.
        void OpenWithStartInfo()
            ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("IExplore.exe");
            startInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Minimized;
            Process.Start(startInfo);
            startInfo.Arguments = "www.northwindtraders.com";
            Process.Start(startInfo);
        static void Main()
            // Get the path that stores favorite links.
            string myFavoritesPath =
                Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Favorites);
            MyProcess myProcess = new MyProcess();
            myProcess.OpenApplication(myFavoritesPath);
            myProcess.OpenWithArguments();
            myProcess.OpenWithStartInfo();
       
        Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports System.ComponentModel
Namespace MyProcessSample
    Class MyProcess
        ' Opens the Internet Explorer application.
        Public Sub OpenApplication(myFavoritesPath As String)
            ' Start Internet Explorer. Defaults to the home page.
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe")
            ' Display the contents of the favorites folder in the browser.
            Process.Start(myFavoritesPath)
        End Sub
        ' Opens URLs and .html documents using Internet Explorer.
        Sub OpenWithArguments()
            ' URLs are not considered documents. They can only be opened
            ' by passing them as arguments.
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe", "www.northwindtraders.com")
            ' Start a Web page using a browser associated with .html and .asp files.
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe", "C:\myPath\myFile.htm")
            Process.Start("IExplore.exe", "C:\myPath\myFile.asp")
        End Sub
        ' Uses the ProcessStartInfo class to start new processes,
        ' both in a minimized mode.
        Sub OpenWithStartInfo()
            Dim startInfo As New ProcessStartInfo("IExplore.exe")
            startInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Minimized
            Process.Start(startInfo)
            startInfo.Arguments = "www.northwindtraders.com"
            Process.Start(startInfo)
        End Sub
        Shared Sub Main()
            ' Get the path that stores favorite links.
            Dim myFavoritesPath As String = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Favorites)
            Dim myProcess As New MyProcess()
            myProcess.OpenApplication(myFavoritesPath)
            myProcess.OpenWithArguments()
            myProcess.OpenWithStartInfo()
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace 'MyProcessSample
        
         The following F# example defines a
         
          runProc
         
         function that starts a process, captures all output and error information, and records the number of milliseconds that the process has run.  The
         
          runProc
         
         function has three parameters: the name of application to launch, the arguments to supply to the application, and the starting directory.
        
        
         open System
open System.Diagnostics
let runProc filename args startDir : seq<string> * seq<string> = 
    let timer = Stopwatch.StartNew()
    let procStartInfo = 
        ProcessStartInfo(
            RedirectStandardOutput = true,
            RedirectStandardError = true,
            UseShellExecute = false,
            FileName = filename,
            Arguments = args
    match startDir with | Some d -> procStartInfo.WorkingDirectory <- d | _ -> ()
    let outputs = System.Collections.Generic.List<string>()
    let errors = System.Collections.Generic.List<string>()
    let outputHandler f (_sender:obj) (args:DataReceivedEventArgs) = f args.Data
    use p = new Process(StartInfo = procStartInfo)
    p.OutputDataReceived.AddHandler(DataReceivedEventHandler (outputHandler outputs.Add))
    p.ErrorDataReceived.AddHandler(DataReceivedEventHandler (outputHandler errors.Add))
    let started = 
            p.Start()
        with | ex ->
            ex.Data.Add("filename", filename)
            reraise()
    if not started then
        failwithf "Failed to start process %s" filename
    printfn "Started %s with pid %i" p.ProcessName p.Id
    p.BeginOutputReadLine()
    p.BeginErrorReadLine()
    p.WaitForExit()
    timer.Stop()
    printfn "Finished %s after %A milliseconds" filename timer.ElapsedMilliseconds
    let cleanOut l = l |> Seq.filter (fun o -> String.IsNullOrEmpty o |> not)
    cleanOut outputs,cleanOut errors
         
          The code for the
          
           runProc
          
          function was written by
          
           ImaginaryDevelopment
          
          and is available under the
          
           Microsoft Public License
          
          .
         
         
          Remarks
         
         
          A
          
           Process
          
          component provides access to a process that is running on a computer. A process, in the simplest terms, is a running app. A thread is the basic unit to which the operating system allocates processor time. A thread can execute any part of the code of the process, including parts currently being executed by another thread.
         
         
          The
          
           Process
          
          component is a useful tool for starting, stopping, controlling, and monitoring apps. You can use the
          
           Process
          
          component, to obtain a list of the processes that are running, or you can start a new process. A
          
           Process
          
          component is used to access system processes. After a
          
           Process
          
          component has been initialized, it can be used to obtain information about the running process. Such information includes the set of threads, the loaded modules (.dll and .exe files), and performance information such as the amount of memory the process is using.
         
