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PhyloSuite is a free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. It is released under the GNU General Public License, Version 3. See http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html .
Installers for all platforms can be downloaded from https://github.com/dongzhang0725/PhyloSuite/releases .
1 |
cd path/to/PhyloSuite |
If you encounter an error of “permission denied”, try to use the following command:
1 |
chmod -R 755 path/to/PhyloSuite(folder) |
Note that both 64 bit and 32 bit Windows is supported (Windows 7 and above), whereas only 64 bit has been tested in Linux (Ubuntu 14.04.1 and above) and Mac OSX (macOS Sierra version 10.12.3 and above).
1 |
pip install PhyloSuite |
It will take some time to install. If it installs successfully, PhyloSuite will be automatically added to the environment variables. Then open the terminal again and type:
1 |
PhyloSuite |
If the above
pip
command failed to install PhyloSuite, you can use compiled PhyloSuite (see
section 1
) or find and download the source codes here (
https://pypi.org/project/PhyloSuite/#files
or
https://github.com/dongzhang0725/PhyloSuite
), and install it manually.
PhyloSuite uses a workplace for data management (although you don’t have to use it), which is set when you first use the program. Later you can change it through the
WorkPlace
menu. There are two kinds of root folders in each workplace,
GenBank_File
and
Other_File
. The
GenBank_File
folder is used to manage GenBank files and deposit the results of related analyses. The
Other_File
folder is used to manage other types of sequence files and Word annotation files (nucleotide and amino acid sequences), as well as deposit related results. Below (one level down) from the root folders, you will find work folders, which contain the associated results folders (another level down). In each root folder, PhyloSuite will add
files
and
flowchart
work folders by default. You can create a new work folder to deposit your new work (recommended) by mousing over the root folder (GenBank_File and Other_File), either via the green ‘plus’ icon on the right or via the context (right-click) menu. You can remove a work folder via the context menu of the selected folder or by pressing the
Delete
button in your keyboard. Deleted folders are stored in, and can be recovered from, the
recycled
folder of the root folder. Once a folder is deleted from the recycle bin, it cannot be recovered. However, it is recommended to delete folders/files from your local file system, as that will enable you to recover them using the inbuilt operating system file recovery function.
Note that almost all of the selected settings, such as the window size, position, parameter settings, etc., will be remembered automatically when you close the windows (i.e., there is no need to save the settings before you close a window).
You can access a brief example demo of each function via the
question mark
button in the window of the corresponding function.
GenBank_File
or
Other_File
root folders will display the home page of PhyloSuite. Hover mouse over the root folder to view
Add Work Folder
and
Open in Explorer
buttons; the former can be used to create new work folders, whereas the latter opens the folder in your local file explorer;
GenBank_File
root folder, and sequence files are stored in the
Other_File
root folder. Hover mouse over work folders to see
Open in Explorer
and
GenBank File Information Display Setting
buttons; the later can be used to control which data (for each ID) will be displayed on the main page.
Open in Explorer button
;
PhyloSuite integrates eight plugin programs:
Programs Executable File Description MAFFT v7.313 mafft.bat Multiple alignment of amino acid or nucleotide sequences IQ-TREE v. 1.6.8 iqtree.exe Efficient software for phylogenomic inference MrBayes 3.2.6 mrbayes_x64.exe or
These plugins can be installed in
Settings-->Plugins
.
This can be done in three ways:
Note that the paths of these plugin programs should not contain special characters (^, {, @, etc.).
See How to configure plugins .
PhyloSuite accepts numerous file formats and extensions:
For the demo tutorial of how to import sequences to PhyloSuite, please see five ways to import data into PhyloSuite .
TIP: GenBank file should be in the standard format (see
detail
).
PhyloSuite provides three ways to import GenBank files into the work folder of the GenBank_File root folder:
Import file(s) or ID(s)
function under the
File
menu or
Open file(s)
in the main
display area
. This mode supports the import of complete GenBank files and lists of GenBank accession numbers (IDs), which will then be automatically retrieved from the GenBank by PhyloSuite;
After importing GenBank files, there are options to play with, accessible via the context (right-click) menu, if not specified otherwise:
File --> Standardize GenBank file
function or via the context menu as
Standardization
. This function opens a new pop-up window, displaying eventual errors and warnings in your dataset, in which you may manually edit the files (mitogenome data only). These usually involve missing genes or non-standardized annotation. For the latter, you may click on the gear button (Settings) in the upper right corner of this window, which opens the
GenBank File Extracting settings
window discussed above. By ticking the Set NCR threshold box, you may prompt PhyloSuite to recognize the non-coding regions as well (this allows you extract them later using the
extract
function). You can set the threshold for the size (in bp) of the NCRs you wish to be recognized.
Predict tRNA (LEU and SER)
button is available, via which you may reannotate ambiguously annotated tRNAs with the help of ARWEN.
Settings --> GenBank File Information Display
. Examples are: ID, organism, lineages, references, source, etc. (see
Information Display
section).
Highlight Identical Sequences
button (star-shaped, bottom/right)
Find Records by IDs
, to search for specific IDs.
Import file(s) or ID(s)
function under the
File
menu or
Open file(s)
in the
display area
.
After importing files, again there are many options to play with:
MAFFT
,
Gblocks
,
Concatenate Sequence
,
Convert Sequence Format
,
Sequence Viewer
,
Partitionfinder2
,
ModelFinder
,
IQ-TREE
, and
MrBayes
functions.
Parse Annotation
function is available only for *.docx files.
Sequence Viewer
, they can be
reversed
,
complement
,
reverse complement
and
pruned
.
Note that FASTA format files can also be imported into any work folder under the GenBank_File root folder, in which case the file will be automatically converted to the GenBank file format (see five ways to import data into PhyloSuite for details).
File-->Search in NCBI
in the menu bar;
Monogenea[ORGN] AND (mitochondrion[TITL] OR mitochondrial[TITL]) AND 10000:50000[SLEN]
);
GenBank_File
root folder will download sequences in the GenBank format, whereas selecting a work folder within the
Other_File
root folder will download sequences in the FASTA format;
Download
button to start downloading.
The format of GenBank file is show below (for detailed GenBank format please visit https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Sitemap/samplerecord.html ):
FEATURES Location/Qualifiers source[ Feature ] 1..5028 /organism[ Qualifier ] ="Saccharomyces cerevisiae[ Value or Name ]" /db_xref[ Qualifier ] ="taxon:4932[ Value or Name ]" /chromosome[ Qualifier ]="IX[ Value or Name ]" /map[ Qualifier ] ="9[ Value or Name ]" CDS[ Feature ] 1..206 /product[ Qualifier ] ="TCP1-beta[ Value or Name ]"
This
can be set in
Settings-->Settings-->Taxonomy Recognition
.
You can define the identifier of each
taxonomic rank
. It supports the
wildcard character
*
, for example, most of the family names end with “dae”, thus you can define the family taxonomic rank as
*dae
. However, in some taxonomic groups, rank names don’t necessarily follow the same rule, as for example in the Malacostraca, Hoplocarida and Peracarida both end with “carida”, but they are a subclass and a superorder respectively. In this case, you’d better use the full name as the identifier. Additionally, you can exclude terms when you use the wildcard character; for example, if you use
*oda
to recognize the orders in crustaceans, you will have to exclude Arthropoda by adding
-Arthropoda
in a new row of the order column, because it is a phylum.
Taxonomic ranks can be added or deleted. For example, you can add a
Suborder
through the
Add Column
button, or delete any taxonomic rank by selecting it and clicking the
Delete Column
button. Please ensure that taxonomic ranks are arranged (left to right) from high to low level. You can change the order of taxonomic ranks by dragging them. Whenever you change the settings, you can update the table through the
Refresh table
option accessed via the right-click menu in the display area.
Note that taxonomic lineages of each ID/species listed in the display area (GenBank_File workspace) are automatically recognized from GenBank files. If you wish, you may replace them with taxonomic data from the NCBI’s Taxonomy database ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy ) or WoRMS database ( http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php ) via the context (right-click) menu of the selected ID/species.
There are numerous data in GenBank files that can be displayed, so PhyloSuite classifies them into four sections: Annotations, Lineages, Reference and Sources ( qualifiers from source feature).
Annotations Lineages Reference Sources Class author(s) Length Order title(s) specimen_voucher Superfamily journal(s) collection_date Family pubmed ID(s) isolation_source Organism Subfamily comment(s) country Definition Genus collected_by organelle Keywords Molecule type mol_type Topology strain Accessions db_xref Sequence version Source
Note that the information for
Lineages
and
Sources
is variable.
Lineages
can be configured (see
Lineage Recognition
). All of the qualifiers in the
source
feature
of GenBank files from all IDs in the
work folder
will be presented as available options. In this way, the available options for
Source
are dependent on the GenBank files in this work folder.
Additionally, some of the information can be modified by double-clicking the corresponding cell. For example, there may be some errors in the lineage names, which you can correct in the display area . The new name will then be used in GenBank File Extracter and other functions. Fields that cannot be modified are “ID”, “Length”, “AT%”, “State”, “Date”, “Latest modified”, “author(s)”, “title(s)”, “journal(s)”, “pubmed ID(s)”, “comment(s)”, “Keywords”, “Molecule type”, “Topology”, “Accessions”, “Sequence version”, “Source”, “State”.
product
for
rRNA
, and simultaneously select to extract the value of the qualifiers
gene
and
product
for
CDS
. In this case, PhyloSuite will first search the
value/name
of
gene
for CDS, if there is no
gene
qualifier it will search the
value/name
of
product
(
note that qualifiers can be reordered by dragging
). If none of the specified qualifiers are found for features, it will be recorded in a table file when using the
GenBank File Extracter
function, or marked as an error when using the Standardization function.
Names unification
table. The ‘Old Name’ will be replaced with the ‘New Name’ if found in the corresponding qualifiers when using
GenBank File Extracter
or Standardization functions. If you wish to extract only a subset of features (genes) for which
value/name
are available in this table, you may do so by checking the
Only extract these genes
checkbox. This table can be exported, or imported (
export/import settings
function below the table) from a comma-separated table (*.csv). There is a convenient way to uniformize names: if you extract genes without any settings for the first time, a “name_for_unification.csv” file will be generated, which can be used to set the new names and then imported into the settings (“csv” format is mandatory).
Note that values/names of all qualifiers of all features are included in a single table.
