研究生(外文):CHENG, HUI-CHUN 論文名稱:由《史記．白起王翦列傳》論秦國軍事強盛與統一六國之道 論文名稱(外文):Discussing the Military Prosperity of the Qin State and the Path to Unifying the Six Kingdoms Based on the "Biographies of Bai Qi and Wang Jian" from the "Records of the Grand Historian" 指導教授:翁敏修 指導教授(外文):WENG, MIN-HSIU 學位類別:碩士 校院名稱:國立雲林科技大學 系所名稱:漢學應用研究所 論文出版年:2024 語文別:中文 論文頁數:120 論文摘要
《史記．白起王翦列傳》是司馬遷在《史記》中為秦國兩大名將白起和王翦所撰寫的合傳。通過這部列傳，我們可以深入探究秦國軍事強盛的原因及其如何通過白起和王翦的指揮策略與性格特質，最終實現統一六國的壯舉。
秦國軍事強盛並非一蹴而就，而是經過了長期的積累與發展，秦國自商鞅變法以來，就開始推行一系列的軍事改革，包括獎勵軍功、加強中央集權、統一軍隊指揮體系等。這些改革措施極大地提高了秦軍的戰鬥力，為秦國的軍事強盛奠定了基礎。
白起作為秦國的傑出軍事家，以其獨特的戰略眼光和出色的指揮才能，在秦國統一的道路上立下了赫赫戰功。白起的性格特質也對他的軍事指揮產生了深遠影響。他勇猛果敢，善於捕捉戰機，同時又心思縝密，能夠準確判斷敵情。這些特質使他在戰場上能夠迅速作出正確的決策，從而取得勝利。
王翦是秦國另一位傑出的軍事家，他在秦國統一六國的過程中發揮重要作用。王翦的性格特質與白起有所不同。他更為謹慎詳細，善於從大局出發制定戰略規劃。同時，他也非常注重士兵的訓練，這些都為秦軍戰鬥力的提升，提供了有力保障。他們的指揮風格和戰略思想不僅影響了當時的戰爭形態和軍事發展方向，也為後世留下了寶貴的軍事遺產。
本文將藉由《史記．白起王翦列傳》論述太史公將白起與王翦合傳之涵義，以及兩位名將性格特點、作戰風格，與其對戰六國之關鍵戰役分析；藉此更好地理解秦國軍事強盛的原因和統一六國的進程。

論文外文摘要
The “ Biographies of Bai Qi and Wang Jian ” in Sima Qian’s “Records of the Grand Historian” is a combined biography dedicated to two of Qin’s greatest generals, Bai Qi and Wang Jian.Through this biography, we can delve into the reasons behind Qin’s military strength and explre how, under the command and strategic traits of Bai Qi and Wang Jian, Qin ultimately achieved the feat of unifying the six states.
The military prowess of Qin was not achieved overnight but was the result of long-term accumulation and development. Since the reforms initiated by Shang Yang , Qin had implemented a series of military reforms, including rewarding military achievements, strengthening centralization, and unifying the command system of the army.These reform measures significantly enhanced the combat effectiveness of the Qin army, laying the foundation for its military strength. Bai Qi, as a distinguished military strategist of the Qin state, established an illustrious record of achievements on the path to Qin’s unification with his unique strategic vision and exceptional command abilities.
The characteristics of Bai Qi’s personality also had a profound impact on his military command. His bravery and decisiveness, adeptness at seizing opportunities in battle, coupled with meticulous thought and the ability to accurately assess the enemy’s situation, enabled him to make swift and correct decisions on the battlefield, thereby securing victory.
Wang Jian , another illustrious military figure of the Qin state , played a pivotal role in the unification of the six states. His personality traits differed from those of Bai Qi. He was more cautious and meticulous, skilled in strategic planning from a broader perspective. Additionally, he placed great emphasis on the training of soldiers, which provided a strong assurance for the enhancement of the Qin army’s combat capabilities.Their command styles and strategic thoughts not only influenced the warfare and military development of their time but also left a valuable military legacy for future generations.
By examining “ The Biographies of Bai Qi and Wang Jian ” in the “ Records of the Grand Historian ” , we can gain a better understanding of the reasons behind Qin’s military strength and the process of unifying the six states.