1.JSONObject介绍
JSONObject-lib包是一个beans,collections,maps,java arrays和xml和JSON互相转换的包。
2.下载jar包
https://files.cnblogs.com/java-pan/lib.rar
*或者在Maven的pom.xml文件中直接配置如下:
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
json数据:
"cartypes":[
{"id":1,"imgUrl":"img/l.jpg","bigimg": "img/d.jpg","title":"别克威朗","marketprice":"15.29","periods":"12",
"endrepayone":"96800","endrepaytwo":"96800","endrepaythree":"93000",
"endmonthone":"3408","endmonthtwo":"3408","endmonththree":"3278",
"repayfirst":"15290","repaytwo":"22935", "repaythree":"30580",
"monthrepayone":"3578","monthrepaytwo":"2878","monthrepaythree":"2478",
"cardetails":
[{
"imageId00": "img/first-bkwl.jpg",
"imageId01": "img/bkwl01.jpg",
"imageId02": "img/bkwl02.jpg",
"imageId03": "img/bkwl03.jpg",
"imageId04": "img/bkwl04.jpg",
"carname": "别克",
"carmatter": "威朗",
"carvolume":"1.5L",
"sitnum":"5",
"cargearbox":"6挡手自一体",
"caremission":"国V",
"carldone":"一体式座舱",
"carldtwo":"绒面内饰",
"carldthree":"全景天窗",
"carldfour":"展翼型HID大灯"
{"id":2,"imgUrl":"img/l.jpg","bigimg": "img/d.jpg","title":"英菲尼迪","marketprice":"18.98","periods":"12",
"endrepayone":"126800","endrepaytwo":"126800","endrepaythree":"126800",
"endmonthone":"4458","endmonthtwo":"4458","endmonththree":"4458",
"repayfirst":"18980","repaytwo":"28470", "repaythree":"37960",
"monthrepayone":"2738","monthrepaytwo":"1878","monthrepaythree":"998",
"cardetails":
[{
"imageId00": "img/first.jpg",
"imageId01": "img/yfnd01.jpg",
"imageId02": "img/yfnd02.jpg",
"imageId03": "img/yfnd03.jpg",
"imageId04": "img/yfnd04.jpg",
"carname": "英菲尼迪",
"carmatter": "ESQ",
"carvolume":"1.6L",
"sitnum":"5",
"cargearbox":"CVT无级变速",
"caremission":"国V",
"carldone":"定制轮毂",
"carldtwo":"多功能方向盘",
"carldthree":"LED尾灯",
"carldfour":"真皮座椅"
}]
}
]
当接受到的是上面的json数据时,要获取到里面的键对应的值应该怎样做呢,比如要获取title的值,获取cardetails中的imageId02的值等。
面对这样数组与对象相互嵌套的情况需要一步步将数据拆分,主要思想还是根据键取值,对于数组类型还是需要先根据”下标”取出元素。这里还需要用到JSONObject与JSONArray。
将上面的json数据简化就是:(这里保留个id便于识别)
"cartypes":[
"id":1,"bigimg": "img/dt-bkwl.jpg",
"cardetails": [{ "imageId02": "img/bkwl02.jpg}]
}
{
"id":2,"bigimg": "img/xxx.jpg",
"cardetails":[{"imageId002":"img/xx.jpg"}]
}
这就是简化了的json数据,可以看出这个串最外层是一个大的键为cartypes的对象,而它的值是json数组形式的比较复杂的json数据。继续分析 [ ]的部分,可以看到,里面有两个数组元素,每个元素分别是被{ }包起来的json对象,他们的元素组成相同,再看每个元素里面包含几个键值对的数据,其中键cardetails的值又是一个嵌套的json数组,里面包含一个json对象。分析完毕。那该怎样才能(拿到数据)解析呢?