         
          This type implements the
          
           IDisposable
          
          interface. When you have finished using the type, you should dispose of it either directly or indirectly. To dispose of the type directly, call its
          
           Dispose
          
          method in a
          
           try
          
          /
          
           finally
          
          block. To dispose of it indirectly, use a language construct such as
          
           using
          
          (in C#) or
          
           Using
          
          (in Visual Basic). For more information, see the "Using an Object that Implements IDisposable" section in the
          
           IDisposable
          
          interface documentation.
         
         
          Important
         
         
          Calling methods from this class with untrusted data is a security risk. Call the methods from this class only with trusted data. For more information, see
          
           Validate All Inputs
          
          .
         
         
          32-bit processes cannot access the modules of a 64-bit process. If you try to get information about a 64-bit process from a 32-bit process, you will get a
          
           Win32Exception
          
          exception. A 64-bit process, on the other hand, can access the modules of a 32-bit process.
         
         
          The process component obtains information about a group of properties all at once. After the
          
           Process
          
          component has obtained information about one member of any group, it will cache the values for the other properties in that group and not obtain new information about the other members of the group until you call the
          
           Refresh
          
          method. Therefore, a property value is not guaranteed to be any newer than the last call to the
          
           Refresh
          
          method. The group breakdowns are operating-system dependent.
         
         
          If you have a path variable declared in your system using quotes, you must fully qualify that path when starting any process found in that location. Otherwise, the system will not find the path. For example, if
          
           c:\mypath
          
          is not in your path, and you add it using quotation marks:
          
           path = %path%;"c:\mypath"
          
          , you must fully qualify any process in
          
           c:\mypath
          
          when starting it.
         
         
          A system process is uniquely identified on the system by its process identifier. Like many Windows resources, a process is also identified by its handle, which might not be unique on the computer. A handle is the generic term for an identifier of a resource. The operating system persists the process handle, which is accessed through the
          
           Handle
          
          property of the
          
           Process
          
          component, even when the process has exited. Thus, you can get the process's administrative information, such as the
          
           ExitCode
          
          (usually either zero for success or a nonzero error code) and the
          
           ExitTime
          
          . Handles are an extremely valuable resource, so leaking handles is more virulent than leaking memory.
         
         
          This class contains a link demand and an inheritance demand at the class level that applies to all members. A
          
           SecurityException
          
          is thrown when either the immediate caller or the derived class does not have full-trust permission. For details about security demands, see
          
           Link Demands
          
          .
         
         
          .NET Core Notes
         
         
          In .NET Framework, the
          
           Process
          
          class by default uses
          
           Console
          
          encodings, which are typically code page encodings, for the input, output, and error streams. For example code, on systems whose culture is English (United States), code page 437 is the default encoding for the
          
           Console
          
          class. However, .NET Core may make only a limited subset of these encodings available. If this is the case, it uses
          
           Encoding.UTF8
          
          as the default encoding.
         
         
          If a
          
           Process
          
          object depends on specific code page encodings, you can still make them available by doing the following
          
           before
          
          you call any
          
           Process
          
          methods:
         
         
          
           Retrieve the
           
            EncodingProvider
           
           object from the
           
            CodePagesEncodingProvider.Instance
           
           property.
          
         
         
          
           Pass the
           
            EncodingProvider
           
           object to the
           
            Encoding.RegisterProvider
           
           method to make the additional encodings supported by the encoding provider available.
          
          
           The
           
            Process
           
           class will then automatically use the default system encoding rather than UTF8, provided that you have registered the encoding provider before calling any
           
            Process
           
           methods.
          
          
           Creates an object that contains all the relevant information required to generate a proxy used to communicate with a remote object.
          
          (Inherited from
          
           MarshalByRefObject
          
          )
          
           Obsolete.
          
          
           Retrieves the current lifetime service object that controls the lifetime policy for this instance.
          
          (Inherited from
          
           MarshalByRefObject
          
          )
          
           Returns an object that represents a service provided by the
           
            Component
           
           or by its
           
            Container
           
           .
          
          (Inherited from
          
           Component
          
          )
          
           Obsolete.
          
          
           Obtains a lifetime service object to control the lifetime policy for this instance.
          
          (Inherited from
          
           MarshalByRefObject
          
          )
          
           Causes the
           
            Process
           
           component to wait the specified
           
            timeout
           
           for the associated process to enter an idle state.
This overload applies only to processes with a user interface and, therefore, a message loop.