张菲菲, 孟祥君, 韩波, 田振兴. 辽东湾地区重、磁异常特征及其区域构造分析[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2019, 39(3): 104-112. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017111701 引用本文: 张菲菲, 孟祥君, 韩波, 田振兴. 辽东湾地区重、磁异常特征及其区域构造分析[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2019, 39(3): 104-112. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017111701 ZHANG Feifei, MENG Xiangjun, HAN Bo, TIAN Zhenxing. Gravity-magnetic anomalies of Liaodong Bay and their tectonic implications[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2019, 39(3): 104-112. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017111701 Citation: ZHANG Feifei, MENG Xiangjun, HAN Bo, TIAN Zhenxing. Gravity-magnetic anomalies of Liaodong Bay and their tectonic implications[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology , 2019, 39(3): 104-112. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017111701 辽东湾地区是沿郯庐断裂系发展的新生代裂谷盆地，其断裂展布、基底性质对区域构造研究具有重要意义。充分利用我国海洋区域地质调查项目获取的辽东湾地区最新船载重、磁数据，详细描述了重、磁异常特征及对比分析特征。在此基础上，结合前人对区域构造及岩石物性的研究成果，对区域构造进行了分析和解释，指出了辽东湾坳陷“东西分带”的构造格局及不同时期区域构造的差异，对研究区内主要断裂展布、岩浆岩分布进行了划分，探讨了辽东湾及其周缘海域新太古宙古陆壳基底的分布。 重、磁异常 /  区域构造 / Abstract: Liaodong Bay is a Cenozoic rift basin in the Bohai Sea developed along the Tanlu fault. The distribution of fault system and the characters of basement have played critical roles in the performance of regional tectonics. This paper is devoted to the gravity and magnetic anomalies in Liaodong Bay based on previous tectonic researches, petrophysical properties and the newly acquired gravity and magnetic data from the various basic marine geological survey programs in China. There we made detailed description and comparative analysis of gravity and magnetic anomalies. In addition, regional tectonics of the study area are analyzed and interpreted. It is clearly noticed that the tectonic pattern of "east-west zonation" in Liaodong Bay Depression the difference of regional tectonic patterns vary with time from place to place. Together with the changes in distribution of main faults and magmatic rocks, the distribution of the new Archean curst basement in Liaodong Bay and its adjacent seas are also discussed. Key words: gravity and magnetic anomalies /  regional structure /  Liaodong Bay  徐长贵, 任健, 吴智平, 等.辽东湾坳陷东部地区新生代断裂体系与构造演化[J].高校地质学报, 2015, 21(2):215-222. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gxdzxb201502005

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1. Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China

2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China

Keywords:

gravity and magnetic anomalies /

regional structure /

Liaodong Bay

Abstract: Liaodong Bay is a Cenozoic rift basin in the Bohai Sea developed along the Tanlu fault. The distribution of fault system and the characters of basement have played critical roles in the performance of regional tectonics. This paper is devoted to the gravity and magnetic anomalies in Liaodong Bay based on previous tectonic researches, petrophysical properties and the newly acquired gravity and magnetic data from the various basic marine geological survey programs in China. There we made detailed description and comparative analysis of gravity and magnetic anomalies. In addition, regional tectonics of the study area are analyzed and interpreted. It is clearly noticed that the tectonic pattern of "east-west zonation" in Liaodong Bay Depression the difference of regional tectonic patterns vary with time from place to place. Together with the changes in distribution of main faults and magmatic rocks, the distribution of the new Archean curst basement in Liaodong Bay and its adjacent seas are also discussed.

辽东湾位于渤海湾盆地的北部，是下辽河坳陷向海上的延伸部分，面积约为26000km ² ，是渤海湾盆地油气最为富集的地区之一。辽东湾地区古近系和新近系沉积厚度与沉降幅度巨大，油气资源丰富，圈闭类型多样。近年来，由于渤海湾盆地海域油气勘探取得重大突破，辽东湾地区的油气勘探工作也得到了极大的重视和深入研究，利用大量的地震勘探以及钻井资料，前人对研究区内走滑断裂构造 ^{[ 1 - 6 ]} 、潜山构造 ^{[ 7 - 9 ]} 、油气成藏 ^{[ 10 , 11 ]} 、层序地层学 ^{[ 12 - 14 ]} 等进行了大量的研究，认为大量油气断陷盆地形成与深部结构的特征息息相关。但是，在最近的研究中，大量成果集中在新生代，对深部构造研究主要集中在渤海湾地壳结构 ^{[ 15 , 16 ]} 、郯庐断裂带 ^{[ 17 - 19 ]} 、残留盆地 ^{[ 20 ]} 等，研究采用的重、磁数据比例尺多为1:100万、1:200万，数据采集形式多为航磁及卫星，重、磁异常多为区域重、磁异常，比例尺较小、精度相对较低，对局部构造研究较少。

辽东坳陷是辽东湾地区的主要构造单元，是沿着郯庐断裂系发展的新生代大陆裂谷断陷，整体呈NE走向，受郯庐断裂带影响，由几条NE—NNE向正断层组成的复式地堑型坳陷构成，具有“三凹两凸”的构造特点，自西向东为辽西凹陷、辽西低凸起、辽中凹陷、辽东低凸起和辽东凹陷( 图 1 )，其中低凸起和凹陷多以陡倾断裂为边界。前期研究关于辽东湾坳陷构造演化主要有两种观点：多数研究者认为经历了古近纪裂陷和新近纪拗陷两个演化阶段，其中盆地在古近纪裂陷期具有多旋回断陷幕的裂谷盆地发育特点 ^{[ 21 - 23 ]} ；另有一些研究者认为其并非典型的两阶段伸展模式，中国东部中新生代不同类型盆地具有统一的成因联系，深部动力过程制约浅部构造变形 ^{[ 24 - 28 ]} 。两种观点统一的是渤海海域在盆地演化过程中发生了多期构造变动，研究区内断裂体系新生代活动特征显著，但始终受基底NE向断裂的控制。

辽东湾坳陷新生代地层发育较齐全，自下而上依次为古近系孔店组、沙河街组、东营组和新近系馆陶组、明化镇组及第四系平原组；基底主要包括太古宇和中、新元古界的变质岩及花岗岩、古生界碳酸盐岩和中生界碎屑岩及火成岩，在不同地区基底的时代和岩性不同( 图 2 )。辽东湾沿岸地区出露地层比较齐全，根据统计辽东湾地区岩石密度为(2.54~2.86)×10 ³ kg/m ^{3 [ 29 ]} ，其中变质岩密度最高，致密沉积岩、中基性岩浆岩密度次之，疏松沉积岩密度偏低，早古生界、太古界—元古界表现为高密度层，侏罗系—晚古生界表现为低密度层；区域岩石磁化率为(16~1016)×10 ^-5 SI ^{[ 29 ]} ，其中中生界火成岩具有较高磁性，新太古界变质岩普遍磁性较高，区域岩石物性差异为我们进行构造研究、岩浆岩圈定以及古老基底推断解释提供了基础物性资料。