By default, PhyloSuite provides settings for six data types (loci): Mitogenome, chloroplast genome, general, cox1, 16S and 18S. You may add more data types as desired and switch between them via the
Current version
button (bottom/left). You are allowed to associate different settings with each data type. The three features (CDS, tRNA and rRNA) of the Mitogenome data type are fixed, so they cannot be deleted, but new features can be added. If you are not sure which data type to use, you can select
general
and then adjust the settings according to your needs.
Please see https://dongzhang0725.github.io/dongzhang0725.github.io/PhyloSuite-demo/customize_extraction/ .
The relationships of input files and functions are summarized below:
Function Input Files IQ-TREE concatenate_results, PartFind_results, ModelFinder_results and alignment file MrBayes PartFind_results, ModelFinder_results and alignment file ModelFinder concatenate_results and alignment file PartitionFinder2 concatenate_results MAFFT extract_results and alignment file MACSE mafft_results, extract_results and alignment file Gblocks MACSE_results, mafft_results, concatenate_results and alignment file trimAl MACSE_results, mafft_results, concatenate_results and alignment file HmmCleaner MACSE_results, mafft_results, concatenate_results and alignment file Convert Format MACSE_results, mafft_results, Gblocks_results, trimAl_results, HmmCleaner_results and alignment file Concatenate Sequence MACSE_results, mafft_results, Gblocks_results, trimAl_results, HmmCleaner_results and alignment file
Alignment file here refers to the alignment files listed in the
Other_File
root folder.
For results folder names refer to
Output Files
Functions and default results folders:
Function Results folder IQ-TREE IQtree_results MrBayes MrBayes_results ModelFinder ModelFinder_results PartitionFinder2 PartFind_results MAFFT mafft_results MACSE MACSE_results Gblocks Gblocks_results trimAl trimAl_results HmmCleaner HmmCleaner_results Convert Format convertFmt_results Concatenate Sequence concatenate_results Draw RSCU figure RSCUfig_results Compare Table comp_tbl_results Flowchart Flowchart_reportsThe input file for this function can be loaded only by selecting IDs in the display area of the work folder under the GenBank_File root folder . For the results, please see the Output Files section.
There are two modes for extraction,
Single loc.
mode will extract the entire sequence but ignore annotation and other features, which is suitable for single locus, such as 18S, cox1 and 28S etc.;
Custom
mode allows you to select or edit the type of sequence and features that you wish to extract (see
GenBank File Extracting settings
).
What it can do:
CDS
,
tRNA
and
rRNA
features
, this function will extract these features from all selected GenBank files and store them in correspondingly named folders (CDS, tRNA, rRNA). Additionally,
CDS
feature will be split into two folders: ‘CDS_AA’ folder contains the amino acid sequences extracted from the
translation
qualifier
, whereas ‘CDS_NUC’ folder contains the nucleotide sequences. For the
Mitogenome
version, there is an additional “self-translated_AA” folder that contains the amino acid sequences translated from the nucleotide sequences (CDS) by the PhyloSuite.
Note that there may exist duplicated genes within one ID, in which case PhyloSuite will number the duplicated gene names in the order they occur. For example, if there are three
cox1
genes, then they will be saved as
cox1.fas
,
cox1_copy2.fas
and
cox1_copy3.fas
. Additionaly, PhyloSuite also provides
Resolve gene duplicates
function (available in
Parameters
tab) to automatically identify and remove duplicated genes.
overview.csv
), which records the data type settings used for extraction, all features found in the sequences, missing features or qualifiers, and genes found in each species.
Names unification
table in the
GenBank File Extracting settings
. Using this table, you can modify the names in the ‘New Name’ column and then import it into the
Names unification
table. This table is extremely useful when extracting genes for the first time. [
StatFiles/name_for_unification.csv
]
Only extract these genes
is checked and none of the qualifier values conform to the name in
Names unification
table, then these values will be recorded in the
name_not_included.csv
table. [
StatFiles/name_not_included.csv
]
ITOL datasets
checkbox)
Lineage color
. If you don’t select colors for all taxons, PhyloSuite will randomly assign colors to the remaining taxons. For adding or removing lineages, please click
Configure
button (see Fig. 1 in
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0181699
). [
itolFiles/[itol_xxx_ColourStrip.txt | itol_xxx_Text.txt | itol_xxx_Colour.txt]
]
Gene order display
function. At this step you can also select NCRs to be visualized (if you have set up the PhyloSuite to recognize and extract them, including setting the size threshold, during the
Standardization
step) (see Fig. 6 in
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-018-1249-3
). [
files/itol_gene_order.txt, Mitogenome version
]
In the
Custom
menu, you can choose among the data types pre-set in
GenBank File Extracting settings
. In the
Lineages
menu, you can choose which lineages to include in the results. Regarding the names of sequences, user can customize them via
Name Type
function, in which ID, organism, Family, Class, isolate, strain, etc. are available.
Extract
via right-click, and the sequences will be imported automatically;
Mitogenome
data-type);
For customizing the extraction, please see
Customizing the extraction
For comprehensive demos, please see
multi-gene tutorial
and
single-gene tutorial
. For how to use the generated iTOL datasets, please see
phylogenetic tree annotation
.
For installation of MAFFT, please see Plugins Installation section. For input files for MAFFT, please see Input Files section. Note that the input file should be in the FASTA format. For the results of MAFFT, please see Output Files section.
PhyloSuite enables MAFFT to run multiple files in batches using the same set of parameters, which means that you can input multiple files into MAFFT simultaneously. PhyloSuite provides three alignment modes for MAFFT:
When aligning with codon mode, if there are internal stop codons, PhyloSuite will pop up a warning window. If you are aware of this problem, feel free to ignore it and continue the alignment (select ‘Ignore’), otherwise terminate the alignment and inspect the problem (select ‘Yes’).
-adjustdirection
can auto-adjust the direction of some sequences (i.e. reverse complement). Other parameters are also available, such as
align strategy
,
export format
and
thread
etc.
After inputting files and setting parameters, you are ready to click the
Start
button and start the program. The run log can be viewed through
Show log
button. Once the program is finished, the parameter settings and the citation of
MAFFT
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\MAFFT\mtDNA_36_genes\CDS_NUC’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->MAFFT
through the menu bar;
Code Table
for protein-coding genes, here is 9);
For comprehensive demos, please see multi-gene tutorial and single-gene tutorial . For a comprehensive manual of MAFFT, please visit https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/software/manual/manual.html .
For installation of MACSE, please see Plugins Installation section. For input files for MACSE, please see Input Files section. Note that the input file should be in the FASTA format. For the results of MACSE, please see Output Files section.
PhyloSuite enables MACSE to run multiple files in batches using the same set of parameters, which means that you can input multiple files into MACSE simultaneously. In addition, multi-core operation is also allowed, which allows several files (depends on threads set) to run simultaneously.
MACSE has many subprograms and it already has a GUI, so we only added
alignSequences
and
refineAlignment
subprograms to PhyloSuite. We believe these two are most suitable for PhyloSuite, in terms of complementing the shortcomings of MAFFT. The input of MACSE should be either protein-coding sequences (for
alignSequences
) or an alignment (for
refineAlignment
) generated by other programs (e.g.
MAFFT
). Regarding batch processing, if there are multiple files in both
Seq.
and
Seq_lr.
boxes, these files will be combined successively, for example, the first file of
Seq.
(-seq 1st_seq_file) will combine with the first file of
Seq_lr.
(-seq_lr 1st_seq_lr_file). Noteworthy, the
seq
and
seq_lr
options must be used together or not at all in combination with
Refine
(refineAlignment). Please note that PhyloSuite also provides the
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button, which gives sufficient freedom for experienced users to modify and add parameters that are not included in the GUI.
In particular, as the generated alignment files may contain exclamation (
!
) or star (
*
) symbols (emphasize the frameshifts detected by MACSE), which may cause errors in downstream analyses. Therefore, PhyloSuite generates an additional file with
_removed_chars_
in its name, which replaces these symbols with
?
.
After inputting files and setting parameters, you are ready to click the
Start
button and start the program. The run log can be viewed through
Show log
button. Once the program is finished, the parameter settings and the citation of
MACSE
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\MACSE’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->MACSE (for CDS)
through the menu bar;
Seq.
input box;
Code Table
; in the example we selected 9);
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button;
For a comprehensive manual of MACSE, please visit https://bioweb.supagro.inra.fr/macse/index.php?menu=intro .
For the installation of trimAl, please see Plugins Installation section. For inputting files into trimAl, please see Input Files section. For the results of trimAl, please see Output Files section.
PhyloSuite enables trimAl to
run multiple files in batches
using the same set of parameters, which means you can input multiple files into trimAl simultaneously. In addition, multi-core operation is also allowed, which allows several files (depends on threads set) to run simultaneously. Please note that PhyloSuite also provides the
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button, which gives sufficient freedom for experienced users to modify and add parameters that are not included in the GUI.
If you want to apply the results of trimAl to downstream analyses, please ensure that you select
fasta
as output format. If you select the
Statistics output
, these results will be saved to a file with the suffix “.log”. As the output file extension
_trimAl
is recognized by downstream functions, it cannot be changed.
After inputting files and setting parameters, clicking the
Start
button runs the program. You can view the running log through the
Show log
button. Parameter settings and citation for
trimAl
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\trimAl_HmmCleaner’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->trimAl
through the menu bar;
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button;
For a comprehensive manual of trimAl, please visit http://trimal.cgenomics.org .
For the installation of HmmCleaner, please see Plugins Installation section. For inputting files into HmmCleaner, please see Input Files section. For the results of HmmCleaner, please see Output Files section.
PhyloSuite enables HmmCleaner to
run multiple files in batches
using the same set of parameters, which means you can input multiple files into HmmCleaner simultaneously. In addition, multi-core operation is also allowed, which allows several files (depends on threads set) to run simultaneously. Due to HmmCleaner design contraints, this program is available only to linux and mac users. If you want to apply the results of HmmCleaner to downstream analyses, please ensure that you uncheck the
ali
output format.
After inputting files and setting parameters, clicking the
Start
button runs the program. You can view the running log through the
Show log
button. The parameter settings and the citation for
HmmCleaner
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\trimAl_HmmCleaner’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->HmmCleaner
through the menu bar;
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button;
For a comprehensive manual of HmmCleaner, please visit https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Bio-MUST-Apps-HmmCleaner/bin/HmmCleaner.pl .
For the installation of Gblocks, please see Plugins Installation section. For inputting files into Gblocks, please see Input Files section. Note that the input files should be in FASTA or NBRF/PIR formats. For the results of Gblocks, please see Output Files section.
PhyloSuite enables Gblocks to
run multiple files in batches
using the same set of parameters, which means you can input multiple files into Gblocks simultaneously.
The two options,
Minimum Number Of Sequences For A Conserved Position
and
Minimum Number Of Sequences For A Flank Position
will be enabled after inputting files. As the former variable has to be > half the number of sequences, whereas the latter variable has to be ≥ the value of former variable. The available values of these two variables will change according to this rule.
Because of this, when running batch analyses on multiple files, the number of sequences in each file must be the same.
As the default output file extension ‘_gb’ is recognized by downstream functions, it cannot be changed.
After inputting files and setting parameters, clicking the
Start
button runs the program. You can view the running log through the
Show log
button. The parameter settings and the citation for
Gblocks
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\Gblocks\mtDNA_36_genes\CDS_NUC’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->Gblocks
through the menu bar;
For a comprehensive manual of Gblocks, please visit http://molevol.cmima.csic.es/castresana/Gblocks/Gblocks_documentation.html .
For inputting files, please see Input Files section. FASTA, PHYLIP, AXT, PAML and NEXUS formats are allowed. For the results, please see Output Files section. Note that the name of the output file can be changed.
Alignments can be concatenated into a single alignment using this function. First, PhyloSuite will scan each of the alignments and collect all of the sequence names, then it will concatenate these alignments by searching the names in each alignment. If a name can’t be found in the alignment, it will be recorded in the ‘missing_genes.txt’ file.
A number of common formats can be chosen for the output file, such as PHYLIP, NEXUS, AXT, PAML and FASTA. Additionally, the function can record the index of each gene during the concatenation and generate a partition file, which can be used in
PartitionFinder
,
ModelFinder
,
IQ-TREE
and
MrBayes
. User can also select to remove any codon sites (such as third codon site) in this analysis.
You can change the order in which alignments are concatenated by dragging the files to reorder them.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\Concatenation\mtDNA_36_genes\36_genes_NUC’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->Concatenate Sequence
through the menu bar;
Linear figure
function if you wish to visualize the concatenated dataset;
For comprehensive demos, please see multi-gene tutorial and single-gene tutorial .
For inputting files, please see Input Files section. For the results, please see Output Files section.
PHYLIP, NEXUS, AXT, PAML and FASTA formats are supported (both for input and output files). This function also supports batch format conversion , which means that you can input multiple files simultaneously.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\Convert_format’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Alignment-->Convert Sequence Format
through the menu bar;
For the installation of ModelFinder (IQ-TREE), please see Plugins Installation section, for input alignment files see Input Files section (FASTA, PHYLIP, NEXUS and CLUSTAL formats are allowed), and for the result files see Output Files section.
You may choose to provide two more optional files: a tree file (
newick format
) and a partition file. Please see
http://www.iqtree.org/doc/Advanced-Tutorial
for the format of the partition file. The most convenient option is to directly use the results of
Concatenate Sequence
(
concatenate_results
) as input files for ModelFinder. The concatenated alignments and the partition file will load to ModelFinder automatically (see brief example below).
PhyloSuite provides an additional parameter for ModelFinder settings:
Model for
. This parameter allows you to select a set of models you wish to test, suited for different phylogenetic programs (see table below). This is very useful, as different algorithms often use different model types.
After inputting files and setting the parameters, you may click
Start
button and run the program. The running log can be viewed through
Show log
button. Once the program is finished, the parameter settings and the citation for
IQ-TREE
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
concatenate_results
folder (if not available, please see
here
for how to make one), then select
Import to ModelFinder
in the context menu;
data blocks
(for how to operate partition editor, please see
below
);
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button;
For comprehensive demos, please see multi-gene tutorial and single-gene tutorial . For a comprehensive manual of ModelFinder, please visit http://www.iqtree.org/doc/ and http://iqtree.cibiv.univie.ac.at/ .
For installation of PartitionFinder2, please see Plugins Installation section, for inputting the alignment file ( PHYLIP format ) see Input Files section, for the results see Output Files section. You may provide a tree file as well ( optional, newick format ).
The most convenient way to use PartitionFinder2 is to use the results of
Concatenate Sequence
(
concatenate_results
) as input files. The concatenated alignments and the partition file will load into the PartitionFinder2 automatically.
PartitionFinder2 requires a data block to run, the default format of which is (see
DATA BLOCKS
window):
Gene1_codon1 = 1-999\3;
Gene1_codon2 = 2-999\3;
Gene1_codon3 = 3-999\3;
Gene2 = 1000-1665;
intron = 1666-2000;
PhyloSuite provides a partition editor function, in which you can add/delete/modify partitions and convert/cancel the selected data block to the codon format. For how to use this function, please see below .
Note that among the
Command line options
,
--all-states
and
--min-subset-size
can only be used when
kmeans
is selected in the
search
menu. The options
hcluster
,
rclusterf
and
rcluster
in
search
menu as well as
--rcluster-max
and
--weights
in the
Command line options
will be enabled only when
--raxml
is checked in the
Command line options
. The
unlinked
option in the
branchlengths
menu should be used with caution, as it may hinder convergence when using the partition results to conduct an analysis in MrBayes (because of
unlink brlens=(all);
).
After inputting files and setting the parameters, you can start the program (
Start
button), and view the run log through the
Show log
button. Once the program is finished, the parameter settings and the citation for
PartitionFinder2
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
concatenate_results
folder (if not available, please see
here
for how to make one), then select
Import to PartitionFinder2
in the context menu;
data blocks
(for how to operate partition editor, please see
below
);
For a comprehensive demo, please see multi-gene tutorial . For a comprehensive manual of PartitionFinder2, please visit http://www.robertlanfear.com/partitionfinder/assets/Manual_v2.1.x.pdf .
3
shown to the left of the data block name indicates that the length of the sequence is a multiple of 3, select one or more data blocks (make sure they are protein-coding genes) exhibiting the icon
3
and then click
Codon Mode
button, the partition(s) will be changed to codon mode, in which icons
1
,
2
, and
3
correspond to partitions comprising first, second and third codon position of the gene, respectively.;
1
,
2
, and
3
, then click
Cancel Codon Mode
to change back to the normal partiton mode.
Name
,
Start
and
Stop
columns can be modified via double-clicking the corresponding cells;
Recognize
button.
For the installation of IQ-TREE, please see Plugins Installation section, for the results see Output Files section, for input files see Input Files section. FASTA, PHYLIP, NEXUS and CLUSTAL formats are allowed.
Optionally, you may input a partition file (check the box). Please see
http://www.iqtree.org/doc/Advanced-Tutorial
for detailed format requirements for the partition file. The most convenient option is to use the results of
Concatenate Sequence
(
concatenate_results
) as input files for IQ-TREE: the concatenated alignments and the partition file will load to IQ-TREE automatically. Similarly, when using the results of
PartitionFinder2
or
ModelFinder
as input files of IQ-TREE, the alignment file, the partition and the best-fit model selection will also load into the IQ-TREE automatically.
Alternatively, IQ-TREE can select the best-fit model and immediately continue with the tree reconstruction (using the inferred model) by setting
Models
to
Auto
and either check ‘FreeRate heterogeneity [+R]’ (
-m TESTNEW
) or not (
-m TEST
). We also enabled IQ-TREE to reconstruct phylogenetic trees in batches, which can be used to infer supertrees.
After inputting files and setting the parameters, you may start the program (
Start
button), and view the run log through the
Show log
button. Once the program is finished, the parameter settings and the citation for the
IQ-TREE
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\IQ-TREE\mtDNA_36_genes\36_genes_NUC\normal’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Phylogeny-->IQ-TREE
through the menu bar;
Auto
, IQ-TREE will select the best-fit model and immediately continue with the tree reconstruction, see above);
Partition Mode
), parameters that are not included in the GUI can be added via the
View | Edit command
function in the dropdown arrow of the ‘Start’ button;
IQ-TREE can directly use the outputs of ModelFinder and/or PartitionFinder2, please see multi-gene tutorial and single-gene tutorial . For a comprehensive manual of IQ-TREE, please visit http://www.iqtree.org/doc/ and http://iqtree.cibiv.univie.ac.at/ .
For the installation of MrBayes, please see
Plugins Installtion
section, for result files see
Output Files
section, for
Input Files
see Input Files section.
Note that only the NEXUS format is allowed; if
autodetect
function is used, the alignment will be converted to the NEXUS format automatically.
When using the results of
PartitionFinder2
or
ModelFinder
as input files for MrBayes, the alignment file and the best-fit model calculated will load into MrBayes automatically.
If the loaded alignment file contains a command block, you can select to run with this command block directly. The
Outgroup(s)
and
Models
parameters are enabled only after the alignment is loaded.
PhyloSuite provides a window to edit the partition file (activated by clicking
Partition Models
), in which you can input the name of the subset, the start and stop positions, and the best model for the subset. After editing, you can click the
Generate Command Block
button to generate the corresponding command block for the edited partition.
Sometimes, after finishing an analysis, you may decide that the results haven’t fully converged and that you would prefer to continue the analysis; for such circumstances, PhyloSuite provides the
Continue Previous Analysis
function, which allows you to continue any of your analyses (finished and unfinished) after setting the number of additional generations.
There are two ways to discard MCMC samples (not generations) when summary statistics are calculated: you can either set the specific number of samples (
Burnin box
) or the proportion (
Burnin Fraction box
) of all samples.
The
Conformat
parameter controls the format of the consensus tree, where
Simple
setting results in a simple consensus tree written in a format read by a variety of programs (TreeView, iTOL etc.); whereas
Figtree
setting results in a consensus tree formatted for the program FigTree, with rich summary statistics.
The
Show MrBayes Data Block
button allows you to add the parameters that are not included in the GUI or export the configured file and run in servers (such as CIPRES, see Brief example).
