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Consuming a SOAP web service

This guide walks you through the process of consuming a SOAP-based web service with Spring.

What You Will Build

You will build a client that fetches country data from a remote, WSDL-based web service by using SOAP . You can find out more about the country service and run the service yourself by following this guide .

The service provides country data. You will be able to query data about a country based on its name.

  • Java 1.8 or later

  • Gradle 7.5+ or Maven 3.5+

  • You can also import the code straight into your IDE:

  • Spring Tool Suite (STS)

  • IntelliJ IDEA

  • VSCode

  • Like most Spring Getting Started guides , you can start from scratch and complete each step or you can bypass basic setup steps that are already familiar to you. Either way, you end up with working code.

    To start from scratch , move on to Starting with Spring Initializr .

    To skip the basics , do the following:

  • Download and unzip the source repository for this guide, or clone it using Git : git clone https://github.com/spring-guides/gs-consuming-web-service.git

  • cd into gs-consuming-web-service/initial

  • Jump ahead to Generate Domain Objects Based on a WSDL .

  • When you finish , you can check your results against the code in gs-consuming-web-service/complete .

    Follow the steps in the companion guide or clone the repository and run the service (for example, by using mvn spring-boot:run ) from its complete directory. You can verify that it works by visiting http://localhost:8080/ws/countries.wsdl in your browser. If you don’t do this you will see a confusing exception in your build later from the JAXB tooling.

    For all Spring applications, you should start with the Spring Initializr . The Initializr offers a fast way to pull in all the dependencies you need for an application and does a lot of the setup for you. This example needs only the Spring Web Services dependency.

    To initialize the project:

  • Navigate to https://start.spring.io . This service pulls in all the dependencies you need for an application and does most of the setup for you.

  • Choose either Gradle or Maven and the language you want to use. This guide assumes that you chose Java.

  • Click Dependencies and select Spring Web Services .

  • Click Generate .

  • Download the resulting ZIP file, which is an archive of a web application that is configured with your choices.

  • The build files created by the Spring Initializr need quite a bit of work for this guide. Also, the modifications to pom.xml (for Maven) and build.gradle (for Gradle) differ substantially.

    Maven

    For Maven, you need to add a dependency, a profile, and a WSDL generation plugin.

    The following listing shows the dependency you need to add in Maven:

    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
    	<exclusions>
    		<exclusion>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
    		</exclusion>
    	</exclusions>
    </dependency>

    The Generate Domain Objects Based on a WSDL section describes the WSDL generation plugin.

    The following listing shows the final pom.xml file:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.7.1</version>
    		<!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    		<relativePath/>
    	</parent>
    	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
    	<artifactId>consuming-web-service-complete</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<name>consuming-web-service-complete</name>
    	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    	<properties>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<!-- tag::dependency[] -->
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
    			<exclusions>
    				<exclusion>
    					<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    					<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
    				</exclusion>
    			</exclusions>
    		</dependency>
    		<!-- end::dependency[] -->
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    	<!-- tag::profile[] -->
    	<profiles>
    		<profile>
    			<id>java11</id>
    			<activation>
    				<jdk>[11,)</jdk>
    			</activation>
    			<dependencies>
    				<dependency>
    					<groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
    					<artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
    				</dependency>
    			</dependencies>
    		</profile>
    	</profiles>
    	<!-- end::profile[] -->
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    			<!-- tag::wsdl[] -->
    			<plugin>
    					<groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2.maven2</groupId>
    					<artifactId>maven-jaxb2-plugin</artifactId>
    					<version>0.14.0</version>
    					<executions>
    						<execution>
    							<goals>
    								<goal>generate</goal>
    							</goals>
    						</execution>
    					</executions>
    					<configuration>
    						<schemaLanguage>WSDL</schemaLanguage>
    						<generatePackage>com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl</generatePackage>
    						<schemas>
    							<schema>
    								<url>http://localhost:8080/ws/countries.wsdl</url>
    							</schema>
    						</schemas>
    					</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    			<!-- end::wsdl[] -->
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

    Gradle

    For Gradle, you need to add a dependency, a configuration, a bootJar section, and a WSDL generation plugin.

