OVER Clause (Transact-SQL) - SQL Server

Syntax

-- Syntax for SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, and Azure Synapse Analytics  
OVER (   
       [ <PARTITION BY clause> ]  
       [ <ORDER BY clause> ]   
       [ <ROW or RANGE clause> ]  
<PARTITION BY clause> ::=  
PARTITION BY value_expression , ... [ n ]  
<ORDER BY clause> ::=  
ORDER BY order_by_expression  
    [ COLLATE collation_name ]   
    [ ASC | DESC ]   
    [ ,...n ]  
<ROW or RANGE clause> ::=  
{ ROWS | RANGE } <window frame extent>  
<window frame extent> ::=   
{   <window frame preceding>  
  | <window frame between>  
<window frame between> ::=   
  BETWEEN <window frame bound> AND <window frame bound>  
<window frame bound> ::=   
{   <window frame preceding>  
  | <window frame following>  
<window frame preceding> ::=   
    UNBOUNDED PRECEDING  
  | <unsigned_value_specification> PRECEDING  
  | CURRENT ROW  
<window frame following> ::=   
    UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING  
  | <unsigned_value_specification> FOLLOWING  
  | CURRENT ROW  
<unsigned value specification> ::=   
{  <unsigned integer literal> }  
-- Syntax for Parallel Data Warehouse  
OVER ( [ PARTITION BY value_expression ] [ order_by_clause ] )  
To view Transact-SQL syntax for SQL Server 2014 (12.x) and earlier versions, see Previous versions documentation.
Arguments
Window functions might have the following arguments in their OVER clause:
PARTITION BY that divides the query result set into partitions.
ORDER BY that defines the logical order of the rows within each partition of the result set.
ROWS/RANGE that limits the rows within the partition by specifying start and end points within the partition. It requires ORDER BY argument and the default value is from the start of partition to the current element if the ORDER BY argument is specified.
If you don't specify any argument, the window functions will be applied on the entire result set.
select 
      object_id
    , [min]    = min(object_id) over()
    , [max]    = max(object_id) over()
from sys.objects
PARTITION BY
Divides the query result set into partitions. The window function is applied to each partition separately and computation restarts for each partition.
PARTITION BY *value_expression* 
If PARTITION BY is not specified, the function treats all rows of the query result set as a single partition.
Function will be applied on all rows in the partition if you don't specify ORDER BY clause.
PARTITION BY value_expression
Specifies the column by which the rowset is partitioned. value_expression can only refer to columns made available by the FROM clause. value_expression cannot refer to expressions or aliases in the select list. value_expression can be a column expression, scalar subquery, scalar function, or user-defined variable.
select 
     object_id, type
   , [min]    = min(object_id) over(partition by type)
   , [max]    = max(object_id) over(partition by type)
from sys.objects
ORDER BY *order_by_expression* [COLLATE *collation_name*] [ASC|DESC]  
Defines the logical order of the rows within each partition of the result set. That is, it specifies the logical order in which the window function calculation is performed.
If it is not specified, the default order is ASC and window function will use all rows in partition.
If it is specified, and a ROWS/RANGE is not specified, then default RANGE UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW is used as default for window frame by the functions that can accept optional ROWS/RANGE specification (for example min or max).
select 
      object_id, type
    , [min]    = min(object_id) over(partition by type order by object_id)
    , [max]    = max(object_id) over(partition by type order by object_id)
from sys.objects
order_by_expression

Specifies a column or expression on which to sort. order_by_expression can only refer to columns made available by the FROM clause. An integer cannot be specified to represent a column name or alias.
COLLATE collation_name

Specifies that the ORDER BY operation should be performed according to the collation specified in collation_name. collation_name can be either a Windows collation name or a SQL collation name. For more information, see Collation and Unicode Support. COLLATE is applicable only for columns of type char, varchar, nchar, and nvarchar.
ASC | DESC