After inputting files and setting the parameters, you can either export the alignment and the corresponding command block to execute MrBayes separately (through
Show MrBayes Data Block
) or click
Start
button to run the program within the PhyloSuite. The run log can be viewed through the
Show log
button. Once the program is finished, the parameter settings and the citation for
MrBayes
will be saved in the
summary.txt
file.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\MrBayes\mtDNA_36_genes\36_genes_NUC\normal’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
input.nex
file;
Phylogeny-->MrBayes
through the menu bar;
Show MrBayes Data Block
, then select ‘Save to File’, upload this file to CIPRES to run directly (remember to check
My Data Contains a MrBayes Data Block
).
Stop the run and infer the tree
option accessed via the dropdown arrow of the
Stop
button.
Continue Previous Analysis
.
MrBayes can directly use the outputs of ModelFinder and/or PartitionFinder2, please see multi-gene tutorial and single-gene tutorial . For a comprehensive manual of MrBayes, please visit http://mrbayes.sourceforge.net/manual.php .
There are several things you should keep in mind when using this function:
MAFFT
and/or
MACSE
]–>[
Gblocks
or
trimAl
or
HmmCleaner
]–>
Concatenation
–>[
ModelFinder
or
PartitionFinder
]–>[
IQ-TREE
and
MrBayes
].
MAFFT
and
MACSE
, protein-coding sequences should be used as input, and the results of
MAFFT
will be subsequently refined by
MACSE
Concatenation
, other programs do not have to be selected (when
MAFFT
,
MACSE
,
trimAl
,
HmmCleaner
, or
Gblocks
is selected,
Concatenation
must be retained because it serves as a bridge that connects these programs with downstream programs, even for a single gene).
Tree Reconstruction
programs can use either the results of
ModelFinder
or
PartitionFinder
, and they can run in parallel.
Minimum Number Of Sequences For A Conserved Position
and
Minimum Number Of Sequences For A Flank Position
options are enabled only when files are input directly into
Gblocks
, these two options are set by default to the most ‘relaxed’ values (i.e. lowest values) in the Flowchart mode, unless if
Gblocks
is the first program in a Flowchart analysis, in which case you can set the two options as you would normally.
ModelFinder
and
IQ-TREE
are selected,
IQ-TREE
will use the best-fit model calculated by
ModelFinder
; if only
ModelFinder
and
MrBayes
are selected, then
Mrbayes
option must be selected in the
Model for
menu of
ModelFinder
; and finally, if
ModelFinder
,
IQ-TREE
and
MrBayes
are selected, the results of
ModelFinder
will be used only for
MrBayes
(thus it will use the same settings as described in the preceding note), whereas
IQ-TREE
will first conduct the best-fit model selection inbuilt in the algorithm, and conduct the tree inference (using the
Auto
option in the
Models
menu, equivalent to
-m TEST
or
-m MFP
).
flowchart
.
Tip: if you changed the workflow settings, remember to save it using the
add
button, otherwise, it will not be remembered. For comprehensive demos, please see
multi-gene tutorial
and
single-gene tutorial
.
This function can parse the annotations recorded in a Microsoft Word document (only *.docx extension is supported). When annotating the tRNAs, you should add the anti-codon of each tRNA gene to the end of the gene name (in brackets), for example: tRNA-Cys(GCA) (also see an example in the image below). Regarding the names of genes, PhyloSuite allows you to replace the name with other names by setting the
Name from Word
table accessed through the
Configure name replacing
button. Additionally, you can define the name of
product
qualifiers
for each protein coding gene and the abbreviation of tRNA genes used for the organization table.
Example of mitogenome annotation in a Word document:
The GenBank Submission Template file including the information of authors and affiliations can be generated
here
. Several datasets from PhyloSuite can be used to generate the annotation section, including
Organism
,
Strain
,
Lineage
, etc. The
Release Date
parameter defines the release date of your sequence.
Note that you should have office suite installed on your computer.
When you are in the PhyloSuite root folder, go to ‘example\Parse_Word_annotations’ folder (if you don’t have the newest example folder, please download it from here ),
Mitogenome-->Parse Annotation
through the menu bar;
Template File
input box;
Organism
,
Lineage
,
Code Table
, etc.
This function can compare and gather tables in the
speciesStat
subfolder under the
extract_results
folder. For organization tables, pairwise similarity calculation is allowed, in which MAFFT is invoked to make alignment and DistanceCalculator package in Biopython is used to calculate the identity of the sequence. The header of a table can be omitted from the comparison by selecting the number of rows you wish to exclude (from the top). For table examples, please see Table 1 in
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-018-1249-3
and Table 2 in
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9
.
This function can directly use the results of ‘extract’ function:
extract_results
folder (if not available, please see
here
for how to make one, mitogenome datatype only);
Mitogenome-->Compare Table
through the menu bar;
remove
button;
Calculate pairwise similarity
if you want to calculate pairwise similarity for homologous genes;
extract_results
folder first, then enter ‘extract_results\StatFiles\speciesStat’, select interested files, drag them into the
Tables
box, uncheck
Calculate pairwise similarity
, then Start the program.
For the installation of Rscript, please see Plugins Installation section, and for the results please see Output Files section.
This function can draw an RSCU figure based on the tables in the “RSCU” subfolder under the
extract_results/StatFiles/RSCU
folder. You can drag to reorder the input files and the amino acids on the x-axis. For a figure example, please see Fig. 3 in
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-017-2404-1
.
This function can directly use the results of ‘extract’ function:
extract_results
folder (if not available, please see
here
for how to make one, mitogenome datatype only);
Mitogenome-->Draw RSCU figure
through the menu bar;
remove
button;
See https://dongzhang0725.github.io/PhyloSuite-demo/Molecular-dating-analysis/ or http://phylosuite.jushengwu.com/dongzhang0725.github.io/PhyloSuite-demo/Molecular-dating-analysis/
If you use data generated by PhyloSuite in a scientific paper, please use the following citation:
Zhang, D., F. Gao, I. Jakovlić, H. Zou, J. Zhang, W.X. Li, and G.T. Wang, PhyloSuite: An integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. Molecular Ecology Resources, 2020. 20(1): p. 348–355. DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13096.
Please also note that PhyloSuite is a plug-in program, and that you should also cite any (and every) plug-in program not designed and compiled by us that you use in your analyses. This applies to the following plug-ins:
MAFFT
Katoh, K., and Standley, D.M. (2013). MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 30, 772-780.
MACSE
Ranwez V, Douzery EJP, Cambon C, Chantret N, Delsuc F. 2018. MACSE v2: Toolkit for the alignment of coding sequences accounting for frameshifts and stop codons. Mol Biol Evol. 35: 2582-2584. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msy159.
Gblocks
Talavera, G., and Castresana, J. (2007). Improvement of phylogenies after removing divergent and ambiguously aligned blocks from protein sequence alignments. Syst Biol 56, 564-577.
trimAl
Capella-Gutierrez S, Silla-Martinez JM, Gabaldon T. 2009. trimAl: a tool for automated alignment trimming in large-scale phylogenetic analyses. Bioinformatics. 25: 1972-1973. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp348.
HmmCleaner
Di Franco A, Poujol R, Baurain D, Philippe H. 2019. Evaluating the usefulness of alignment filtering methods to reduce the impact of errors on evolutionary inferences. BMC Evol Biol. 19: 21. doi: 10.1186/s12862-019-1350-2.
IQ-TREE
Nguyen, L.T., Schmidt, H.A., von Haeseler, A., and Minh, B.Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Mol Biol Evol 32, 268-274.
PartitionFinder2
Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P.B., Wright, A.M., Senfeld, T., and Calcott, B. (2017). PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Mol Biol Evol 34, 772-773.
MrBayes
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A., and Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012). MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Syst Biol 61, 539-542.
For the remaining functions, we mostly used our own Python codes, written in Python 3.6.7 and PyQT5. Biopython package was used for some functions, such as feature extraction from GenBank files, which is conducted using SeqIO module.
Cock, P.J., Antao, T., Chang, J.T., Chapman, B.A., Cox, C.J., Dalke, A., Friedberg, I., Hamelryck, T., Kauff, F., Wilczynski, B., et al. (2009). Biopython: freely available Python tools for computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. Bioinformatics 25, 1422-1423.
PhyloSuite_xxx_Win.rar
, instead of the installer file.
Unzip the package, select and copy all files, go to the installation path of PhyloSuite, open the
PhyloSuite
folder, paste the copied files directly into this folder (if prompted so, confirm that you wish to replace files with the same name).
Open PhyloSuite, you should find that you are running an updated version, and that your previous settings have been retained.
If the execution of PhyloSuite fails, please first try shutting down your antivirus program.
If you get ‘msvcr120.dll is missing’ error in Windows, you can fix it via this solution .
For other problems, please search the
error code
in the website.
If you encounter errors with MAFFT, such as:
/usr/bin/awk: cannot execute binary file
-gt: unary operator expected
options: check source file
please try the following steps:
mafft.bat
file as the executable in PhyloSuite.