    The following listing shows the dependency you need to add in Gradle:

    implementation ('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web-services') {
    	exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-tomcat'
    implementation 'org.springframework.ws:spring-ws-core'
    // For Java 11:
    implementation 'org.glassfish.jaxb:jaxb-runtime'
    implementation(files(genJaxb.classesDir).builtBy(genJaxb))
    jaxb "com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:2.1.7"

    Note the exclusion of Tomcat. If Tomcat is allowed to run in this build, you get a port collision with the Tomcat instance that provides the country data.

    The following listing shows the bootJar section you need to add in Gradle:

    The Generate Domain Objects Based on a WSDL section describes the WSDL generation plugin.

    The following listing shows the final build.gradle file:

    plugins {
    	id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.7.1'
    	id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.11.RELEASE'
    	id 'java'
    group = 'com.example'
    version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
    sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
    // tag::configurations[]
    configurations {
    // end::configurations[]
    repositories {
    	mavenCentral()
    // tag::wsdl[]
    task genJaxb {
    	ext.sourcesDir = "${buildDir}/generated-sources/jaxb"
    	ext.classesDir = "${buildDir}/classes/jaxb"
    	ext.schema = "http://localhost:8080/ws/countries.wsdl"
    	outputs.dir classesDir
    	doLast() {
    		project.ant {
    			taskdef name: "xjc", classname: "com.sun.tools.xjc.XJCTask",
    					classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath
    			mkdir(dir: sourcesDir)
    			mkdir(dir: classesDir)
    				xjc(destdir: sourcesDir, schema: schema,
    						package: "com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl") {
    						arg(value: "-wsdl")
    					produces(dir: sourcesDir, includes: "**/*.java")
    				javac(destdir: classesDir, source: 1.8, target: 1.8, debug: true,
    						debugLevel: "lines,vars,source",
    						classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath) {
    					src(path: sourcesDir)
    					include(name: "**/*.java")
    					include(name: "*.java")
    				copy(todir: classesDir) {
    						fileset(dir: sourcesDir, erroronmissingdir: false) {
    						exclude(name: "**/*.java")
    // end::wsdl[]
    dependencies {
    // tag::dependency[]
    	implementation ('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web-services') {
    		exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-tomcat'
    	implementation 'org.springframework.ws:spring-ws-core'
    	// For Java 11:
    	implementation 'org.glassfish.jaxb:jaxb-runtime'
    	implementation(files(genJaxb.classesDir).builtBy(genJaxb))
    	jaxb "com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:2.1.7"
    // end::dependency[]
    	testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
    test {
    	useJUnitPlatform()
    // tag::bootjar[]
    bootJar {
    	baseName = 'gs-consuming-web-service'
    	version =  '0.0.1'
    // end::bootjar[]

    The interface to a SOAP web service is captured in WSDL . JAXB provides a way to generate Java classes from WSDL (or rather, the XSD contained in the <Types/> section of the WSDL). You can find the WSDL for the country service at http://localhost:8080/ws/countries.wsdl .

    To generate Java classes from the WSDL in Maven, you need the following plugin setup:

    <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2.maven2</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jaxb2-plugin</artifactId> <version>0.14.0</version> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>generate</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> <configuration> <schemaLanguage>WSDL</schemaLanguage> <generatePackage>com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl</generatePackage> <schemas> <schema> <url>http://localhost:8080/ws/countries.wsdl</url> </schema> </schemas> </configuration> </plugin>

    This setup will generate classes for the WSDL found at the specified URL, putting those classes in the com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl package. To generate that code run ./mvnw compile and then look in target/generated-sources if you want to check that it worked.