Specifies that the values in the specified column should be sorted in ascending or descending order. ASC is the default sort order. Null values are treated as the lowest possible values.
ROWS or RANGE
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
Further limits the rows within the partition by specifying start and end points within the partition. This is done by specifying a range of rows with respect to the current row either by logical association or physical association. Physical association is achieved by using the ROWS clause.
The ROWS clause limits the rows within a partition by specifying a fixed number of rows preceding or following the current row. Alternatively, the RANGE clause logically limits the rows within a partition by specifying a range of values with respect to the value in the current row. Preceding and following rows are defined based on the ordering in the ORDER BY clause. The window frame "RANGE ... CURRENT ROW ..." includes all rows that have the same values in the ORDER BY expression as the current row. For example, ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW means that the window of rows that the function operates on is three rows in size, starting with 2 rows preceding until and including the current row.
select
      object_id
    , [preceding]    = count(*) over(order by object_id ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW )
    , [central]    = count(*) over(order by object_id ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING )
    , [following]    = count(*) over(order by object_id ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING)
from sys.objects
order by object_id asc
ROWS or RANGE requires that the ORDER BY clause be specified. If ORDER BY contains multiple order expressions, CURRENT ROW FOR RANGE considers all columns in the ORDER BY list when determining the current row.
UNBOUNDED PRECEDING
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
Specifies that the window starts at the first row of the partition. UNBOUNDED PRECEDING can only be specified as window starting point.
<unsigned value specification> PRECEDING

Specified with <unsigned value specification>to indicate the number of rows or values to precede the current row. This specification is not allowed for RANGE.
CURRENT ROW
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
Specifies that the window starts or ends at the current row when used with ROWS or the current value when used with RANGE. CURRENT ROW can be specified as both a starting and ending point.
BETWEEN AND
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
BETWEEN <window frame bound > AND <window frame bound >  
Used with either ROWS or RANGE to specify the lower (starting) and upper (ending) boundary points of the window. <window frame bound> defines the boundary starting point and <window frame bound> defines the boundary end point. The upper bound cannot be smaller than the lower bound.
UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
Specifies that the window ends at the last row of the partition. UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING can only be specified as a window end point. For example RANGE BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING defines a window that starts with the current row and ends with the last row of the partition.
<unsigned value specification> FOLLOWING

Specified with <unsigned value specification> to indicate the number of rows or values to follow the current row. When <unsigned value specification> FOLLOWING is specified as the window starting point, the ending point must be <unsigned value specification>FOLLOWING. For example, ROWS BETWEEN 2 FOLLOWING AND 10 FOLLOWING defines a window that starts with the second row that follows the current row and ends with the tenth row that follows the current row. This specification is not allowed for RANGE.
unsigned integer literal

Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
Is a positive integer literal (including 0) that specifies the number of rows or values to precede or follow the current row or value. This specification is valid only for ROWS.
Remarks
More than one window function can be used in a single query with a single FROM clause. The OVER clause for each function can differ in partitioning and ordering.
If PARTITION BY is not specified, the function treats all rows of the query result set as a single group.
Important
If ROWS/RANGE is specified and <window frame preceding> is used for <window frame extent> (short syntax) then this specification is used for the window frame boundary starting point and CURRENT ROW is used for the boundary ending point. For example "ROWS 5 PRECEDING" is equal to "ROWS BETWEEN 5 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW".
If ORDER BY is not specified entire partition is used for a window frame. This applies only to functions that do not require ORDER BY clause. If ROWS/RANGE is not specified but ORDER BY is specified, RANGE UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW is used as default for window frame. This applies only to functions that have can accept optional ROWS/RANGE specification. For example, ranking functions cannot accept ROWS/RANGE, therefore this window frame is not applied even though ORDER BY is present and ROWS/RANGE is not.
Limitations and Restrictions
The OVER clause cannot be used with the DISTINCT aggregations.
RANGE cannot be used with <unsigned value specification> PRECEDING or <unsigned value specification> FOLLOWING.
Depending on the  ranking, aggregate, or analytic function used with the OVER clause, <ORDER BY clause> and/or the <ROWS and RANGE clause> may not be supported.
Examples
A. Using the OVER clause with the ROW_NUMBER function
The following example shows using the OVER clause with ROW_NUMBER function to display a row number for each row within a partition. The ORDER BY clause specified in the OVER clause orders the rows in each partition by the column SalesYTD. The ORDER BY clause in the SELECT statement determines the order in which the entire query result set is returned.
USE AdventureWorks2022;  
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY PostalCode ORDER BY SalesYTD DESC) AS "Row Number",   
    p.LastName, s.SalesYTD, a.PostalCode  
FROM Sales.SalesPerson AS s   
    INNER JOIN Person.Person AS p   
        ON s.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID  
    INNER JOIN Person.Address AS a   
        ON a.AddressID = p.BusinessEntityID  
WHERE TerritoryID IS NOT NULL   
    AND SalesYTD <> 0  
ORDER BY PostalCode;  
Here is the result set.
Row Number      LastName                SalesYTD              PostalCode 
--------------- ----------------------- --------------------- ---------- 
1               Mitchell                4251368.5497          98027 
2               Blythe                  3763178.1787          98027 
3               Carson                  3189418.3662          98027 
4               Reiter                  2315185.611           98027 
5               Vargas                  1453719.4653          98027  
6               Ansman-Wolfe            1352577.1325          98027  
1               Pak                     4116871.2277          98055  
2               Varkey Chudukatil       3121616.3202          98055  
3               Saraiva                 2604540.7172          98055  
4               Ito                     2458535.6169          98055  
5               Valdez                  1827066.7118          98055  
6               Mensa-Annan             1576562.1966          98055  
7               Campbell                1573012.9383          98055  
8               Tsoflias                1421810.9242          98055
B. Using the OVER clause with aggregate functions
The following example uses the OVER clause with aggregate functions over all rows returned by the query. In this example, using the OVER clause is more efficient than using subqueries to derive the aggregate values.
USE AdventureWorks2022;  
SELECT SalesOrderID, ProductID, OrderQty  
    ,SUM(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS Total  
    ,AVG(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS "Avg"  
    ,COUNT(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS "Count"  
    ,MIN(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS "Min"  
    ,MAX(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS "Max"  
FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail   
WHERE SalesOrderID IN(43659,43664);  
Here is the result set.
SalesOrderID ProductID   OrderQty Total       Avg         Count       Min    Max  
------------ ----------- -------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------ ------  
43659        776         1        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        777         3        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        778         1        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        771         1        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        772         1        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        773         2        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        774         1        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        714         3        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        716         1        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        709         6        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        712         2        26          2           12          1      6  
43659        711         4        26          2           12          1      6  
43664        772         1        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        775         4        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        714         1        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        716         1        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        777         2        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        771         3        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        773         1        14          1           8           1      4  
43664        778         1        14          1           8           1      4  
The following example shows using the OVER clause with an aggregate function in a calculated value.
USE AdventureWorks2022;  
SELECT SalesOrderID, ProductID, OrderQty  
    ,SUM(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS Total  
    ,CAST(1. * OrderQty / SUM(OrderQty) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID)   
        *100 AS DECIMAL(5,2))AS "Percent by ProductID"  
FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail   
WHERE SalesOrderID IN(43659,43664);  
Here is the result set. Notice that the aggregates are calculated by SalesOrderID and the Percent by ProductID is calculated for each line of each SalesOrderID.
