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Code  ›  Springboot2 - PowerMock - 单元测试_unable to instrument file_罗小爬EX的博客
slf4j logback logback配置 powermock
https://blog.csdn.net/luo15242208310/article/details/100098274
另类的蚂蚁
1 年前
org.powermock     powermock-module-junit4     2.0.0     test     org.powermock     powermock-api-mockito2     2.0.0     test

2.单元测试公共基础类

纯PowerMock测试（不加载SpringContext） 

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PowerMockIgnore;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
 * PowerMock测试基类
 * @author luohq
 * @date 2018/6/20.
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)  //使用PowerMockRunner运行时
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*"}) //忽略一些mock异常
public class BasePowerMock {

PowerMock+Springboot测试（重复加载SpringContext） 
 
 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PowerMockIgnore;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunnerDelegate;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
 * PowerMock测试基类
 * @author luohq
 * @date 2018/6/20.
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.net.ssl.*", "javax.management.*", "javax.crypto.*"})
@SpringBootTest
public class BasePowerMock {

3.具体单元测试
 

纯PowerMock测试（不加载SpringContext） 
 
 
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.BasePowerMock;
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.model.vo.battery.BatteryPackPageVo;
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.service.BatteryPackService;
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.util.MxHttpRespUtility;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
 * 电池Controller - 单元测试
 * @Ahthor luohq
 * @Date 2019-08-27
public class BatteryControllerTest extends BasePowerMock {
    @Mock
    private BatteryPackService batteryPackService;
    @InjectMocks
    private BatteryController batteryController = new BatteryController();
    @Test
    public void getBatteryList() {
        /** 构造参数 */
        BatteryPackPageVo batteryPackPageVo = new BatteryPackPageVo();
        batteryPackPageVo.setPage(1);
        batteryPackPageVo.setRows(10);
        batteryPackPageVo.setOemId("300505");
        /** 录制mock操作 */
        when(batteryPackService.listPage(any()))
                .thenReturn(new ArrayList<>())
                .thenThrow(new RuntimeException("测试异常"));
        /** 执行操作 */
        //（1）执行mock查询操作
        Object result = batteryController.getBatteryList(batteryPackPageVo);
        assertTrue(MxHttpRespUtility.isSuccessResp(result));
        //（2）执行mock操作，抛出异常
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(batteryController,  "batteryPackService", batteryPackService);
        result = batteryController.getBatteryList(batteryPackPageVo);
        assertTrue(!MxHttpRespUtility.isSuccessResp(result));
        verify(batteryPackService, times(2)).listPage(batteryPackPageVo);

PowerMock+Springboot测试（加载SpringContext）  
 
 
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.BasePowerMock;
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.model.vo.battery.BatteryPackPageVo;
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.service.BatteryPackService;
import com.mx.service.vehicle.parts.util.MxHttpRespUtility;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
 * 电池Controller - 单元测试
 * @Ahthor luohq
 * @Date 2019-08-27
public class BatteryControllerTest2 extends BasePowerMock {
    @Mock
    private BatteryPackService batteryPackService;
    @Resource
    private BatteryController batteryController;
    @Test
    public void getBatteryList() {
        /** 构造参数 */
        BatteryPackPageVo batteryPackPageVo = new BatteryPackPageVo();
        batteryPackPageVo.setPage(1);
        batteryPackPageVo.setRows(10);
        batteryPackPageVo.setOemId("300505");
        /** 录制mock操作 */
        when(batteryPackService.listPage(any()))
                .thenThrow(new RuntimeException("测试异常"));
        /** 执行操作 */
        //（1）执行实际查询操作
        Object result = batteryController.getBatteryList(batteryPackPageVo);
        assertTrue(MxHttpRespUtility.isSuccessResp(result));
        //（2）执行mock操作，抛出异常
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(batteryController,  "batteryPackService", batteryPackService);
        result = batteryController.getBatteryList(batteryPackPageVo);
        assertTrue(!MxHttpRespUtility.isSuccessResp(result));
        verify(batteryPackService, times(1)).listPage(batteryPackPageVo);

4.生成cobertura测试覆盖率报告
 

maven插件
 
 
<build>
     <finalName>dev_web_template</finalName>
     <plugins>
         <plugin>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
 
 
        <plugin>
             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
             <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
             <!-- 默认3.8，回退到3.6.1，否则报异常： -->
             <!-- Unable to instrument file .../someClass.class -->
             <!-- java.lang.RuntimeException -->
             <!-- at org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor.visitParameter(Unknown Source) -->
             <version>3.6.1</version>
             <configuration>
                 <source>1.8</source>
                 <target>1.8</target>
             </configuration>
         </plugin>
 
 
    </plugins>
 
 
</build>
 
 
<reporting>
     <plugins>
         <plugin>
             <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
             <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
             <version>2.7</version>
         </plugin>
     </plugins>
 </reporting>
 