For macOS users , if you encounter Security & Privacy restrictions or an alert such as “Apple cannot verify “xxx file” , you can try resolving the issue with the following command:
1 |
sudo xattr -rd [PhyloSuite_installation_path]/PhyloSuite |
PhyloSuite 是一个用户友好的、独立的、基于 GUI 的软件,使用 Python 3.6.7 和 PyQT5 编写。其功能包括:
PhyloSuite 是一个自由软件,欢迎您在特定条件下重新分发它。它根据 GNU 通用公共许可证第 3 版发布。参见 http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html 。
本程序不附带任何担保。对于本软件的功能性或所获结果的准确性,不作任何明示或暗示的保证。请仔细检查您的结果。
所有平台的安装程序都可以从 https://github.com/dongzhang0725/PhyloSuite/releases 下载。
1 |
cd path/to/PhyloSuite |
如果遇到 “permission denied” 错误,请尝试使用以下命令:
1 |
chmod -R 755 path/to/PhyloSuite(文件夹) |
请注意,支持 64 位和 32 位 Windows(Windows 7 及以上版本),而在 Linux(Ubuntu 14.04.1 及以上版本)和 Mac OSX(macOS Sierra 版本 10.12.3 及以上版本)中仅测试了 64 位。
首先,应在您的计算机上安装 Python(版本 3.6)并将其添加到环境变量中。然后打开终端并输入:
1 |
pip install PhyloSuite |
安装需要一些时间。如果安装成功,PhyloSuite 将自动添加到环境变量中。然后再次打开终端并输入:
1 |
PhyloSuite |
如果上述
pip
命令安装 PhyloSuite 失败,您可以使用已编译的 PhyloSuite(见
第 1 节
)或在此处查找并下载源代码(
https://pypi.org/project/PhyloSuite/#files
或
https://github.com/dongzhang0725/PhyloSuite),然后手动安装。
PhyloSuite 使用工作区进行数据管理(尽管您不一定非要使用它),该工作区在您首次使用程序时设置。之后您可以通过
工作区
菜单更改它。每个工作区中有两种根文件夹:
GenBank_File
和
Other_File
。
GenBank_File
文件夹用于管理 GenBank 文件并存放相关分析的结果。
Other_File
文件夹用于管理其他类型的序列文件和 Word 注释文件(核苷酸和氨基酸序列),以及存放相关结果。在根文件夹下方(下一级),您会找到工作文件夹,其中包含关联的结果文件夹(再下一级)。在每个根文件夹中,PhyloSuite 会默认添加
files
和
flowchart
工作文件夹。您可以通过将鼠标悬停在根文件夹(GenBank_File 和 Other_File)上,然后点击右侧的绿色“加号”图标或通过上下文(右键)菜单来创建一个新的工作文件夹来存放您的新工作(推荐)。您可以通过所选文件夹的上下文菜单或按键盘上的
Delete
按钮来移除工作文件夹。被删除的文件夹存储在根文件夹的
recycled
文件夹中,并可以从中恢复。一旦文件夹从回收站中删除,将无法恢复。但是,建议从您的本地文件系统中删除文件夹/文件,因为这样您可以使用操作系统内置的文件恢复功能来恢复它们。
请注意,几乎所有选定的设置,例如窗口大小、位置、参数设置等,在您关闭窗口时都会被自动记住(即,在关闭窗口之前无需保存设置)。
您可以通过相应功能窗口中的
问号
按钮访问每个功能的简要示例演示。
GenBank_File
或
Other_File
根文件夹将显示 PhyloSuite 的主页。将鼠标悬停在根文件夹上可查看
添加工作文件夹
和
在资源管理器中打开
按钮;前者可用于创建新的工作文件夹,后者则在您的本地文件资源管理器中打开该文件夹;
GenBank_File
根文件夹中,序列文件存储在
Other_File
根文件夹中。将鼠标悬停在工作文件夹上可看到
在资源管理器中打开
和
GenBank 文件信息显示设置
按钮;后者可用于控制每个 ID 的哪些数据将显示在主页面。
在资源管理器中打开
按钮;
这些插件可以在
设置-->插件
中安装。
可以通过三种方式完成:
请注意,这些插件程序的路径不应包含特殊字符(^, {, @ 等)。
关于如何将序列导入 PhyloSuite 的演示教程,请参阅 五种将数据导入 PhyloSuite 的方法 。
PhyloSuite 提供了三种方式将 GenBank 文件导入到 GenBank_File 根文件夹的工作文件夹中:
导入文件或ID
功能或主
显示区域
中的
打开文件
。此模式支持导入完整的 GenBank 文件和 GenBank accession 号(ID)列表,PhyloSuite 将自动从 GenBank 检索这些文件;
打开文件/输入ID
打开输入窗口。
开始
进行下载。
导入 GenBank 文件后,有许多选项可以使用,可通过上下文(右键)菜单访问(除非另有说明):
文件 --> 标准化 GenBank 文件
功能或上下文菜单中的
标准化
来标准化 GenBank 文件的注释(这包括上面讨论的基因名称统一)。此功能会打开一个新的弹出窗口,显示数据集中可能存在的错误和警告,您可以在其中手动编辑文件(仅限线粒体基因组数据)。这些通常涉及缺失的基因或非标准化的注释。对于后者,您可以点击此窗口右上角的齿轮按钮(设置),打开上面讨论的
GenBank 文件提取设置
窗口。通过勾选
设置 NCR 阈值
框,您可以提示 PhyloSuite 也识别非编码区域(这允许您稍后使用
提取
功能提取它们)。您可以设置希望识别的 NCR 大小(以 bp 为单位)的阈值。
预测 tRNA (LEU 和 SER)
按钮,通过该按钮您可以在 ARWEN 的帮助下重新注释模糊注释的 tRNA。
设置 --> GenBank 文件信息显示
选择您希望显示的文件中包含的信息。例如:ID、organism、lineages、references、source 等(参见
信息显示
部分)。
高亮相同序列
按钮(星形,底部/右侧)识别并自动删除。
按 ID 查找记录
按钮搜索特定的 ID。
与 GenBank 文件类似,PhyloSuite 提供了两种方式将比对文件或 Microsoft Word 文档文件导入到 Other_File 根文件夹下的工作文件夹中:
导入文件或ID
功能或
显示区域
中的
打开文件
。
导入文件后,同样有许多选项可以使用:
MAFFT
、
Gblocks
、
串联序列
、
转换序列格式
、
序列查看器
、
Partitionfinder2
、
ModelFinder
、
IQ-TREE
和
MrBayes
功能。
解析注释
功能仅适用于 *.docx 文件。
序列查看器
中管理,它们可以被_反向_、
互补
、
反向互补_和_修剪
。
请注意,FASTA 格式文件也可以导入到 GenBank_File 根文件夹下的任何工作文件夹中,在这种情况下,文件将自动转换为 GenBank 文件格式(详见 五种将数据导入 PhyloSuite 的方法 )。
您可以通过
文件 --> 在 NCBI 中搜索
功能从 NCBI 的核苷酸和蛋白质数据库中搜索序列。
文件-->在 NCBI 中搜索
;
Monogenea[ORGN] AND (mitochondrion[TITL] OR mitochondrial[TITL]) AND 10000:50000[SLEN]
);
GenBank_File
根文件夹下的工作文件夹将以 GenBank 格式下载序列,而选择
Other_File
根文件夹下的工作文件夹将以 FASTA 格式下载序列;
下载
按钮开始下载。
GenBank 文件的格式如下所示(有关详细的 GenBank 格式,请访问 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Sitemap/samplerecord.html ):
FEATURES Location/Qualifiers source[ Feature ] 1..5028 /organism[ Qualifier ] ="Saccharomyces cerevisiae[ Value or Name ]" /db_xref[ Qualifier ] ="taxon:4932[ Value or Name ]" /chromosome[ Qualifier ]="IX[ Value or Name ]" /map[ Qualifier ] ="9[ Value or Name ]" CDS[ Feature ] 1..206 /product[ Qualifier ] ="TCP1-beta[ Value or Name ]"
这
可以在
设置-->设置-->分类识别
中设置。
您可以定义每个
分类层级
的标识符。它支持
通配符
*
,例如,大多数科名以 “dae” 结尾,因此您可以将科分类层级定义为
*dae
。然而,在某些分类群中,层级名称不一定遵循相同的规则,例如在 Malacostraca 中,Hoplocarida 和 Peracarida 都以 “carida” 结尾,但它们分别是亚纲和总目。在这种情况下,最好使用全名作为标识符。此外,当您使用通配符时,可以排除某些术语;例如,如果您使用
*oda
来识别甲壳动物的目,则必须通过在新的 order 列中添加
-Arthropoda
来排除 Arthropoda,因为它是一个门。
可以添加或删除分类层级。例如,您可以通过
添加列
按钮添加一个
亚目
,或者通过选择任意分类层级并点击
删除列
按钮来删除它。请确保分类层级从左到右按从高到低的级别排列。您可以通过拖拽来更改分类层级的顺序。每当您更改设置时,可以通过在显示区域的右键菜单中选择
刷新表格
来更新表格。
请注意, 显示区域 (GenBank_File 工作区)中列出的每个 ID/物种 的分类谱系是从 GenBank 文件中自动识别的。如果您愿意,可以通过所选 ID/物种 的上下文(右键)菜单将其替换为来自 NCBI 分类数据库( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy )或 WoRMS 数据库( http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php )的分类数据。
GenBank 文件中有大量数据可以显示,因此 PhyloSuite 将它们分为四个部分:注释、谱系、参考文献和来源(来自 source 特征的 限定符 )。
specimen_voucher collection_date pubmed ID isolation_source country collected_by organelle mol_type strain Accessions db_xref
请注意,
谱系
和
来源
的信息是可变的。
谱系
可以配置(参见
谱系识别
)。所有 ID 的 GenBank 文件的
source
特征
中的所有限定符将作为可用选项呈现。这样,
来源
的可用选项取决于此工作文件夹中的 GenBank 文件。
此外,某些信息可以通过双击相应的单元格进行修改。例如,谱系名称可能存在一些错误,您可以在 显示区域 中更正。新名称随后将用于 GenBank 文件提取器 和其他功能。无法修改的字段是 “ID”、”长度”、”AT%”、”状态”、”日期”、”最后修改日期”、”作者”、”标题”、”期刊”、”pubmed ID”、”评论”、”关键词”、”分子类型”、”拓扑结构”、”Accessions”、”序列版本”、”来源”、”状态”。
这是
一个灵活的功能,详细信息可以在
设置-->GenBank 文件提取
中设置。
主要有三个步骤:
product
的值,同时选择提取
CDS
的限定符
gene
和
product
的值。在这种情况下,PhyloSuite 将首先搜索 CDS 的
gene
的
值/名称
,如果没有
gene
限定符,它将搜索
product
的
值/名称