使用JSONObject与JSONArray
一般取数据有两种方式,看需要选择。
通过 JSONObject.getString("键")直接获取,这种方式只能每次获取一个。
通过构建与json对象相应的bean来获取。
我在写上面的例子时用到了两种方式,由于需要使用到 id,bigimg以及cardetails中的大部分数据,因此我在使用时将cardetails封装成一个bean,方便使用,而其他用到的比较少,因此就直接根据键获取值。
另外需要注意的是,JSONObject,JSONArray分别对应的是json数据的两种格式。即{"张三" : "男"} , [{ 张三" : " 男" }] ,使用时需要将其转换成对应的对象。
如(示例):
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(json); //将json字符串转换为JSONObject
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(json); //将json字符串转换为JSONArray
还有一点需要指出:在取键值是始终需要根据键取值,从外到内,取内层的键的值需要先获取外层键的值,如果跨越取值会报错。
下面演示取值:
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(json); //将json字符串转化为JSONObject
String cartypes=jsonObject.getString("cartypes"); //通过getString("cartypes")取出里面的信息
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(cartypes); //将取到的cartypes对应的(一组)值字符串转换为JSONArray
String id= job.getString("id"); //取id
String bigImg = job.getString("bigimg"); //大图
System.out.println("bigImg:"+bigImg); //可以显示已经拿到bigimg的值
由于cardetails下的基本都是需要的值,一个一个取值比较麻烦,因此将cardetails封装成一个bean 如下:
Cardetails.java
public class Cardetails {
private String imageId00;
private String imageId01;
private String imageId02;
private String imageId03;
private String imageId04;
private String carname;
private String carmatter;
private String carvolume;
private int sitnum;
private String cargearbox;
private String caremission;
private String carldone;
private String carldtwo;
private String carldthree;
private String carldfour;
//get set 方法以及toString方法略
到这里,需要将cardetails中的键全转成Cardetails中的属性,方法如下:
//将cardetail封装成bean
JSONArray carDetailArr=job.getJSONArray("cardetails");//将json字符串转化为JSONArray
JSONObject carDetailObj = carDetailArr.getJSONObject(0);//获取数组第一个元素
Cardetails cardetails = (Cardetails) JSONObject.toBean(carDetailObj, Cardetails.class);//封装成bean
System.out.println("cardetails:"+cardetails); //能获取到数据
最后附上部分代码:
public void getICarDetail(int id){
String json=null;
try {
json=iCarDetail.getICarDetail(id);//这里既是获取上面json数据
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
int jsonId=0;//json数组里的id值
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(json); //将json字符串转化为JSONObject
String cartypes=jsonObject.getString("cartypes");//通过getString("cartypes")取出里面的信息
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(cartypes); //将取到的cartypes对应的(一组)值字符串转换为JSONArray
//遍历jsonarray 数组
if(jsonArray.size()>0){
for(int i=0;i<jsonArray.size();i++){
JSONObject job = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);//把每一个对象转成json对象
jsonId=(int)job.get("id"); //得到每个对象中的id值
if(jsonId==id){
//获取相关值
String title = job.getString("title");
String bigImg = job.getString("bigimg");
String repayFirst = job.getString("repayfirst");
String endrepayone = job.getString("endrepayone");
String endmonthone = job.getString("endmonthone");
String marketprice = job.getString("marketprice");
//将cardetail封装成bean
JSONArray carDetailArr=job.getJSONArray("cardetails");//将json字符串转化为JSONArray
JSONObject carDetailObj = carDetailArr.getJSONObject(0);//获取数组第一个元素
Cardetails cardetails = (Cardetails) JSONObject.toBean(carDetailObj, Cardetails.class);//封装成bean
//输出显示
System.out.println("******************");
System.out.println("jsonId:"+jsonId);
System.out.println("title:"+title);
System.out.println("bigImg:"+bigImg);
System.out.println("repayFirst:"+repayFirst);
System.out.println("endrepayone:"+endrepayone);
System.out.println("endmonthone:"+endmonthone);
System.out.println("marketprice:"+marketprice);
System.out.println("cardetails:"+cardetails);
}