验证器和异步验证器。
动态指定验证器。条件改变验证方式改变。
自定义FormControl。用于表单过于复杂之后,逻辑难以理清楚。把复杂问题拆成若干简单问题永远是万能钥匙。
用于简化form表单自己的逻辑。
一、登录表单
多个validators:
Validators.compose([Validators.required, Validators.email])返回ValidatorFn。
动态指定validator:
一开始可以不指定validator,在某些条件下动态指定validator:
this.form.controls['email'].setValidators(this.validate);
查看errors:
<mat-error>{{form.controls['email'].errors | json}}</mat-error>
<form [formGroup]="form" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit(form,$event)">
<mat-card class="example-card">
<mat-card-header>
<mat-card-title>登录:</mat-card-title>
</mat-card-header>
<mat-card-content>
<mat-form-field class="example-full-width" class="full-width">
<input type="text" formControlName="email" matInput placeholder="您的email" style="text-align: right">
<mat-error>{{form.controls['email'].errors | json}}</mat-error>
</mat-form-field>
<mat-form-field class="example-full-width" class="full-width">
<input type="password" formControlName="password" matInput placeholder="您的密码" style="text-align: right">
</mat-form-field>
<button mat-raised-button type="submit" color="primary" [disabled]="!form.valid">登录</button>
</mat-card-content>
<mat-card-actions class="text-right">
<p>还没有账户?<a routerLink="/register">注册</a></p>
<p>忘记密码?<a href="">找回</a></p>
</mat-card-actions>
</mat-card>
<mat-card class="example-card">
<mat-card-header>
<mat-card-title>每日佳句</mat-card-title>
<mat-card-subtitle>满足感在于不断的努力,而不是现有成就。全心努力定会胜利满满。</mat-card-subtitle>
</mat-card-header>
<img mat-card-image src="/assets/images/quote_fallback.jpg" alt="">
<mat-card-content>
Satisfaction lies in the effort, not in the attainment. Full effort is full victory.
</mat-card-content>
</mat-card>
</form>
View Code
export class LoginComponent implements OnInit {
form: FormGroup;
constructor(private fb: FormBuilder) {
// this.form = new FormGroup({
// email: new FormControl("wang@163.com", Validators.compose([Validators.required, Validators.email])),
// password: new FormControl("",Validators.required),
// })
//formBuilder不需要显示的new FormControl
this.form = this.fb.group({
email: ["wang@163.com", Validators.compose([Validators.required, Validators.email, this.validate]) ],
password:["",Validators.required]
ngOnInit(): void {
onSubmit(form: FormGroup, event: Event) {
event.preventDefault();
console.log(JSON.stringify(form.value));
console.log(form.valid);
validate(c:FormControl):{[key:string]:any} | null{
if(!c.value){
return null;
const pattern=/^wang+/;
if(pattern.test(c.value)){
return null;
}else{
return {
emailNotValid: 'The email must start with wang'
View Code
二、封装自定义表单控件
把注册表单中的图片列表抽成一个独立组件。
ng g c shared/image-list-select生成组件
实现ControlValueAccessor接口。实现writeValue(),registerOnChange()和registerOnTouched()
定义一个providers,令牌NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR和NG_VALIDATORS。用useExisting加forwardRef。并且设置multi为true。
在image-list-select中可以放开的属性有很多,有没有必要一一放开?需要权衡。
如果想要充分的自由度的话,可以用transclude嵌入组件<ng-content></ng-content>。
在image-list-select中隔离封装,放开有限的属性。
<span>{{title}}</span>
<mat-icon class="avatar" [svgIcon]="selected" *ngIf="useSvgIcon else imgSelect"> </mat-icon>
<ng-template #imgSelect>
<img [src]="selected" alt="image selected" class="cover">
</ng-template>
</div>
<div class="scroll-container">
<mat-grid-list [cols]="cols" [rowHeight]="rowHight">
<mat-grid-tile *ngFor="let item of items; let i = index">
<div class="image-container" (click)="onChange(i)">
<mat-icon class="avatar" [svgIcon]="item" *ngIf="useSvgIcon else imgItem"></mat-icon>