(
注意限定符可以通过拖拽重新排序
)。如果在特征中找不到任何指定的限定符,在使用
GenBank 文件提取器
功能时,它将被记录在一个表格文件中,或者在使用标准化功能时被标记为错误。
名称统一
表替换上一步中搜索到的
值/名称
来统一数据集的注释。当使用
GenBank 文件提取器
或标准化功能时,如果在相应的限定符中找到 ‘旧名称’,它将被替换为 ‘新名称’。如果您希望仅提取此表中
值/名称
可用的特征(基因)子集,您可以通过勾选
仅提取这些基因
复选框来实现。此表可以导出,或从逗号分隔表 (*.csv) 导入(表下方的
导出/导入设置
功能)。有一个统一名称的便捷方法:如果您第一次没有任何设置就提取基因,将生成一个 “name_for_unification.csv” 文件,可用于设置新名称,然后导入到设置中(必须使用 “csv” 格式)。
请注意,所有特征的所有限定符的值/名称都包含在单个表中。
默认情况下,PhyloSuite 为六种数据类型(基因座)提供了设置:线粒体基因组、叶绿体基因组、通用、cox1、16S 和 18S。您可以根据需要添加更多数据类型,并通过
当前版本
按钮(左下角)在它们之间切换。允许您为每种数据类型关联不同的设置。线粒体基因组数据类型的三个特征(CDS、tRNA 和 rRNA)是固定的,因此无法删除,但可以添加新特征。如果您不确定使用哪种数据类型,可以选择
通用
,然后根据您的需要调整设置。
请参阅 https://dongzhang0725.github.io/dongzhang0725.github.io/PhyloSuite-demo/customize_extraction/ 。
对于 PhyloSuite 中实现的功能的输入文件,您可以让软件从工作区__自动检测__它们,或者您可以自己__指定输入文件__。
输入文件和功能之间的关系总结如下:
IQ-TREE concatenate_results, PartFind_results, ModelFinder_results 和比对文件 MrBayes PartFind_results, ModelFinder_results 和比对文件 ModelFinder concatenate_results 和比对文件 PartitionFinder2 concatenate_results MAFFT extract_results 和比对文件 MACSE mafft_results, extract_results 和比对文件 Gblocks MACSE_results, mafft_results, concatenate_results 和比对文件 trimAl MACSE_results, mafft_results, concatenate_results 和比对文件 HmmCleaner MACSE_results, mafft_results, concatenate_results 和比对文件 MACSE_results, mafft_results, Gblocks_results, trimAl_results, HmmCleaner_results 和比对文件 MACSE_results, mafft_results, Gblocks_results, trimAl_results, HmmCleaner_results 和比对文件
这里的比对文件指的是列在
Other_File
根文件夹中的比对文件。
结果文件夹名称请参考
输出文件
功能和默认结果文件夹:
结果文件夹 IQ-TREE IQtree_results MrBayes MrBayes_results ModelFinder ModelFinder_results PartitionFinder2 PartFind_results MAFFT mafft_results MACSE MACSE_results Gblocks Gblocks_results trimAl trimAl_results HmmCleaner HmmCleaner_results convertFmt_results concatenate_results 绘制 RSCU 图 RSCUfig_results comp_tbl_results Flowchart_reports此 功能的输入文件只能通过选择 GenBank_File 根文件夹 下的工作文件夹的 显示区域 中的 ID 来加载。关于结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
有两种提取模式,
单基因座
模式将提取整个序列但忽略注释和其他特征,适用于单基因座,如 18S、cox1 和 28S 等;
自定义
模式允许您选择或编辑希望提取的序列类型和特征(参见
GenBank 文件提取设置
)。
它能做什么:
CDS
、
tRNA
和
rRNA
特征
,此功能将从所有选定的 GenBank 文件中提取这些特征,并将它们存储在相应命名的文件夹(CDS, tRNA, rRNA)中。此外,
CDS
特征将被分成两个文件夹:’CDS_AA’ 文件夹包含从
translation
限定符
提取的氨基酸序列,而 ‘CDS_NUC’ 文件夹包含核苷酸序列。对于
线粒体基因组
版本,还有一个额外的 “self-translated_AA” 文件夹,其中包含由 PhyloSuite 从核苷酸序列(CDS)翻译而来的氨基酸序列。
请注意,一个 ID 内可能存在重复的基因,在这种情况下,PhyloSuite 将按出现顺序对重复的基因名称进行编号。例如,如果有三个
cox1
基因,那么它们将被保存为
cox1.fas
、
cox1_copy2.fas
和
cox1_copy3.fas
。此外,PhyloSuite 还提供了
解析基因重复
功能(在
参数
选项卡中可用)来自动识别和移除重复的基因。
overview.csv
),其中记录了用于提取的数据类型设置、序列中发现的所有特征、缺失的特征或限定符,以及每个物种中发现的基因。
名称统一
表的名称表。使用此表,您可以修改 ‘新名称’ 列中的名称,然后将其导入到
名称统一
表中。在首次提取基因时,此表非常有用。[
StatFiles/name_for_unification.csv
]
仅提取这些基因
且没有任何限定符值符合
名称统一
表中的名称,则这些值将被记录在
name_not_included.csv
表中。[
StatFiles/name_not_included.csv
]
ITOL 数据集
复选框将被激活)
谱系颜色
中指定。如果您没有为所有分类单元选择颜色,PhyloSuite 将为剩余的分类单元随机分配颜色。要添加或移除谱系,请点击
配置
按钮(参见
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0181699
中的图 1)。[
itolFiles/[itol_xxx_ColourStrip.txt | itol_xxx_Text.txt | itol_xxx_Colour.txt]
]
基因顺序显示
功能进行修改。在此步骤中,您还可以选择要可视化的 NCRs(如果您已在
标准化
步骤中设置了 PhyloSuite 来识别和提取它们,包括设置大小阈值)(参见
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-018-1249-3
中的图 6)。[
files/itol_gene_order.txt,线粒体基因组版本
]
在
自定义
菜单中,您可以选择在
GenBank 文件提取设置
中预设的数据类型。在
谱系
菜单中,您可以选择在结果中包含哪些谱系。关于序列的名称,用户可以通过
名称类型
功能自定义,其中 ID、organism、科、纲、isolate、strain 等都是可用的。
提取
,序列将自动导入;
线粒体基因组
数据类型);
关于自定义提取,请参阅
自定义提取
关于综合演示,请参阅
多基因教程
和
单基因教程
。关于如何使用生成的 iTOL 数据集,请参阅
系统发育树注释
。
关于 MAFFT 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分。关于 MAFFT 的输入文件,请参阅 输入文件 部分。 请注意,输入文件应为 FASTA 格式。 关于 MAFFT 的结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
PhyloSuite 使 MAFFT 能够使用同一组参数__批量运行多个文件__,这意味着您可以同时将多个文件输入到 MAFFT 中。PhyloSuite 为 MAFFT 提供了三种比对模式:
当使用密码子模式进行比对时,如果存在内部终止密码子,PhyloSuite 将弹出一个警告窗口。如果您了解此问题,可以忽略它并继续比对(选择‘忽略’),否则终止比对并检查问题(选择‘是’)。
-adjustdirection
可以自动调整某些序列的方向(即反向互补)。其他参数也可用,例如
比对策略
、
导出格式
和
线程
等。
输入文件并设置参数后,您可以点击
开始
按钮启动程序。可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。程序完成后,
MAFFT
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\MAFFT\mtDNA_36_genes\CDS_NUC’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->MAFFT
;
密码子表
,此处为 9);
关于综合演示,请参阅 多基因教程 和 单基因教程 。关于 MAFFT 的完整手册,请访问 https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/software/manual/manual.html 。
关于 MACSE 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分。关于 MACSE 的输入文件,请参阅 输入文件 部分。 请注意,输入文件应为 FASTA 格式。 关于 MACSE 的结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
PhyloSuite 使 MACSE 能够使用同一组参数__批量运行多个文件__,这意味着您可以同时将多个文件输入到 MACSE 中。此外,还允许多核操作,允许多个文件(取决于设置的线程数)同时运行。
MACSE 有许多子程序,并且它本身已有 GUI,因此我们只将
alignSequences
和
refineAlignment
两个子程序添加到 PhyloSuite 中。我们认为这两个在弥补 MAFFT 的不足方面最适合 PhyloSuite。MACSE 的输入应该是蛋白质编码序列(用于
alignSequences
)或其他程序(例如
MAFFT
)生成的比对(用于
refineAlignment
)。关于批量处理,如果
Seq.
和
Seq_lr.
框中都有多个文件,这些文件将依次组合,例如,
Seq.
的第一个文件(-seq 1st_seq_file)将与
Seq_lr.
的第一个文件(-seq_lr 1st_seq_lr_file)组合。值得注意的是,
seq
和
seq_lr
选项必须一起使用,或者在与
Refine
(refineAlignment)结合使用时完全不使用。请注意,PhyloSuite 还在 ‘开始’ 按钮的下拉箭头中提供了
查看 | 编辑命令
功能,这为有经验的用户提供了足够的自由度来修改和添加 GUI 中未包含的参数。
特别是,由于生成的比对文件可能包含感叹号(
!
)或星号(
*
)符号(强调 MACSE 检测到的移码),这可能会导致下游分析出错。因此,PhyloSuite 会生成一个名称中包含
_removed_chars_
的附加文件,该文件将这些符号替换为
?
。
输入文件并设置参数后,您可以点击
开始
按钮启动程序。可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。程序完成后,
MACSE
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\MACSE’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->MACSE (用于 CDS)
;
Seq.
输入框中;
密码子表
;在示例中我们选择了 9);
查看 | 编辑命令
功能添加 GUI 中未包含的参数;
关于 MACSE 的完整手册,请访问 https://bioweb.supagro.inra.fr/macse/index.php?menu=intro 。
关于 trimAl 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分。关于将文件输入 trimAl,请参阅 输入文件 部分。关于 trimAl 的结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
PhyloSuite 使 trimAl 能够使用同一组参数__批量运行多个文件__,这意味着您可以同时将多个文件输入到 trimAl 中。此外,还允许多核操作,允许多个文件(取决于设置的线程数)同时运行。请注意,PhyloSuite 还在 ‘开始’ 按钮的下拉箭头中提供了
查看 | 编辑命令
功能,这为有经验的用户提供了足够的自由度来修改和添加 GUI 中未包含的参数。
如果您想将 trimAl 的结果应用于下游分析,请确保选择
fasta
作为输出格式。如果您选择
统计输出
,这些结果将保存到后缀为 “.log” 的文件中。由于输出文件扩展名
_trimAl
被下游功能识别,因此无法更改。
输入文件并设置参数后,点击
开始
按钮运行程序。您可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。
trimAl
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\trimAl_HmmCleaner’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->trimAl
;
查看 | 编辑命令
功能添加 GUI 中未包含的参数;
关于 trimAl 的完整手册,请访问 http://trimal.cgenomics.org 。
关于 HmmCleaner 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分。关于将文件输入 HmmCleaner,请参阅 输入文件 部分。关于 HmmCleaner 的结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
PhyloSuite 使 HmmCleaner 能够使用同一组参数__批量运行多个文件__,这意味着您可以同时将多个文件输入到 HmmCleaner 中。此外,还允许多核操作,允许多个文件(取决于设置的线程数)同时运行。由于 HmmCleaner 的设计限制,此程序仅适用于 Linux 和 Mac 用户。如果您想将 HmmCleaner 的结果应用于下游分析,请确保取消勾选
ali
输出格式。
输入文件并设置参数后,点击
开始
按钮运行程序。您可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。
HmmCleaner
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\trimAl_HmmCleaner’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->HmmCleaner
;
查看 | 编辑命令
功能添加 GUI 中未包含的参数;
关于 HmmCleaner 的完整手册,请访问 https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Bio-MUST-Apps-HmmCleaner/bin/HmmCleaner.pl 。
关于 Gblocks 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分。关于将文件输入 Gblocks,请参阅 输入文件 部分。 请注意,输入文件应为 FASTA 或 NBRF/PIR 格式。 关于 Gblocks 的结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
PhyloSuite 使 Gblocks 能够使用同一组参数__批量运行多个文件__,这意味着您可以同时将多个文件输入到 Gblocks 中。
保守位置的最小序列数
和
侧翼位置的最小序列数
这两个选项将在输入文件后启用。因为前者变量必须 > 序列数的一半,而后者变量必须 ≥ 前者变量的值。这两个变量的可用值将根据此规则变化。
因此,在对多个文件进行批量分析时,每个文件中的序列数必须相同。
由于默认的输出文件扩展名 ‘_gb’ 被下游功能识别,因此无法更改。
输入文件并设置参数后,点击
开始
按钮运行程序。您可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。
Gblocks
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\Gblocks\mtDNA_36_genes\CDS_NUC’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->Gblocks
;
关于 Gblocks 的完整手册,请访问 http://molevol.cmima.csic.es/castresana/Gblocks/Gblocks_documentation.html 。
关于输入文件,请参阅 输入文件 部分。允许 FASTA、PHYLIP、AXT、PAML 和 NEXUS 格式。关于结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。 请注意,输出文件的名称可以更改。
可以使用此功能将多个比对串联成一个单一的比对。首先,PhyloSuite 将扫描每个比对并收集所有序列名称,然后通过在每个比对中搜索名称来串联这些比对。如果在比对中找不到某个名称,它将被记录在 ‘missing_genes.txt’ 文件中。
可以为输出文件选择多种常见格式,例如 PHYLIP、NEXUS、AXT、PAML 和 FASTA。此外,该功能可以记录串联过程中每个基因的索引,并生成一个分区文件,该文件可用于
PartitionFinder
、
ModelFinder
、
IQ-TREE
和
MrBayes
。用户还可以选择在此分析中移除任何密码子位点(例如第三密码子位点)。
您可以通过拖拽文件重新排序来更改比对串联的顺序。
当 您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\Concatenation\mtDNA_36_genes\36_genes_NUC’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->串联序列
;
线性图
功能;
关于输入文件,请参阅 输入文件 部分。关于结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
支持 PHYLIP、NEXUS、AXT、PAML 和 FASTA 格式(输入和输出文件均支持)。此功能还支持__批量格式转换__,这意味着您可以同时输入多个文件。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\Convert_format’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
比对-->转换序列格式
;
关于 ModelFinder (IQ-TREE) 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分,关于输入比对文件请参阅 输入文件 部分(允许 FASTA、PHYLIP、NEXUS 和 CLUSTAL 格式),关于结果文件请参阅 输出文件 部分。
您可以选择提供两个额外的可选文件:一个树文件(
newick 格式
)和一个分区文件。关于分区文件的格式,请参阅
http://www.iqtree.org/doc/Advanced-Tutorial
。最方便的选项是直接使用
串联序列
(
concatenate_results
) 的结果作为 ModelFinder 的输入文件。串联的比对和分区文件将自动加载到 ModelFinder 中(参见下面的简要示例)。
PhyloSuite 为 ModelFinder 设置提供了一个附加参数:
模型用于
。此参数允许您选择一组希望测试的模型,适用于不同的系统发育程序(参见下表)。这非常有用,因为不同的算法通常使用不同的模型类型。
输入文件并设置参数后,您可以点击
开始
按钮运行程序。可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。程序完成后,
IQ-TREE
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
concatenate_results
文件夹中的一个结果(如果不可用,请参阅
此处
了解如何创建),然后在上下文菜单中选择
导入到 ModelFinder
;
数据块
(关于如何操作分区编辑器,请参阅
下文
);
查看 | 编辑命令
功能添加 GUI 中未包含的参数;
关于综合演示,请参阅 多基因教程 和 单基因教程 。关于 ModelFinder 的完整手册,请访问 http://www.iqtree.org/doc/ 和 http://iqtree.cibiv.univie.ac.at/ 。
关于 PartitionFinder2 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分,关于输入比对文件( PHYLIP 格式 )请参阅 输入文件 部分,关于结果请参阅 输出文件 部分。您也可以提供一个树文件( 可选,newick 格式 )。
使用 PartitionFinder2 最方便的方法是使用
串联序列
(
concatenate_results
) 的结果作为输入文件。串联的比对和分区文件将自动加载到 PartitionFinder2 中。
PartitionFinder2 需要一个数据块才能运行,其默认格式如下(参见
数据块
窗口):
Gene1_codon1 = 1-999\3;
Gene1_codon2 = 2-999\3;
Gene1_codon3 = 3-999\3;
Gene2 = 1000-1665;
intron = 1666-2000;
PhyloSuite 提供了一个分区编辑器功能,您可以在其中添加/删除/修改分区,并将选定的数据块转换/取消转换为密码子格式。关于如何使用此功能,请参阅 下文 。
请注意,在
命令行选项
中,
--all-states
和
--min-subset-size
仅当在
搜索
菜单中选择
kmeans
时才能使用。
搜索
菜单中的
hcluster
、
rclusterf
和
rcluster
选项以及
命令行选项
中的
--rcluster-max
和
--weights
仅当在
命令行选项
中勾选了
--raxml
时才会启用。应谨慎使用
分支长度
菜单中的
unlinked
选项,因为在使用分区结果在 MrBayes 中进行分析时,它可能会阻碍收敛(因为
unlink brlens=(all);
)。
输入文件并设置参数后,您可以启动程序(
开始
按钮),并通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。程序完成后,
PartitionFinder2
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
PhyloSuite 的一个设计特点是
串联
的输出与
PartitionFinder2
的输入之间有直接链接:
concatenate_results
文件夹中的一个结果(如果不可用,请参阅
此处
了解如何创建),然后在上下文菜单中选择
导入到 PartitionFinder2
;
数据块
(关于如何操作分区编辑器,请参阅
下文
);
关于综合演示,请参阅 多基因教程 。关于 PartitionFinder2 的完整手册,请访问 http://www.robertlanfear.com/partitionfinder/assets/Manual_v2.1.x.pdf 。
3
表示序列长度是 3 的倍数,选择一个或多个显示
3
图标的数据块(确保它们是蛋白质编码基因),然后点击
密码子模式
按钮,分区将更改为密码子模式,其中图标
1
、
2
和
3
分别对应包含该基因第一、第二和第三密码子位置的分区;
1
、
2
和
3
的基因名称,然后点击
取消密码子模式
以切换回正常的分区模式。
名称
、
起始
和
终止
列可以通过双击相应的单元格进行修改;
识别
按钮。
关于 IQ-TREE 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分;关于结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分;关于输入文件,请参阅 输入文件 部分。允许 FASTA、PHYLIP、NEXUS 和 CLUSTAL 格式。
可选地,您可以输入一个分区文件(勾选复选框)。关于分区文件的详细格式要求,请参阅
http://www.iqtree.org/doc/Advanced-Tutorial
。最方便的选项是使用
串联序列
(
concatenate_results
) 的结果作为 IQ-TREE 的输入文件:串联的比对和分区文件将自动加载到 IQ-TREE 中。类似地,当使用
PartitionFinder2
或
ModelFinder
的结果作为 IQ-TREE 的输入文件时,比对文件、分区和计算出的最佳拟合模型也将自动加载到 IQ-TREE 中。
或者,IQ-TREE 可以通过将
模型
设置为
自动
并勾选(
-m TESTNEW
)或不勾选(
-m TEST
)’FreeRate 异质性 [+R]’ 来选择最佳拟合模型并立即继续进行树重建(使用推断出的模型)。我们还使 IQ-TREE 能够批量重建系统发育树,这可用于推断超树。
输入文件并设置参数后,您可以启动程序(
开始
按钮),并通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。程序完成后,
IQ-TREE
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\IQ-TREE\mtDNA_36_genes\36_genes_NUC\normal’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
系统发育-->IQ-TREE
;
自动
,IQ-TREE 将选择最佳拟合模型并立即继续进行树重建,见上文);
分区模式
),可以通过 ‘开始’ 按钮下拉箭头中的
查看 | 编辑命令
功能添加 GUI 中未包含的参数;
IQ-TREE 可以直接使用 ModelFinder 和/或 PartitionFinder2 的输出,请参阅 多基因教程 和 单基因教程 。关于 IQ-TREE 的完整手册,请访问 http://www.iqtree.org/doc/ 和 http://iqtree.cibiv.univie.ac.at/ 。
关于 MrBayes 的安装,请参阅
插件安装
