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Code  ›  c++ windows wmi修改网卡ip+dns_w123l123h的博客
string dns config 注册表
https://blog.csdn.net/w123l123h/article/details/100518575
憨厚的沙滩裤
1 年前

在win7/win10上都测试通过

注意事项:

  1. 项目必须以管理员权限运行
  2. 参考main.cpp使用方法
  3. 网卡的key可以从注册表获取, 路径: 计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
  4. 网卡key对应的中文名可以从注册表获取, 路径: 计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Network{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}\

注册表查看

注册表地址: 计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces
in

网卡中文名

(和windows系统"控制面板\网络和 Internet\网络和共享中心"显示的名字一致)
注册表地址: 计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Network{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}
在这里插入图片描述

main.cpp 

//main.cpp:
#include <iostream>
#include <locale>
#include <string>
#include <codecvt>
#include "net_config.h"
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
using namespace std;
int main()
	std::locale::global(std::locale(""));
	NetConfig config;
	//网卡的key可以从注册表获取, 路径: 计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
	config.set_key("{cd574b17-73e1-42df-a50c-f95d7f15c1d0}");
	//设置静态ip之前要调用下enable_dhcp, 可以把以前设置的ip和网关都清空, 否则注册表会有多个ip信息
	if (config.enable_dhcp()) {
		cout << "enable_dhcp success" << endl;
	else {
		cout << "error code: " << config.get_last_error_code() << endl;
	if (config.set_ip_config("192.168.1.100", "255.255.255.0", "192.168.1.1")) {
		cout << "set_ip_config success" << endl;
	else {
		cout << "error code: " << config.get_last_error_code() << endl;
	if (config.set_dns("255.255.255.0", "")) {
		cout << "set_dns success" << endl;
	else {
		cout << "error code: " << config.get_last_error_code() << endl;
	cin.get();
	return 0;

net_config.h
 

//net_config.h
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
class NetConfig
public:
	NetConfig() {}
	NetConfig(const std::string &key) 
		:key_(key){ }
	~NetConfig();
	//设置网络设备GUID
	void set_key(const std::string &key) {
		clear();
		key_ = key;
	//启用DHCP
	bool enable_dhcp();
	//启动静态IP,设置IP,掩码,网关
	bool set_ip_config(const std::string &ip, const std::string &mask, const std::string &gateway);
	bool set_ip_config(const std::string &ip, const std::string &mask);
	//设置网关
	bool set_gateway(const std::string &gateway);
	//设置DNS地址
	bool set_dns(const std::string &default_dns, const std::string &backup_dns);
	//设置自动DNS
	bool set_auto_dns();
	int get_last_error_code()const {
		return last_error_code_;
	void clear();
private:
	NetConfig(const NetConfig &rhs) = delete;
	NetConfig &operator = (const NetConfig &rhs) = delete;
private:
	//初始化
	bool init();
	//创建COM数组
	std::shared_ptr<SAFEARRAY> create_SAFEARRAY(const std::vector<std::string> &args);
	bool set_dns_base(bool is_auto, const std::string &default_dns, const std::string &backup_dns);
	bool exec_method(const wchar_t *method, IWbemClassObject *params_instance);
private:
	std::string key_;
	bool is_init_ = false;
	IWbemLocator* p_instance_ = NULL;
	IWbemServices* p_service_ = NULL;
	IEnumWbemClassObject* p_enum_ = NULL;
	IWbemClassObject *p_obj_ = NULL;
	IWbemClassObject *p_config = NULL;
	VARIANT path_;
	int last_error_code_ = 0;

net_config.cpp
 

//net_config.cpp
#include "net_config.h"
#include <codecvt>
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <comutil.h>
#ifdef _DEBUG
#include <iostream>
#endif
#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "comsuppw.lib")
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
using namespace std;
NetConfig::~NetConfig()
	clear();
bool NetConfig::enable_dhcp()
	if (!init())
		return false;
	return exec_method(L"EnableDHCP", NULL);
bool NetConfig::set_ip_config(const std::string & ip, const std::string & mask, const std::string & gateway)
	if (set_ip_config(ip, mask)) {
		return set_gateway(gateway);
	return false;
bool NetConfig::set_ip_config(const std::string & ip, const std::string & mask)
	bool rt = false;
	if (!init())
		return rt;
	IWbemClassObject *params = NULL;
	IWbemClassObject *paramsInst = NULL;
	p_config->GetMethod(_bstr_t("EnableStatic"), 0, &params, NULL);
	params->SpawnInstance(0, &paramsInst);
	auto p1 = create_SAFEARRAY({ ip });
	VARIANT paramVt;
	paramVt.vt = VT_ARRAY | VT_BSTR;
	paramVt.parray = p1.get();
	paramsInst->Put(L"IPAddress", 0, &paramVt, NULL);
	p1 = create_SAFEARRAY({ mask });
	paramVt.parray = p1.get();
	paramsInst->Put(L"SubnetMask", 0, &paramVt, NULL);
	rt = exec_method(L"EnableStatic", paramsInst);
	if (params) {
		params->Release();
	return rt;
bool NetConfig::set_dns(const std::string & default_dns, const std::string & backup_dns)
	return set_dns_base(false, default_dns, backup_dns);
bool NetConfig::set_auto_dns()
	return set_dns_base(true, "", "");
bool NetConfig::set_gateway(const std::string & gateway)
	bool rt = false;
	if (!init())
		return rt;
	IWbemClassObject *params = NULL;
	IWbemClassObject *paramsInst = NULL;
	p_config->GetMethod(_bstr_t("SetGateways"), 0, &params, NULL);
	params->SpawnInstance(0, &paramsInst);
	auto p1 = create_SAFEARRAY({ gateway });
	VARIANT paramVt;
	paramVt.vt = VT_ARRAY | VT_BSTR;
	paramVt.parray = p1.get();
	paramsInst->Put(L"DefaultIPGateway", 0, &paramVt, NULL);
	paramVt.vt = VT_UINT;
	paramVt.uintVal = 1;
	paramsInst->Put(L"GatewayCostMetric", 0, &paramVt, NULL);
	rt = exec_method(L"SetGateways", paramsInst);
	if (params) {
		params->Release();
	return rt;
void NetConfig::clear()
	if (p_config) {
		p_config->Release();
		p_config = nullptr;
	if (p_obj_) {
		p_obj_->Release();
		p_obj_ = nullptr;
	if (p_enum_) {
		p_enum_->Release();
		p_enum_ = nullptr;
	if (p_service_) {
		p_service_->Release();
		p_service_ = nullptr;
	if (p_instance_) {
		p_instance_->Release();
		p_instance_ = nullptr;
	if (is_init_) {
		CoUninitialize();
	is_init_ = false;
bool NetConfig::init()
	if (is_init_) {
		return true;
	// Step 1: Initialize COM.
	HRESULT	hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "CoInitializeEx failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	// Step 2: Set general COM security levels
	hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
		NULL,
		-1,                          // COM negotiates service
		NULL,                        // Authentication services
		NULL,                        // Reserved
		RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT,   // Default authentication 
		RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation  
		NULL,                        // Authentication info
		EOAC_NONE,                   // Additional capabilities 
		NULL                         // Reserved
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "CoInitializeSecurity failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "CoInitializeSecurity failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	// Step 3:  Obtain the initial locator to WMI
	hres = CoCreateInstance(
		CLSID_WbemLocator,
		CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
		IID_IWbemLocator,
		(LPVOID*)&p_instance_);
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "CoCreateInstance failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "CoCreateInstance failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	// Step 4: Connect to the local root\cimv2 namespace and obtain pointer pSvc to make IWbemServices calls.
	hres = p_instance_->ConnectServer(
		_bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"),
		NULL,
		NULL,
		NULL,
		&p_service_
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "ConnectServer failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "ConnectServer failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	// Step 5:  Set security levels for the proxy
	hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
		p_service_,                        // Indicates the proxy to set
		RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT,           // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx 
		RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE,            // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx 
		NULL,                        // Server principal name 
		RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL,      // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx 
		RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
		NULL,                        // client identity
		EOAC_NONE                    // proxy capabilities 
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "CoSetProxyBlanket failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "CoSetProxyBlanket failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	// 通过适配器名称来找到指定的适配器对象.
	CComBSTR TheQuery = L"SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WHERE SettingID = \"";
	std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<wchar_t>, wchar_t> conversion;
	TheQuery += conversion.from_bytes(key_).c_str();
	TheQuery += L"\"";
	hres = p_service_->ExecQuery(
		//SysAllocString(L"WQL"),
		L"WQL",
		TheQuery,
		WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY | WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY,
		NULL,
		&p_enum_);
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "ExecQuery failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "ExecQuery failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	// Get the adapter object.
	ULONG num = 0;
	hres = p_enum_->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &p_obj_, &num);
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "Next failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "Next failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	//ASSERT_THROW(0 < num, "Next failed");
	if (num < 1) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "Next failed num < 1" << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	VariantInit(&path_);
	hres = p_obj_->Get(L"__PATH", 0, &path_, NULL, NULL);
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "Get path failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "Get failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	hres = p_service_->GetObject(_bstr_t(L"Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"), 0, NULL, &p_config, NULL);
	//ASSERT_THROW(SUCCEEDED(hres), "GetObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration failed");
	if (FAILED(hres)) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
		cout << "GetObject failed: " << hres << endl;
#endif
		return false;
	is_init_ = true;
	return true;
std::shared_ptr<SAFEARRAY> NetConfig::create_SAFEARRAY(const std::vector<std::string> &args)
	SAFEARRAY *psa = SafeArrayCreateVector(VT_BSTR, 0, args.size());
	long idx[] = { 0 };
	for (int i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
		std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<wchar_t>, wchar_t> conversion;
		BSTR ip = SysAllocString(conversion.from_bytes(args[i]).c_str());
		idx[0] = i;
		if (FAILED(SafeArrayPutElement(psa, idx, ip))) {
			return (false);
		SysFreeString(ip);
	return shared_ptr<SAFEARRAY>(psa, [](SAFEARRAY *psa) {SafeArrayDestroy(psa); });
bool NetConfig::set_dns_base(bool is_auto, const std::string & default_dns, const std::string & backup_dns)
	bool rt = false;
	if (!init())
		return rt;
	IWbemClassObject *params = NULL;
	IWbemClassObject *paramsInst = NULL;
	p_config->GetMethod(_bstr_t("SetDNSServerSearchOrder"), 0, &params, NULL);
	params->SpawnInstance(0, &paramsInst);
	shared_ptr<SAFEARRAY> p1;
	if (is_auto) {
		paramsInst->Put(L"DNSServerSearchOrder", 0, NULL, NULL);
	else {
		if (backup_dns.size()) {
			p1 = create_SAFEARRAY({ default_dns, backup_dns });
		else {
			p1 = create_SAFEARRAY({ default_dns });
		VARIANT paramVt;
		paramVt.vt = VT_ARRAY | VT_BSTR;
		paramVt.parray = p1.get();
		paramsInst->Put(L"DNSServerSearchOrder", 0, &paramVt, NULL);
	rt = exec_method(L"SetDNSServerSearchOrder", paramsInst);
	if (params) {
		params->Release();
	return rt;
bool NetConfig::exec_method(const wchar_t * method, IWbemClassObject * params_instance)
	bool rt = false;
	IWbemClassObject *results = NULL;
	auto res = p_service_->ExecMethod(path_.bstrVal, _bstr_t(method), 0, NULL, params_instance, &results, NULL);
	if (SUCCEEDED(res)) {
		VARIANT vtRet;
		VariantInit(&vtRet);
		if (!FAILED(results->Get(L"ReturnValue", 0, &vtRet, NULL, 0))) {
			if (vtRet.uintVal == 0 || vtRet.uintVal == 1) {
				rt = true;
			else {
				last_error_code_ = vtRet.uintVal;
#ifdef _DEBUG
				wcout << method << " failed, result: " << last_error_code_ << endl;
#endif
#ifdef _DEBUG
		else {
			cout << "ExecMethod Get ReturnValue failed: " << res << endl;
#endif
		VariantClear(&vtRet);
		results->Release();
#ifdef _DEBUG
	else {
		cout << "ExecMethod failed: " << res << endl;
#endif	
	if (params_instance) {
		params_instance->Release();
	return rt;
                    c++ windows wmi修改网卡ip+dns注意事项:项目必须以管理员权限运行参考main.cpp使用方法网卡的key可以从注册表获取, 路径: 计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\项目下载地址: https://github.com/w123l...
				
MSDN中指出Netsh命令将在后续的版本中废止，今后对系统信息的操作将倾向于WMI（Windows管理工具）因此把我工作中用到的模块做了相应的改动，并分享给大家。程序中使用了AlphaControls控件，如要编译运行，可到我的下载里去找，有最新源码版提供。
1、读取网卡信息
2、设置IP地址

		string strParameter;
		strParameter ="netsh interface ip set address name=\"本地连接\"  source=dhcp";
		WinExec(strParameter.c_str(), SW_HIDE);
		strParameter.clear();
		strParameter =...
如下为本次修改的注册表地址 。
//开机自启项
#define REG_RUN "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run"
//全局环境变量
#define REG_PATH "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\Environment"
//用户环境变量
但是这样做很麻烦，我们可以通过程序来更改静态IP和动态IP，只需要一条简单的代码就可以实现。
静态IP:
system("cmd /c netsh interface ip set address \"以太网\" static 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1");
动态IP：
system("cmd /c netsh interface ip se
 
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