Oracle:重复数据去重,只取最新的一条数据

前言

最近开发的时候遇到一个任务,需要对重复的数据进行筛选,只取插入时间最早的一条数据。这里介绍一下解决这类去重问题的几种思路

先看样例数据

解决思路一:先group by找到每个人最新的数据插入时间(insert_time),再通过insert_time作为条件表关联的条件筛选出每个人最新的数据
1. 先group by找到每个人最新的数据插入时间(insert_time)
SELECT
    T.u_name,
    MAX( T.insert_time ) AS t_inserttime 
    user_test T 
GROUP BY
    T.u_name
2. 通过insert_time作为条件表关联的条件筛选出每个人最新的数据
SELECT
    T1.id,
    T1.u_name,
    T1.u_sex,
    T1.u_phone,
    T1.insert_time,
    T1.update_by 
    `user_test` T1,
    ( SELECT T2.u_name, MAX( T2.insert_time ) AS t_inserttime FROM user_test T2 GROUP BY T2.u_name ) T3 
WHERE
    T1.u_name = T3.u_name 
    AND T1.insert_time = T3.t_inserttime

结果如下:

解法2:通过row_number()over()函数解决 (适用于Oracle)

row_number() over()函数的主要功能是分组排序,实现类似group by + order by的效果

SELECT ( SELECT T.*, ROW_NUMBER ( ) OVER ( PARTITION BY T.u_name ORDER BY T.insert_time DESC ) RW FROM user_test T ) FI WHERE FI.RW =1

这里partition by实现了根据用户名进行分组,order by对结果集根据插入时间进行排序,row_number()函数将每一组的行数单独标注了出来。最后我们取rw=1的数据,也就取到了每个重复用户数据的最新一条数据。

样板数据参考:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_test`;
CREATE TABLE `user_test`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `u_name` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `u_sex` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `u_phone` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `insert_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `update_by` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 6 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user_test
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user_test` VALUES (1, '小明', '男', '13288888888', '2020-10-28 09:44:16', 'admin');
INSERT INTO `user_test` VALUES (2, '小明', '男', '13288888888', '2020-10-28 09:45:01', 'admin');
INSERT INTO `user_test` VALUES (3, '小明', '男', '13288888888', '2020-10-28 09:45:35', 'admin');