部分;关于结果文件,请参阅
输出文件
部分;关于
输入文件
,请参阅输入文件部分。
请注意,仅允许 NEXUS 格式;如果使用
自动检测
功能,比对将自动转换为 NEXUS 格式。
当使用
PartitionFinder2
或
ModelFinder
的结果作为 MrBayes 的输入文件时,比对文件和计算出的最佳拟合模型将自动加载到 MrBayes 中。
如果加载的比对文件包含命令块,您可以选择直接使用此命令块运行。
外群
和
模型
参数仅在比对加载后启用。
PhyloSuite 提供了一个编辑分区文件的窗口(通过点击
分区模型
激活),您可以在其中输入子集的名称、起始和终止位置以及该子集的最佳模型。编辑后,您可以点击
生成命令块
按钮为编辑后的分区生成相应的命令块。
有时,在完成分析后,您可能会认为结果尚未完全收敛,并希望继续分析;对于这种情况,PhyloSuite 提供了
继续先前分析
功能,允许您在设置额外的代数后继续任何分析(已完成或未完成)。
在计算汇总统计量时,有两种丢弃 MCMC 样本(非代数)的方法:您可以设置特定的样本数量(
Burnin 框
)或所有样本的比例(
Burnin 分数框
)。
共识树格式
参数控制共识树的格式,其中
简单
设置生成一个简单的共识树,其格式可被各种程序(TreeView、iTOL 等)读取;而
Figtree
设置生成一个为 FigTree 程序格式化的共识树,带有丰富的汇总统计信息。
显示 MrBayes 数据块
按钮允许您添加 GUI 中未包含的参数,或导出配置的文件并在服务器(如 CIPRES,参见简要示例)上运行。
输入文件并设置参数后,您可以导出比对和相应的命令块以单独执行 MrBayes(通过
显示 MrBayes 数据块
),或者点击
开始
按钮在 PhyloSuite 内运行程序。可以通过
显示日志
按钮查看运行日志。程序完成后,
MrBayes
的参数设置和引用将保存在
summary.txt
文件中。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\MrBayes\mtDNA_36_genes\36_genes_NUC\normal’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
input.nex
文件;
系统发育-->MrBayes
;
显示 MrBayes 数据块
,然后选择 ‘保存到文件’,将此文件上传到 CIPRES 直接运行(记住勾选
我的数据包含 MrBayes 数据块
)。
停止
按钮下拉箭头中的
停止运行并推断树
选项来实现。
继续先前分析
。
MrBayes 可以直接使用 ModelFinder 和/或 PartitionFinder2 的输出,请参阅 多基因教程 和 单基因教程 。关于 MrBayes 的完整手册,请访问 http://mrbayes.sourceforge.net/manual.php 。
使用此功能时,有几件事需要牢记:
MAFFT
和/或
MACSE
]–>[
Gblocks
或
trimAl
或
HmmCleaner
]–>
串联
–>[
ModelFinder
或
PartitionFinder
]–>[
IQ-TREE
和
MrBayes
]。
MAFFT
和
MACSE
,应使用蛋白质编码序列作为输入,并且
MAFFT
的结果随后将由
MACSE
进行优化。
串联
外,其他程序不必选择(当选择
MAFFT
、
MACSE
、
trimAl
、
HmmCleaner
或
Gblocks
时,必须保留
串联
,因为它充当连接这些程序与下游程序的桥梁,即使是单基因也是如此)。
树重建
程序可以使用
ModelFinder
或
PartitionFinder
的结果,并且它们可以并行运行。
保守位置的最小序列数
和
侧翼位置的最小序列数
选项仅在文件直接输入到
Gblocks
时才启用,因此在工作流模式下,这两个选项默认设置为最“宽松”的值(即最低值),除非
Gblocks
是工作流分析中的第一个程序,在这种情况下,您可以像通常那样设置这两个选项。
ModelFinder
和
IQ-TREE
,则
IQ-TREE
将使用
ModelFinder
计算出的最佳拟合模型;如果仅选择
ModelFinder
和
MrBayes
,则必须在
ModelFinder
的
模型用于
菜单中选择
Mrbayes
选项;最后,如果选择了
ModelFinder
、
IQ-TREE
和
MrBayes
,则
ModelFinder
的结果将仅用于
MrBayes
(因此它将使用前述说明中描述的相同设置),而
IQ-TREE
将首先执行算法内置的最佳拟合模型选择,然后进行树推断(使用
模型
菜单中的
自动
选项,相当于
-m TEST
或
-m MFP
)。
工作流
的
显示区域
中。
提示:如果您更改了工作流设置,请记住使用
添加
按钮保存它,否则它将不会被记住。关于综合演示,请参阅
多基因教程
和
单基因教程
。
此功能可以解析记录在 Microsoft Word 文档中的注释(仅支持 *.docx 扩展名)。注释 tRNA 时,应将每个 tRNA 基因的反密码子添加到基因名称的末尾(在括号中),例如:tRNA-Cys(GCA)(另请参见下图中的示例)。关于基因的名称,PhyloSuite 允许您通过
配置名称替换
按钮访问的
来自 Word 的名称
表来将名称替换为其他名称。此外,您可以为每个蛋白质编码基因定义
product
限定符
的名称,以及用于组织结构表的 tRNA 基因的缩写。
Word 文档中线粒体基因组注释示例:
包含作者和单位信息的 GenBank 提交模板文件可以
在此处
生成。来自 PhyloSuite 的几个数据集可用于生成注释部分,包括
物种
、
品系
、
谱系
等。
发布日期
参数定义您序列的发布日期。
请注意,您的计算机上应安装有 Office 套件。
当您在 PhyloSuite 根目录下时,进入 ‘example\Parse_Word_annotations’ 文件夹(如果您没有最新的示例文件夹,请从 此处 下载),
线粒体基因组-->解析注释
;
模板文件
输入框中;
物种
、
谱系
、
密码子表
等。
此功能可以比较和汇总
extract_results
文件夹下
speciesStat
子文件夹中的表格。对于组织结构表,允许进行成对相似性计算,其中调用 MAFFT 进行比对,并使用 Biopython 中的 DistanceCalculator 包计算序列的同一性。可以通过选择希望排除的行数(从顶部开始)来将表格的标题从比较中省略。关于表格示例,请参阅
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-018-1249-3
中的表 1 和
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9
中的表 2。
extract_results
文件夹(如果不可用,请参阅
此处
了解如何创建,仅限线粒体基因组数据类型);
线粒体基因组-->比较表格
;
移除
按钮移除您不感兴趣的表格;
计算成对相似性
;
extract_results
文件夹,然后进入 ‘extract_results\StatFiles\speciesStat’,选择感兴趣的文件,将它们拖放到
表格
框中,取消勾选
计算成对相似性
,然后启动程序。
关于 Rscript 的安装,请参阅 插件安装 部分,关于结果,请参阅 输出文件 部分。
此功能可以根据
extract_results/StatFiles/RSCU
文件夹下 “RSCU” 子文件夹中的表格绘制 RSCU 图。您可以通过拖拽重新排序输入文件和 x 轴上的氨基酸。关于图形示例,请参阅
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-017-2404-1
中的图 3。
extract_results
文件夹(如果不可用,请参阅
此处
了解如何创建,仅限线粒体基因组数据类型);
线粒体基因组-->绘制 RSCU 图
;
移除
按钮移除您不感兴趣的表格;
请参阅 https://dongzhang0725.github.io/PhyloSuite-demo/Molecular-dating-analysis/ 或 http://phylosuite.jushengwu.com/dongzhang0725.github.io/PhyloSuite-demo/Molecular-dating-analysis/
如果您在科学论文中使用 PhyloSuite 生成的数据,请使用以下引用:
Zhang, D., F. Gao, I. Jakovlić, H. Zou, J. Zhang, W.X. Li, and G.T. Wang, PhyloSuite: An integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. Molecular Ecology Resources, 2020. 20(1): p. 348–355. DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13096.
还请注意的是,PhyloSuite 是一个插件程序,您还应引用您在分析中使用的、非我们设计和编译的任何(及每一个)插件程序。这适用于以下插件:
MAFFT
Katoh, K., and Standley, D.M. (2013). MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 30, 772-780.
MACSE
Ranwez V, Douzery EJP, Cambon C, Chantret N, Delsuc F. 2018. MACSE v2: Toolkit for the alignment of coding sequences accounting for frameshifts and stop codons. Mol Biol Evol. 35: 2582-2584. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msy159.
Gblocks
Talavera, G., and Castresana, J. (2007). Improvement of phylogenies after removing divergent and ambiguously aligned blocks from protein sequence alignments. Syst Biol 56, 564-577.
trimAl
Capella-Gutierrez S, Silla-Martinez JM, Gabaldon T. 2009. trimAl: a tool for automated alignment trimming in large-scale phylogenetic analyses. Bioinformatics. 25: 1972-1973. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp348.
HmmCleaner
Di Franco A, Poujol R, Baurain D, Philippe H. 2019. Evaluating the usefulness of alignment filtering methods to reduce the impact of errors on evolutionary inferences. BMC Evol Biol. 19: 21. doi: 10.1186/s12862-019-1350-2.
IQ-TREE
Nguyen, L.T., Schmidt, H.A., von Haeseler, A., and Minh, B.Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Mol Biol Evol 32, 268-274.
PartitionFinder2
Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P.B., Wright, A.M., Senfeld, T., and Calcott, B. (2017). PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Mol Biol Evol 34, 772-773.
MrBayes
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M.A., and Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012). MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Syst Biol 61, 539-542.
对于其余功能,我们主要使用自己的 Python 代码,使用 Python 3.6.7 和 PyQT5 编写。某些功能使用了 Biopython 包,例如从 GenBank 文件中提取特征,这是使用 SeqIO 模块进行的。
Cock, P.J., Antao, T., Chang, J.T., Chapman, B.A., Cox, C.J., Dalke, A., Friedberg, I., Hamelryck, T., Kauff, F., Wilczynski, B., et al. (2009). Biopython: freely available Python tools for computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. Bioinformatics 25, 1422-1423.
在极少数情况下,用户在更新 PhyloSuite 时可能会遇到错误。因为这可能导致您丢失一些设置和配置,这里我们将演示如何将您的设置和插件恢复到更新前的状态。
PhyloSuite_xxx_Win.rar
,而不是安装程序文件。
解压包,选择并复制所有文件,转到 PhyloSuite 的安装路径,打开
PhyloSuite
文件夹,将复制的文件直接粘贴到此文件夹中(如果提示,请确认您希望替换同名的文件)。
打开 PhyloSuite,您应该会发现您正在运行更新后的版本,并且您以前的设置已被保留。
如果 PhyloSuite 执行失败,请首先尝试关闭您的杀毒软件。
有时 MrBayes 会立即完成,但不报告错误。通常您可以尝试在终端中执行 MrBayes 来查找问题:
如果您在 Windows 中遇到 ‘msvcr120.dll 丢失’ 错误,您可以通过 此解决方案 进行修复。
对于其他问题,请在网站上搜索
错误代码
。
如果 PhyloSuite 变得越来越卡顿,这可能是由于工作区中的数据不断增加造成的。要解决此问题,您应该创建一个新的工作区。通常,PhyloSuite 鼓励用户创建多个工作区来保存他们的工作。
/usr/bin/awk: 无法执行二进制文件
-gt: 需要一元运算符
选项:检查源文件
请尝试以下步骤:
mafft.bat
文件指定为可执行文件。
对于MAC用户,如果遇到
安全性/隐私问题
或
Apple无法验证“某某文件”
问题,可尝试使用以下命令解决:
1 |
sudo xattr -rd [PhyloSuite_installation_path]/PhyloSuite |