<ng-template #imgItem>
<img [src]="item" alt="image item" [ngStyle]="{'width': itemWidth}">
</ng-template>
<div class="after">
<div class="zoom">
<mat-icon>checked</mat-icon>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</mat-grid-tile>
</mat-grid-list>
</div>
View Code
import { Component, forwardRef, Input, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { ControlValueAccessor, FormControl, NG_VALIDATORS, NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR } from '@angular/forms';
@Component({
selector: 'app-image-list-select',
templateUrl: './image-list-select.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./image-list-select.component.scss'],
providers: [
provide: NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR,
useExisting: forwardRef(() => ImageListSelectComponent),
multi: true
provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
useExisting: forwardRef(() => ImageListSelectComponent),
multi: true
export class ImageListSelectComponent implements ControlValueAccessor {
@Input() title = "选择"
@Input() cols = 6;
@Input() rowHight = '64px'
@Input() items: string[] = [];
@Input() useSvgIcon: boolean = false;
@Input() itemWidth = '80px';
selected: string = '';
constructor() { }
private propagateChange = (_: any) => { };
//写值,设置控件的值form中setValue设置初始值,通过表单控件的writeValue方法设值。
writeValue(obj: any): void {
this.selected = obj;
//控件view发生变化,把变化emit给表单
registerOnChange(fn: any): void {
this.propagateChange = fn;
//什么状态算touched,告诉表单
registerOnTouched(fn: any): void {
onChange(i: number) {
this.selected = this.items[i];
this.propagateChange(this.selected); //变化通知表单
validate(c: FormControl): { [key: string]: any } | null {
return this.selected ? null : {
imageListInvalid: {
valid: false
View Code
1,UI布局
图片鼠标划过去如果没有任何反应,用户会无法感知到有没有选中,所以
<div class="image-container" (click)="onChange(i)">
<mat-icon class="avatar" [svgIcon]="avator"></mat-icon>
<div class="after">
<div class="zoom">
<mat-icon>checked</mat-icon>
</div>
</div>
</div>
让组件既处理icon又处理图片。用useSvgIcon控制,通过条件子句判断。
<mat-icon class="" [svgIcon]="selected" *ngIf="useSvgIcon else imgSelect"> </mat-icon>
<ng-template #imgSelect></ng-template>
list太多支持滚动。包在.scroll-container容器中。
.scroll-container {
overflow-y: scroll;
height: 200px;
2,实现表单控件
可以通过 formContrlName来操作
实现ControlValueAccessor接口。
private propagateChange = (_: any) => { };
//写值,设置控件的值form中setValue设置初始值,通过表单控件的writeValue方法设值。
writeValue(obj: any): void {
this.selected = obj;
//控件view发生变化,把变化emit给表单
registerOnChange(fn: any): void {
this.propagateChange = fn;
//什么状态算touched,告诉表单
registerOnTouched(fn: any): void {
throw new Error('Method not implemented.');
onChange(i: number) {
this.selected = this.items[i];
this.propagateChange(this.selected); //变化通知表单
providers中定义自己的provider,把自己注册进去。
包括NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR和NG_VALIDATORS。
providers: [
provide: NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR,
useExisting: forwardRef(() => ImageListSelectComponent),
multi: true
provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
useExisting: forwardRef(() => ImageListSelectComponent),
multi: true
validate(c: FormControl): { [key: string]: any } | null {
return this.selected ? null : {
imageListInvalid: {
valid: false
3,调用/使用
在sharedModule中导出ImageListSelectComponent。
<app-image-list-select
[useSvgIcon]="true"
[cols]="6"
[title]="'选择头像:'"
[items]="items"
formControlName="avatar">
</app-image-list-select>