    To do the same with Gradle, you will need the following in your build file:

    task genJaxb {
      ext.sourcesDir = "${buildDir}/generated-sources/jaxb"
      ext.classesDir = "${buildDir}/classes/jaxb"
      ext.schema = "http://localhost:8080/ws/countries.wsdl"
      outputs.dir classesDir
      doLast() {
        project.ant {
          taskdef name: "xjc", classname: "com.sun.tools.xjc.XJCTask",
              classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath
          mkdir(dir: sourcesDir)
          mkdir(dir: classesDir)
            xjc(destdir: sourcesDir, schema: schema,
                package: "com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl") {
                arg(value: "-wsdl")
              produces(dir: sourcesDir, includes: "**/*.java")
            javac(destdir: classesDir, source: 1.8, target: 1.8, debug: true,
                debugLevel: "lines,vars,source",
                classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath) {
              src(path: sourcesDir)
              include(name: "**/*.java")
              include(name: "*.java")
            copy(todir: classesDir) {
                fileset(dir: sourcesDir, erroronmissingdir: false) {
                exclude(name: "**/*.java")
       

    As Gradle does not (yet) have a JAXB plugin, it involves an Ant task, which makes it a bit more complex than in Maven. To generate that code run ./gradlew compileJava and then look in build/generated-sources if you want to check that it worked.

    In both cases, the JAXB domain object generation process has been wired into the build tool’s lifecycle, so you need not run any extra steps once you have a successful build.

    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.ws.client.core.support.WebServiceGatewaySupport; import org.springframework.ws.soap.client.core.SoapActionCallback; import com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl.GetCountryRequest; import com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl.GetCountryResponse; public class CountryClient extends WebServiceGatewaySupport { private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CountryClient.class); public GetCountryResponse getCountry(String country) { GetCountryRequest request = new GetCountryRequest(); request.setName(country); log.info("Requesting location for " + country); GetCountryResponse response = (GetCountryResponse) getWebServiceTemplate() .marshalSendAndReceive("http://localhost:8080/ws/countries", request, new SoapActionCallback( "http://spring.io/guides/gs-producing-web-service/GetCountryRequest")); return response;

    In this method, both the GetCountryRequest and the GetCountryResponse classes are derived from the WSDL and were generated in the JAXB generation process (described in Generate Domain Objects Based on a WSDL). It creates the GetCountryRequest request object and sets it up with the country parameter (the name of the country). After printing out the country name, it uses the WebServiceTemplate supplied by the WebServiceGatewaySupport base class to do the actual SOAP exchange. It passes the GetCountryRequest request object (as well as a SoapActionCallback to pass on a SOAPAction header with the request) as the WSDL described that it needed this header in the <soap:operation/> elements. It casts the response into a GetCountryResponse object, which is then returned.

    package com.example.consumingwebservice;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller;
    @Configuration
    public class CountryConfiguration {
      @Bean
      public Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller() {
        Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
        // this package must match the package in the <generatePackage> specified in
        // pom.xml
        marshaller.setContextPath("com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl");
        return marshaller;
      @Bean
      public CountryClient countryClient(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
        CountryClient client = new CountryClient();
        client.setDefaultUri("http://localhost:8080/ws");
        client.setMarshaller(marshaller);
        client.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
        return client;
       

    The marshaller is pointed at the collection of generated domain objects and will use them to both serialize and deserialize between XML and POJOs.

    The countryClient is created and configured with the URI of the country service shown earlier. It is also configured to use the JAXB marshaller.

    package com.example.consumingwebservice;
    import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import com.example.consumingwebservice.wsdl.GetCountryResponse;
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class ConsumingWebServiceApplication {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumingWebServiceApplication.class, args);
      @Bean
      CommandLineRunner lookup(CountryClient quoteClient) {
        return args -> {
          String country = "Spain";
          if (args.length > 0) {
            country = args[0];
          GetCountryResponse response = quoteClient.getCountry(country);
          System.err.println(response.getCountry().getCurrency());
       

    Build an executable JAR

    You can run the application from the command line with Gradle or Maven. You can also build a single executable JAR file that contains all the necessary dependencies, classes, and resources and run that. Building an executable jar makes it easy to ship, version, and deploy the service as an application throughout the development lifecycle, across different environments, and so forth.

    If you use Gradle, you can run the application by using ./gradlew bootRun. Alternatively, you can build the JAR file by using ./gradlew build and then run the JAR file, as follows: