The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

¹ Department of Psychology, Fourth People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua 418000. 839423680@qq.com.

² Department of Psychology, Fifth People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan 411100.

³ Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.

⁴ Department of Psychology, Fifth People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan 411100. 1209565379@qq.com.

¹ Department of Psychology, Fourth People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua 418000. 839423680@qq.com.

² Department of Psychology, Fifth People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan 411100.

³ Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.

⁴ Department of Psychology, Fifth People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan 411100. 1209565379@qq.com.

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors poses a serious threat to the mental health of adolescents. This study aims to examine how trait anxiety influences NSSI behaviors in adolescents and to explore the potential parallel mediating effects of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and impulsivity in this relationship. Adolescents with NSSI behaviors treated at the Fourth People's Hospital of Huaihua between December 2020 and December 2021 were recruited as participants. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed, including the Adolescent NSSI Assessment Questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Chinese version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (maladaptive strategies subscale), and the Trait Anxiety Inventory. All scales demonstrated good reliability and validity. Statistical analyses such as descriptive statistics, common method bias testing, reliability and validity assessment, correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, path analysis, and mediation analysis were performed using SPSS software, and the SPSSPRO platform. A total of 376 valid questionnaires were collected. No significant common method bias was detected. Pearson correlation analyses indicated significant positive correlations among all scale scores (all P <0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographic factors, trait anxiety, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and impulsivity all significantly and positively predicted adolescent NSSI behavior ( R ² =0.369). Path analysis revealed 5 significant pathways: Trait anxiety → maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, trait anxiety → impulsivity, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies → NSSI behaviors, impulsivity → NSSI behaviors, and trait anxiety → NSSI behaviors (all P <0.001). The model demonstrated good fit ( χ ² / df =1.651, normed fit index=0.995, comparative fit index=0.998, goodness of fit index=0.995, root mean square error of approximation=0.042). Parallel mediation analysis indicated that, with demographic variables controlled, the total effect of trait anxiety on NSSI behaviors was 0.501. The direct effect was 0.239 (47.7% of the total effect). The mediating effect through maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies was 0.177 (35.3%), and the mediating effect through impulsivity was 0.085 (17.0%). The mediating effect of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies was significantly greater than that of impulsivity (95% confidence interval 0.012 to 0.176). Trait anxiety directly predicts NSSI behaviors in adolescents and indirectly affects NSSI through parallel mediating effects of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and impulsivity. Among these mediators, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies play a more prominent mediating role in the relationship between trait anxiety and NSSI behaviors. 目的 : 非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury，NSSI)行为严重危害青少年群体的心理健康。本研究旨在探究青少年的特质焦虑如何影响NSSI行为，并探索非适应性认知情绪调节策略和冲动在这一关系中的潜在中介效应。 方法 : 纳入2020年12月至2021年12月怀化市第四人民医院存在NSSI行为的青少年作为参与者。本研究共发放500份问卷，包含青少年NSSI评估问卷、Barratt冲动量表、认知情绪调节问卷中文版(非适应性认知情绪调节策略维度)和特质焦虑量表。所有量表均具有良好的信效度。采用SPSS软件和SPSSPRO平台进行统计描述、共同方法偏差检验、量表的信效度计算、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析、路径分析及中介分析。 结果 : 本研究共回收有效问卷376份，不存在明显的共同方法偏差。Pearson相关性分析结果显示各量表间得分均呈正相关(均 P <0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果表明:在控制人口学因素后，特质焦虑、非适应性认知情绪调节策略及冲动均显著正向影响青少年NSSI行为( R ² =0.369)。路径分析结果显示:共构建5条显著路径，分别为特质焦虑→非适应性认知情绪调节策略路径、特质焦虑→冲动路径、非适应性认知情绪调节策略→NSSI行为路径、冲动→NSSI行为路径和特质焦虑→NSSI行为路径(均 P <0.001);路径模型拟合良好[ χ ² / df =1.651，规范拟合指数(normed fit index，NFI)=0.995，比较拟合指数(comparative fit index，CFI)=0.998，拟合优度指数(goodness of fit index，GFI)=0.995，近似误差均方根(root mean square error of approximation，RMSEA)=0.042]。平行中介分析结果显示:在纳入人口学因素作为协变量后，特质焦虑对NSSI行为的总效应为0.501，其中直接效应为0.239，占比47.7%;通过非适应性认知情绪调节策略的中介效应为0.177，占比35.3%;通过冲动的中介效应为0.085，占比17.0%，且非适应性认知情绪调节策略的中介效应显著大于冲动的中介效应[95%置信区间(confidence interval， CI )为0.012~0.176]。 结论 : 青少年特质焦虑直接影响NSSI行为，且通过非适应性认知情绪调节策略和冲动的平行中介作用间接影响该行为;非适应性认知情绪调节策略在特质焦虑与NSSI行为的关系中发挥更关键的中介作用。.