【摘要】 旅游地阴影遮蔽是普遍存在的客观现象。旅游地阴影遮蔽的效应也可清晰的反映在人们的主观意象当中。但旅游地阴影遮蔽的客观空间表现规律却是难以可视化或者量化。因此,研究旅游地阴影遮蔽的类型、效应与空间特征,对旅游地阴影遮蔽理论的构建,以及旅游地的持续经营与协调发展有积极意义。论文以中心地理论、区位论、增长极理论及生态位理论为指导,从旅游客体,即旅游地的视角出发,采用线性加权求和、加权Voronoi、核密度分析、标准差椭圆等方法研究了江苏省的世界遗产与A级景区的阴影遮蔽可视化、特点、效应与模式。研究表明,我国世界遗产类别齐全,数量丰富,以世界文化遗产为主。空间上,主要分布在华北地区、西南地区和中部地区,有四个省级行政区暂无世界遗产;数量上,规定1987-2002年为前期,2002-2018年为后期,则呈现前期多后期少且中间断层的特点。我国3A级以上旅游景区呈现出团块状或片状分布,地区分布差异明显。在数量和等级上呈现出东部地区和中部地区分布较多,西部地区分布较少。旅游景区和世界遗产的分布重心都集中在东部地区。旅游地阴影遮蔽的本质成因是市场之间的竞争,主要体现在旅游需求、旅游供给、地域背景和旅游环境四者之间相互影响、相互作用,即旅游主体、旅游客体、旅游载体和旅游介体之间的影响和作用。竞争的本质是不同旅游供给和综合影响值之间的博弈,强弱旅游景区之间会产生不同的影响范围,范围的空间关系就是阴影遮蔽的直接表现。旅游地阴影遮蔽具有普遍性、依附性和空间转换性。江苏省世界遗产与景区分布极不平衡,空间呈现三个梯度。通过借鉴引力修正模型和旅游景区影响力的旅游者出游意愿、旅游景区日最大承载量、交通通达度、时空距离等相关指标,利用熵值法测算指标权重,使用加权Voronoi图,使江苏省世界遗产和A级景区的旅游地阴影遮蔽范围可视化。总体上阴影遮蔽程度苏南最高,苏北次之,苏中最弱。旅游地的等级与其形成的遮蔽范围呈正相关。遮蔽范围的异常值往往出现在低级别景区。遮蔽半径随景区等级递减,等级越低半径差距越小。世界遗产的阴影遮蔽半径是5A级旅游景区遮蔽半径的2倍,5A级旅游景区的阴影遮蔽半径是4A级旅游景区阴影遮蔽半径的2倍;4A级旅游景区的阴影遮蔽半径总体大于3A级旅游景区的阴影遮蔽半径,但二者差距不大。遮蔽关系呈现“大遮小、高遮低”的多级嵌套特点。区域景区密度越大,旅游地阴影遮蔽范围越广。行政区划对旅游地阴影遮蔽范围影响较弱。旅游地阴影遮蔽在空间范围上分为全遮蔽、半遮蔽和不遮蔽三种类型;在旅游景区、旅游者和旅游地地相关内容上,分为资源要素遮蔽、区位条件遮蔽和旅游形象遮蔽;从旅游地数量上分为单体遮蔽、单多体遮蔽和多体遮蔽三种类型。江苏省旅游地阴影遮蔽具有斑块遮蔽模式、廊道遮蔽模式和嵌套遮蔽模式。对江苏省旅游地阴影遮蔽的成因进行研究,发现阴影遮蔽是旅游地客源市场竞争的结果和空间表现;时空距离及相对地理位置是阴影遮蔽产生的客观条件;旅游主体的偏好和特征是旅游地阴影遮蔽产生的主观条件;旅游客体的吸引力是形成旅游地阴影遮蔽的基础动力;旅游介体的趋利性强化了旅游地阴影遮蔽效应。 更多 还原

【Abstract】 The shadow of tourism is a ubiquitous objective phenomenon.The effect of shadows in tourist destinations can also be clearly reflected in people’s subjective images.However,the objective spatial representation of shadows in tourist destinations is difficult to visualize or quantify.Therefore,studying the types,effects and spatial characteristics of shadow shading in tourist destinations has positive significance for the construction of shadow shading theory of tourism destinations,as well as the sustainable operation and coordinated development of tourism destinations.Guided by central theory,location theory,growth pole theory and niche theory,the thesis uses linear weighted summation,weighted Voronoi,nuclear density analysis,standard deviation ellipse and other methods from the perspective of tourism object,namely tourism destination.The shadows,visualizations,features,effects and patterns of the world heritage and A-level scenic spots in Jiangsu Province.Studies have shown that China’s World Heritage category is complete and abundant,with a focus on world cultural heritage.In terms of space,it is mainly distributed in North China,Southwest China and Central China.There are four provincial-level administrative regions with no World Heritage.In terms of quantity,1987-2002 is the pre-existing period,and in 2002-2018,it is the late period.Less" and the characteristics of the middle fault.China’s tourist attractions above 3A level show a mass or patchy distribution,and the regional distribution is obviously different.In terms of quantity and grade,there are more distributions in the eastern and central regions,and less distribution in the western regions.The distribution of tourist attractions and world heritage sites is concentrated in the eastern region.The essence of shadows in tourist destinations is the market competition between tourist attractions or heritage sites,which is mainly reflected in the interaction and interaction between tourism demand,tourism