C++ Linux网络编程＜sys/socket.h＞的文档_应龙与巨蜥的博客

想在Linux环境下学习C++ 网络编程的知识，需要用到<sys/socket.h>库，使用VScode能看到源代码，但是想更深入的了解各个参数的详细信息。

/* Create a new socket of type TYPE in domain DOMAIN, using
   protocol PROTOCOL.  If PROTOCOL is zero, one is chosen automatically.
   Returns a file descriptor for the new socket, or -1 for errors.  */
extern int socket (int __domain, int __type, int __protocol) __THROW;

但是在cppreference以及cplusplus中没有找到。

http://cplusplus.com/

https://en.cppreference.com/w/

科学上网。使用Google搜索找到了想要的文档，网址如下：

https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xns/syssocket.h.html

其中找到了socket函数的详细用法如下：

补充：又发现一种更简单的查看socket函数的方法，直接在命令行输入 man 加函数名即可

1、复制内核工具链到家目录R:\sogou\toolchain rootroot@rootroot-E400:~$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~$ cd wyb/r16_tinav2.1/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1$ cd prebuilt/gcc/ linux -x86/arm/toolchain-sunxi/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1/prebuilt/gcc/ linux -x86/arm/toolchain-sunxi$ cp toolchain/ ~/sogou/ -r rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1/prebuilt/gcc/ linux -x86/arm/toolchain-sunxi$ tar zcvf toolchain.tar.gz toolchain/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1/prebuilt/gcc/ linux -x86/arm/toolchain-sunxi$ cp toolchain.tar.gz ~/sogou/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1/prebuilt/gcc/ linux -x86/arm/toolchain-sunxi$ cd ~/sogou/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/sogou$ tar zxvf toolchain.tar.gz 2、添加环境变量，在/etc/profile最后一行添加如下一句（需要root权限）： export PATH="$PATH:/home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/bin" export STAGING_DIR="$PATH:/home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain" .bashrc的最后输入： export PATH="$PATH:/home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/bin" export STAGING_DIR="$PATH:/home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain" 3、输入arm-openwrt- linux -gcc -v检查是否可用（确认环境变量是否配置正确） rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/sogou$ arm-openwrt- linux -gcc -v Reading specs from /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-openwrt- linux -muslgnueabi/5.2.0/specs COLLECT_GCC=arm-openwrt- linux -muslgnueabi-gcc.bin COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-openwrt- linux -muslgnueabi/5.2.0/lto-wrapper Target: arm-openwrt- linux -muslgnueabi Configured with: /home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/azalea-perf3/compile_dir/toolchain/gcc-5.2.0/configure --with-bugurl=https://dev.openwrt.org/ --with-pkgversion='OpenWrt GCC 5.2.0 70-1-1' --prefix=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/azalea-perf3/staging_dir/toolchain --build=x86_64- linux -gnu --host=x86_64- linux -gnu --target=arm-openwrt- linux -muslgnueabi --with-gnu-ld --enable-target-optspace --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap --disable-multilib --disable-nls --without-isl --without-cloog --with-host-libstdcxx=-lstd c++ --with-gmp=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/host --with-mpfr=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/host --with-mpc=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/host --disable-decimal-float --with-diagnostics-color=auto-if-env --disable-libssp --enable-__cxa_atexit --with-arch=armv7-a --with-float=hard --with-headers=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/azalea-perf3/staging_dir/toolchain/include --disable-libsanitizer --enable-languages=c, c++ --enable-shared --enable-threads --with-slibdir=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/azalea-perf3/staging_dir/toolchain/lib --enable-lto --with-libelf=/home/caiyongheng/tina_test/out/host Thread model: posix gcc version 5.2.0 (OpenWrt GCC 5.2.0 70-1-1) rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/sogou$ 4、创建工程目录record，在其中创建include、obj、lib、doc目录 5、所需的alsa头文件在R:\wyb\r16_tinav2.1\package\allwinner\liballwinner\LIBRARY\EXTERNAL\include\alsa，将其复制到工程目录中的include中 rootroot@rootroot-E400:~$ cd wyb/r16_tinav2.1/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1$ cd package/allwinner/liballwinner/LIBRARY/EXTERNAL/include/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1/package/allwinner/liballwinner/LIBRARY/EXTERNAL/include$ cp alsa/ ~/sogou/record/include/ -r rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/r16_tinav2.1/package/allwinner/liballwinner/LIBRARY/EXTERNAL/include$ 6、所需的so文件是R:\wyb\r16_tinav2.1\out\astar-parrot\staging_dir\target\usr\lib\libasound.so.2.0.0，将其复制到lib中，并改名为libasound.so 7、编辑record.c和Makefile Makefile文件的内容： CC=arm-openwrt- linux -g++ #CC=g++ DIR_OBJ=./obj DIR_INCLUDE=./include OBJ=record.o record:$(OBJ) $(CC) $(DIR_OBJ)/* -L./lib -lasound -o $@ %.o:%.c $(CC) -c $< -I$(DIR_INCLUDE) -o $(DIR_OBJ)/$@ clean: rm -f record $(DIR_OBJ)/* make clean rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/sogou/record$ make clean rm -f record ./obj/* rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/sogou/record$ make arm-openwrt- linux -g++ -c record.c -I./include -o ./obj/record.o In file included from ./include/alsa/asoundlib.h:32:0, from record.c:13: /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/include/ sys /poll.h:1:2: warning: #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> [-Wcpp] #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> In file included from ./include/alsa/ctl_macros.h:13:0, from ./include/alsa/control.h:54, from ./include/alsa/asoundlib.h:47, from record.c:13: /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/include/ sys /poll.h:1:2: warning: #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> [-Wcpp] #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> In file included from ./include/alsa/pcm_macros.h:13:0, from ./include/alsa/pcm.h:116, from ./include/alsa/asoundlib.h:48, from record.c:13: /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/include/ sys /poll.h:1:2: warning: #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> [-Wcpp] #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> In file included from ./include/alsa/hctl_macros.h:13:0, from ./include/alsa/hcontrol.h:36, from ./include/alsa/mixer.h:25, from ./include/alsa/asoundlib.h:49, from record.c:13: /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/include/ sys /poll.h:1:2: warning: #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> [-Wcpp] #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> In file included from ./include/alsa/mixer_macros.h:13:0, from ./include/alsa/mixer.h:72, from ./include/alsa/asoundlib.h:49, from record.c:13: /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/include/ sys /poll.h:1:2: warning: #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> [-Wcpp] #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> In file included from record.c:17:0: /home/rootroot/sogou/toolchain/include/ sys /poll.h:1:2: warning: #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> [-Wcpp] #warning redirecting incorrect #include < sys /poll.h> to <poll.h> arm-openwrt- linux -g++ ./obj/* -L./lib -lasound -o record rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/sogou/record$ 套接字（ socket ）是 Linux 下的一种进程间通信机制（ socket IPC）， socket 是应用层与 TCP/IP 协议通信的中间软件抽象层，它是一组接口,还是一个标准BSD socket ，能在不同平台很方便移植 Socket TCP/IP协议族包括运输层、网络层、链路层，而 socket 所在位置如图， Socket 是应用层与TCP/IP协议族通信的中间软件抽象层。前几天下载了一个OpenGL的源码参详，无耐编译不过，提示错误为： error C1083: 无法打开包括文件:“gl\GLAux.h”: No such file or directory 原来是：#include 出错 ==================================================== 解决方法如下： 1：下载此资源包 2：【glaux.dll】复制到 C:\Windows\ sys tem32 3：【glaux.lib】复制到 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Lib 4：【glaux.h】复制到 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Include\GL 5：重新编译运行即可添加 socket 头文件 sys / socket .h时：报无法打开源文件， sys / socket .h 将头文件：#include < sys / socket .h>，替换成：#include <winsock.h>，问题解决 vs出现 fatal error C1083: 无法打开包括文件: “ sys / socket .h”: No such file … 发表于2014-10-19 22:41|来自51CTO网页网上找的,你随便看看吧,比较详细:1. 什么是TCP/IP、UDP？2. Socket 在哪里呢？3. Socket 是什么呢？4. 你会使用它们吗？什么是TCP/IP、UDP？TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Pro... tcp和udp流程图， socket 函数， bind函数，listen函数，accept函数，connect函数，recv、recvfrom、read函数，send、write、sendto、sendmsg函数，close、shutdown函数，htonl、ntohl、htons、ntohs本地主机和网络字节序转换，inet_addr、inet_aton、inet_ntop，IP地址转换，setsockopt函数和getsockopt函数，fcntl函数，getpeername与getsockname #include ; #include ; int socket (int domain, int type, int protocol); domain 应该设置成 "AF_INET"， socket 有两个最重要的选项是 AF_UNIX 和 IAF_INET。AF_UNIX 就象 UNIX 路径名一样识别 socket s。这种形式对于在同一台机器上的 IPC 很有用。而 AF_INET 使用象 192.9.200.10 这样被点号隔开的四个十进制数字大部分公司的网络通信（比如服务器）程序都是部署在 linux 平台上的，但很多时候也是需要支持windows平台。本文讲述移植到windows的方法。下面是一个 linux socket 通讯的简单例子将其转换为windows平台下的代码如下：简单来讲，就是得要：（1）注释掉 linux 下的头文件，添加windows下 socket 的头文件，比如#include #include （2）增加别名：（3）添加静态链接库：#pragma comment(l...... /* Create a new socket of type TYPE in domain DOMAIN, usingprotocol PROTOCOL. If PROTOCOL is zero, one is chosen automatically.Returns a file descriptor for the new socket , or -1 for errors. */extern ... /* Create a new socket of type TYPE in domain DOMAIN, using protocol PROTOCOL. If PROTOCOL is zero, one is chosen automatically. Returns a file descriptor fo