1.下载RPM包

下载RPM捆绑包 tar 文件，该文件包含上面列出的所有RPM软件包，无需再一个个单独下载它们。
官网下载地址： https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
2.解压tar文件
gzip mysql-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.gz
mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3.处理原始环境
一台服务器只能安装一个版本的MySQL/MariaDB软件，所以需要删除原有的MySQL/MariaDB
[root@tidb02 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysqld
[root@tidb02 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@tidb02 ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs --nodeps
[root@tidb02 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
4.安装MySQL相关包
sudo yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*
#因为依赖关系最终安装了6个包
Dependencies Resolved
=====================================================================================================================================
 Package                             Arch        Version              Repository                                                Size
=====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-client              x86_64      8.0.24-1.el7         /mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64              219 M
 mysql-community-client-plugins      x86_64      8.0.24-1.el7         /mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64      732 k
 mysql-community-common              x86_64      8.0.24-1.el7         /mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64              9.0 M
 mysql-community-libs                x86_64      8.0.24-1.el7         /mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64                 20 M
 mysql-community-libs-compat         x86_64      8.0.24-1.el7         /mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64         6.0 M
 mysql-community-server              x86_64      8.0.24-1.el7         /mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64              2.0 G
Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================================
Install  6 Packages
仅安装客户端程序
可以除去mysql-community-server软件包的安装
sudo yum install -y mysql-community-{client,common,libs}-*
5.使用RPM软件包标准安装的MySQL的目录结构
6.启动MySQL
在安装过程结束时，不会自动启动MySQL。对于Red Hat Enterprise Linux，Oracle Linux，CentOS和Fedora系统，使用以下命令来启动MySQL：
[root@tidb02 lib]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@tidb02 lib]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2021-05-09 23:10:11 CST; 9s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 12519 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 12596 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─12596 /usr/sbin/mysqld
May 09 23:10:02 tidb02 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
May 09 23:10:11 tidb02 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
使用标准的systemctl命令（例如stop，start，status和restart）来管理MySQL服务器服务
7.连接MySQL
MySQL 5.7之后的版本，在初次启动MySQL时会生成临时的密码。超级用户'root'@'localhost'临时密码存储在错误日志文件中，可以通过查看/var/log/mysqld.log来获取。本实例中密码为RCraca*d5Fo0
[root@tidb02 share]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2021-05-09T15:10:07.052428Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: RCraca*d5Fo0
用临时密码登录
[root@tidb02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.24
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
临时密码无法正常操作数据库
比如想查看当前数据库列表，会提示如下错误：
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
修改临时密码
提示必须要修改初始密码，才能执行命令，可以用如下命令进行修改：
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Test@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
修改的密码强度规则
新密码必须满足密码强度规则，默认规则如下：
mysql> show variables like 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
简单解释一下，新密码至少为8位（length），其中大小写字母至少各一个（mixed_case_count），数字至少一个（number_count），特殊字符至少一个（special_char_count）。如果不满足以上任一条件，则提示如下错误：
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'test@123';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
至此，RPM包安装MySQL完毕。
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