执行mvn cobertura:cobertura
 在target目录下：target->site->cobertura->index.html
 通过浏览器查看该index.html文件，即可得到统计结果：
 

注：在使用cobertura进行springboot测试时，由于springboot项目中排除了对logback的依赖，引入了log4j框架，在执行cobertura命令时，springboot上下文环境一直启动不起来，报如下错误：
 
 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.1:test (default-test) @ dev-springboot-template ---
 [INFO] 
 [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
 [INFO]  T E S T S
 [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
 [INFO] Running com.mx.server.dev.TestServiceTest
 SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
 SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/maven_reposity/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.11.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
 SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/maven_reposity/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.3/logback-classic-1.2.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
 SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
 SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
 2019-08-27 19:21:57.737 ERROR [main][TestContextManager.java:250] - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@7a8fa663] to prepare test instance [com.mx.server.dev.TestServiceTest@5ce33a58]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
     ......
 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath. Either remove Logback or the competing implementation (class org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory loaded from file:/D:/maven_reposity/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.11.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.2.jar). If you are using WebLogic you will need to add 'org.slf4j' to prefer-application-packages in WEB-INF/weblogic.xml: org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory
     ......
 [ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.005 s <<< FAILURE! - in com.mx.server.dev.TestServiceTest
 [ERROR] testSayHi(com.mx.server.dev.TestServiceTest)  Time elapsed: 0.001 s  <<< ERROR!
 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath. Either remove Logback or the competing implementation (class org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory loaded from file:/D:/maven_reposity/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.11.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.2.jar). If you are using WebLogic you will need to add 'org.slf4j' to prefer-application-packages in WEB-INF/weblogic.xml: org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory
  
 

问题分析：
 

虽然springboot依赖中已显式排除掉了对logback的依赖（如下），
 
 
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
       <!--删除logback配置-->
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
</dependency>
 <!--集成log4j2-->
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
</dependency>
 

但是plugin中cobertura-maven-plugin中引入了logback依赖（cobertura-maven-plugin->cobertura 2.1.1->logback）；
 

解决方法：
 

在dependencyManagement中显式声明cobertura，并删除其依赖的logback-classic;
 
 
<dependencyManagement>
   <dependencies>
      <!-- 删除依赖cobertura-maven-plugin->cobertura 2.1.1->logback -->
      <!-- 解决执行cobertura:cobertura 日志加载失败（logback, log4j冲突）问题 -->
      <dependency>
         <groupId>net.sourceforge.cobertura</groupId>
         <artifactId>cobertura</artifactId>
         <version>2.1.1</version>
         <scope>test</scope>
         <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
               <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
               <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
         </exclusions>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

5.多module统一报告
 

结合Ant，参考链接：http://www.thinkcode.se/blog/2012/02/18/test-coverage-in-a-multi-module-maven-project

                    1.添加maven依赖&lt;dependency&gt;  &lt;groupId&gt;org.powermock&lt;/groupId&gt;  &lt;artifactId&gt;powermock-module-junit4&lt;/artifactId&gt;  &lt;version&gt;2.0.0&lt;/version&gt;  &lt;sco...
        <groupId>org.scala-tools</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-scala-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.15.2</version>
        <execut
项目环境：springmvc, spring, hibernate
事情是这样的，项目在启动时需要启动一个线程，执行扫描任务，因为不是例行性任务，所以不考虑quartz，要完成这个功能，可以有多种实现方法，比如：
1. 自定义监听器
public class StartupListener implements ServletContextListener {
  publ...
				
SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator 是SQLExceptionTranslator 的默认实现。该实现使用指定数据库厂商的error code，比采用SQLState 更精确。转换过程基于一个JavaBean （ 类型为SQLErrorCodes ） 中的error code 。这个JavaBean 由SQLErrorCodesFactory 工厂类创建，其中的内容来自于“sql-error-codes.xml”配置
				
PowerMockito是一个用于Java单元测试的工具，它可以用来测试私有方法。使用PowerMockito的方法是在测试类上使用@PowerMock注解，并在测试方法中使用PowerMockito.spy()来创建被测试类的spy对象，然后使用PowerMockito.when()来指定私有方法的返回值或执行其他操作。
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(MyClass.class)
public class MyClassTest {
    @Test
    public void testPrivateMethod() throws Exception {
        MyClass myClass = PowerMockito.spy(new MyClass());
        PowerMockito.when(myClass, "privateMethod").thenReturn("Hello PowerMockito");
        String result = myClass.publicMethod();
        assertEquals("Hello PowerMockito", result);
请注意，使用PowerMockito进行单元测试可能会使测试变得复杂和难以维护，因此在使用PowerMockito之前需要谨慎考虑。
 
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