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$album_name = $row['album'];
    if(!file_exists("cdcovers/$album_name.jpg") && filesize($album_name) > 5){
//gravar as imagens
$imageString = file_get_contents(LastFMArtwork::getArtwork($row['artist'], $row['album'], true, "large"));
$save = file_put_contents('/home/link/public_html/cdcovers/'.$row['album'].'.jpg',$imageString);
but i gives an error(Warning: filesize(): stat failed for...) if the image is not there,
my ideia was if the file exists and is bigger then 5kb then do nothing if it is 4kb or below save image, even if a file exists with 0kb.
Base on what I understand you want to create an image if it does not exist or update the image if it is smaller than 5kb.
In short, filesize will yield the warning if you give it a file that does not exists but there are a few more issues with the original code: 
The condition block is wrong. The function filesize returns the size in bytes and 5kb is ~5,000 bytes. 
The wrong comparison operator is also been use. The less than operator < should be used instead  greater than operator >.
The code attempts to check the  size of a file when it does not exist.
You are referencing different file paths in the condition block.
I modified the sample code to store the absolute path to the image in a variable and reference it where needed, fixed the bytes comparison and updated the condition block requirements to prevent the filesize warning.
Please review the updated code below: 
$albumCoverImg = '/home/link/public_html/cdcovers/' . $row['album'] . '.jpg';
$minSize   = 5 * 1000; // 5KB
$fileExist = is_file($albumCoverImg);
if (!$fileExist || ($fileExist && filesize($albumCoverImg) < $minSize)) {
    //gravar as imagens
    $imageString = file_get_contents(LastFMArtwork::getArtwork($row['artist'], $row['album'], true, "large"));
    $save        = file_put_contents($albumCoverImg, $imageString);
You have to check if the file exists before to check its size.
If "cdcovers/$album_name.jpg" and $album_name are different files, you also have to check the second.
if (!file_exists("cdcovers/$album_name.jpg") && 
    file_exists($album_name) && 
    filesize($album_name) > 5) {
If the files are the same, it's the error (missing folder and file extension).
Also, you save the file with an absolute path : '/home/link/public_html/cdcovers/'.$row['album'].'.jpg'. It could differ from "cdcovers/$album_name.jpg" (depending of the current folder's script execution). You may use the absolute path, of __dir__ constant to be relative to your current folder.
You may use variables to store filename and limit errors by writing them multiple times :
$filename = '/home/link/public_html/cdcovers/'.$row['album'].'.jpg' ;
if (!file_exists($filename) || 
    (file_exists($filename) && filesize($filename) < 5000)) {
    file_put_contents($filename, ...); 
Please also note that filesize() returns the size in bytes, not in Kb.
        
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