SalesOrderID ProductID   OrderQty Total       Percent by ProductID  
------------ ----------- -------- ----------- ---------------------------------------  
43659        776         1        26          3.85  
43659        777         3        26          11.54  
43659        778         1        26          3.85  
43659        771         1        26          3.85  
43659        772         1        26          3.85  
43659        773         2        26          7.69  
43659        774         1        26          3.85  
43659        714         3        26          11.54  
43659        716         1        26          3.85  
43659        709         6        26          23.08  
43659        712         2        26          7.69  
43659        711         4        26          15.38  
43664        772         1        14          7.14  
43664        775         4        14          28.57  
43664        714         1        14          7.14  
43664        716         1        14          7.14  
43664        777         2        14          14.29  
43664        771         3        14          21.4  
43664        773         1        14          7.14  
43664        778         1        14          7.14  
 (20 row(s) affected)  
C. Producing a moving average and cumulative total
The following example uses the AVG and SUM functions with the OVER clause to provide a moving average and cumulative total of yearly sales for each territory in the Sales.SalesPerson table. The data is partitioned by TerritoryID and logically ordered by SalesYTD. This means that the AVG function is computed for each territory based on the sales year. Notice that for TerritoryID 1, there are two rows for sales year 2005 representing the two sales people with sales that year. The average sales for these two rows is computed and then the third row representing sales for the year 2006 is included in the computation.
USE AdventureWorks2022;  
SELECT BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID   
   ,DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate) AS SalesYear  
   ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SalesYTD,1) AS  SalesYTD  
   ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),AVG(SalesYTD) OVER (PARTITION BY TerritoryID   
                                            ORDER BY DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate)   
                                           ),1) AS MovingAvg  
   ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SUM(SalesYTD) OVER (PARTITION BY TerritoryID   
                                            ORDER BY DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate)   
                                            ),1) AS CumulativeTotal  
FROM Sales.SalesPerson  
WHERE TerritoryID IS NULL OR TerritoryID < 5  
ORDER BY TerritoryID,SalesYear;  
Here is the result set.
BusinessEntityID TerritoryID SalesYear   SalesYTD             MovingAvg            CumulativeTotal  
---------------- ----------- ----------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------  
274              NULL        2005        559,697.56           559,697.56           559,697.56  
287              NULL        2006        519,905.93           539,801.75           1,079,603.50  
285              NULL        2007        172,524.45           417,375.98           1,252,127.95  
283              1           2005        1,573,012.94         1,462,795.04         2,925,590.07  
280              1           2005        1,352,577.13         1,462,795.04         2,925,590.07  
284              1           2006        1,576,562.20         1,500,717.42         4,502,152.27  
275              2           2005        3,763,178.18         3,763,178.18         3,763,178.18  
277              3           2005        3,189,418.37         3,189,418.37         3,189,418.37  
276              4           2005        4,251,368.55         3,354,952.08         6,709,904.17  
281              4           2005        2,458,535.62         3,354,952.08         6,709,904.17  
(10 row(s) affected)  
In this example, the OVER clause does not include PARTITION BY. This means that the function will be applied to all rows returned by the query. The ORDER BY clause specified in the OVER clause determines the logical order to which the AVG function is applied. The query returns a moving average of sales by year for all sales territories specified in the WHERE clause. The ORDER BY clause specified in the SELECT statement determines the order in which the rows of the query are displayed.
SELECT BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID   
   ,DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate) AS SalesYear  
   ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SalesYTD,1) AS SalesYTD  
   ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),AVG(SalesYTD) OVER (ORDER BY DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate)   
                                            ),1) AS MovingAvg  
   ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SUM(SalesYTD) OVER (ORDER BY DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate)   
                                            ),1) AS CumulativeTotal  
FROM Sales.SalesPerson  
WHERE TerritoryID IS NULL OR TerritoryID < 5  
ORDER BY SalesYear;  
Here is the result set.
BusinessEntityID TerritoryID SalesYear   SalesYTD             MovingAvg            CumulativeTotal  
---------------- ----------- ----------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------  
274              NULL        2005        559,697.56           2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
275              2           2005        3,763,178.18         2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
276              4           2005        4,251,368.55         2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
277              3           2005        3,189,418.37         2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
280              1           2005        1,352,577.13         2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
281              4           2005        2,458,535.62         2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
283              1           2005        1,573,012.94         2,449,684.05         17,147,788.35  
284              1           2006        1,576,562.20         2,138,250.72         19,244,256.47  
287              NULL        2006        519,905.93           2,138,250.72         19,244,256.47  
285              NULL        2007        172,524.45           1,941,678.09         19,416,780.93  
(10 row(s) affected)  
D. Specifying the ROWS clause
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.
The following example uses the ROWS clause to define a window over which the rows are computed as the current row and the N number of rows that follow (1 row in this example).
SELECT BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID   
    ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SalesYTD,1) AS SalesYTD  
    ,DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate) AS SalesYear  
    ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SUM(SalesYTD) OVER (PARTITION BY TerritoryID   
                                             ORDER BY DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate)   
                                             ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND 1 FOLLOWING ),1) AS CumulativeTotal  
FROM Sales.SalesPerson  
WHERE TerritoryID IS NULL OR TerritoryID < 5;  
Here is the result set.
BusinessEntityID TerritoryID SalesYTD             SalesYear   CumulativeTotal  
---------------- ----------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------  
274              NULL        559,697.56           2005        1,079,603.50  
287              NULL        519,905.93           2006        692,430.38  
285              NULL        172,524.45           2007        172,524.45  
283              1           1,573,012.94         2005        2,925,590.07  
280              1           1,352,577.13         2005        2,929,139.33  
284              1           1,576,562.20         2006        1,576,562.20  
275              2           3,763,178.18         2005        3,763,178.18  
277              3           3,189,418.37         2005        3,189,418.37  
276              4           4,251,368.55         2005        6,709,904.17  
281              4           2,458,535.62         2005        2,458,535.62  
In the following example, the ROWS clause is specified with UNBOUNDED PRECEDING. The result is that the window starts at the first row of the partition.
SELECT BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID   
    ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SalesYTD,1) AS SalesYTD  
    ,DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate) AS SalesYear  
    ,CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),SUM(SalesYTD) OVER (PARTITION BY TerritoryID   
                                             ORDER BY DATEPART(yy,ModifiedDate)   
                                             ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING),1) AS CumulativeTotal  
FROM Sales.SalesPerson  
WHERE TerritoryID IS NULL OR TerritoryID < 5;  
Here is the result set.
BusinessEntityID TerritoryID SalesYTD             SalesYear   CumulativeTotal  
---------------- ----------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------  
274              NULL        559,697.56           2005        559,697.56  
287              NULL        519,905.93           2006        1,079,603.50  
285              NULL        172,524.45           2007        1,252,127.95  
283              1           1,573,012.94         2005        1,573,012.94  
280              1           1,352,577.13         2005        2,925,590.07  
284              1           1,576,562.20         2006        4,502,152.27  
275              2           3,763,178.18         2005        3,763,178.18  
277              3           3,189,418.37         2005        3,189,418.37  
276              4           4,251,368.55         2005        4,251,368.55  
281              4           2,458,535.62         2005        6,709,904.17  
Examples: Analytics Platform System (PDW)
E. Using the OVER clause with the ROW_NUMBER function
The following example returns the ROW_NUMBER for sales representatives based on their assigned sales quota.
-- Uses AdventureWorks  
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY SUM(SalesAmountQuota) DESC) AS RowNumber,  
    FirstName, LastName,   
CONVERT(VARCHAR(13), SUM(SalesAmountQuota),1) AS SalesQuota   
FROM dbo.DimEmployee AS e  
INNER JOIN dbo.FactSalesQuota AS sq  
    ON e.EmployeeKey = sq.EmployeeKey  
WHERE e.SalesPersonFlag = 1  
GROUP BY LastName, FirstName;  
Here is a partial result set.
RowNumber  FirstName  LastName            SalesQuota  
---------  ---------  ------------------  -------------  
1          Jillian    Carson              12,198,000.00  
2          Linda      Mitchell            11,786,000.00  
3          Michael    Blythe              11,162,000.00  
4          Jae        Pak                 10,514,000.00  
F. Using the OVER clause with aggregate functions
The following examples show using the OVER clause with aggregate functions. In this example, using the OVER clause is more efficient than using subqueries.
-- Uses AdventureWorks  
SELECT SalesOrderNumber AS OrderNumber, ProductKey,   
       OrderQuantity AS Qty,   
       SUM(OrderQuantity) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber) AS Total,  
       AVG(OrderQuantity) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber) AS Avg,  
       COUNT(OrderQuantity) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber) AS Count,  
       MIN(OrderQuantity) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber) AS Min,  
       MAX(OrderQuantity) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber) AS Max  
FROM dbo.FactResellerSales   
WHERE SalesOrderNumber IN(N'SO43659',N'SO43664') AND  
      ProductKey LIKE '2%'  
ORDER BY SalesOrderNumber,ProductKey;  
Here is the result set.
OrderNumber  Product  Qty  Total  Avg  Count  Min  Max  
-----------  -------  ---  -----  ---  -----  ---  ---  
SO43659      218      6    16     3    5      1    6  
SO43659      220      4    16     3    5      1    6  
SO43659      223      2    16     3    5      1    6  
SO43659      229      3    16     3    5      1    6  
SO43659      235      1    16     3    5      1    6  
SO43664      229      1     2     1    2      1    1  
SO43664      235      1     2     1    2      1    1  
The following example shows using the OVER clause with an aggregate function in a calculated value. Notice that the aggregates are calculated by SalesOrderNumber and the percentage of the total sales order is calculated for each line of each SalesOrderNumber.
-- Uses AdventureWorksDW2022
SELECT SalesOrderNumber AS OrderNumber, ProductKey AS Product,   
       OrderQuantity AS Qty,   
       SUM(OrderQuantity) OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber) AS Total,  
       CAST(1. * OrderQuantity / SUM(OrderQuantity)   
        OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderNumber)   
            *100 AS DECIMAL(5,2)) AS PctByProduct  
FROM dbo.FactResellerSales   
WHERE SalesOrderNumber IN(N'SO43659',N'SO43664') AND  
      ProductKey LIKE '2%'  
ORDER BY SalesOrderNumber,ProductKey;  
The first start of this result set is:
OrderNumber  Product  Qty  Total  PctByProduct  
-----------  -------  ---  -----  ------------  
SO43659      218      6    16     37.50  
SO43659      220      4    16     25.00  
SO43659      223      2    16     12.50  
SO43659      229      2    16     18.75  
See Also
Aggregate Functions (Transact-SQL)

Analytic Functions (Transact-SQL)

Excellent blog post about window functions and OVER, on sqlmag.com, by Itzik Ben-Gan
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