supply,regional background and tourism environment,namely tourism subject and tourist object.The influence and role of tourism carriers and tourism mediators.The essence of competition is the game between different tourism supply and comprehensive influence value.The strong and weak tourist attractions will have different influence ranges,and the spatial relationship of the scope is the direct expression of shadow shading.Shadows of tourist destinations are universal,dependent and spatially transformative.The distribution of world heritage and scenic spots in Jiangsu Province is extremely uneven,showing three gradients.By referring to the gravitational correction model and the influence of tourist attractions,the maximum carrying capacity of the scenic spot,the traffic accessibility,the time and space distance and other related indicators,the entropy method is used to measure the index weights,and the weighted Voronoi diagram is used to make the world of Jiangsu Province The shades of the tourist sites in the heritage and A-level scenic spots are visualized.In general,the degree of shadow shading is the highest in southern Jiangsu,followed by Northern Jiangsu,and the weakest in Suzhong.The level of the tourist destination is positively related to the extent of its formation.Outliers in the shadow range often appear in low-level scenic spots.The masking radius decreases with the level of the scenic spot.The lower the level,the smaller the radius gap.The shading radius of the World Heritage Site is twice the shadow radius of the 5A-level tourist scenic spot,and the shadow shading radius of the 5A-level tourist scenic spot is twice the shadow shading radius of the 4A-level tourist scenic spot;the shadow shading radius of the 4A-class tourist scenic spot is generally greater than the 3A-level tourist The shadow of the scenic area shades the radius,but the difference between the two is small.The shadow relationship presents a multi-level nesting feature of "large cover,high cover".The greater the density of the regional scenic spots,the wider the shadow of the tourist destination.Administrative divisions have a weaker impact on the shadows of tourist destinations.The shades of tourist destinations are divided into three types: full-shadow,semi-shadow and non-shadow;in the tourist attractions,tourists and tourist destinations,they are divided into resource elements,location conditions and tourist image;From the number of tourist sites,there are three types: single masking,single multi-body shielding and multi-body shielding.The shading of tourist spots in Jiangsu Province has a plaque shading mode,a corridor shading mode and a nested shading mode.The study on the causes of shadow shading in Jiangsu Province shows that shadow shading is the result of competition and spatial representation of tourist source market.Time and space distance and relative geographical position are objective conditions for shadow shading.The preference and characteristics of tourism subject are tourism.The subjective conditions caused by the shadow of the earth;the attraction of the tourist object is the basic driving force for the shadow of the tourist destination;the profitability of the tourism mediator enhances the shadow shadowing effect of the tourist site. 更多 还原