Docker容器内部端口映射到外部宿主机端口的方法小结开发者社区

Docker容器内部端口映射到外部宿主机端口的方法小结

比如：
[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx -p 8088:80 docker.io/nginx
2218c7d88ccc917fd0aa0ec24e6d81667eb588f491d3730deb09289dcf6b8125
[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx2 -P docker.io/nginx
589237ceec9d5d1de045a5395c0d4b519acf54e8c09afb07af49de1b06d71059
[root@docker-test ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                   NAMES
589237ceec9d        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   6 seconds ago        Up 5 seconds        0.0.0.0:32770->80/tcp   my-nginx2
2218c7d88ccc        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:8088->80/tcp    my-nginx
由上面可知：
容器my-nginx启动时使用了-p，选择宿主机具体的8088端口映射到容器内部的80端口上了，访问http://localhost/8088即可
容器my-nginx2启动时使用了-P，选择宿主机的一个随机端口映射到容器内部的80端口上了，这里随机端口是32770，访问http://localhost/32770即可

[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx3 -p 127.0.0.1:8888:80 docker.io/nginx  
debca5ec7dbb770ca307b06309b0e24b81b6bf689cb11474ec1ba187f4d7802c
[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx4 -p 192.168.10.214:9999:80 docker.io/nginx               
ba72a93196f7e55020105b90a51d2203f9cc4d09882e7848ff72f9c43d81852a
[root@docker-test ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
ba72a93196f7        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   2 seconds ago       Up 1 second         192.168.10.214:9999->80/tcp   my-nginx4
debca5ec7dbb        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes        127.0.0.1:8888->80/tcp        my-nginx3
由上面可知：
容器my-nginx3绑定的宿主机外部ip是127.0.0.1，端口是8888，则访问http://127.0.0.1:8888或http://localhost:8888都可以，访问http://192.168.10.214:8888就会拒绝！
容器my-nginx4绑定的宿主机外部ip是192.168.10.214，端口是9999，则访问http://192.168.10.214:9999就可以，访问http://127.0.0.1:9999或http://localhost:9999就会拒绝！

[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx5 -p 8099:80/tcp docker.io/nginx
c08eb29e3c0a46386319b475cc95245ccfbf106ed80b1f75d104f8f05d0d0b3e
[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx6 -p 192.168.10.214:8077:80/udp docker.io/nginx 
992a48cbd3ef0e568b45c164c22a00389622c2b49e77f936bc0f980718590d5b
[root@docker-test ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                 NAMES
992a48cbd3ef        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        80/tcp, 192.168.10.214:8077->80/udp   my-nginx6
c08eb29e3c0a        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   53 seconds ago      Up 51 seconds       0.0.0.0:8099->80/tcp                  my-nginx5

[root@docker-test ~]# docker port my-nginx5
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8099
[root@docker-test ~]# docker inspect my-nginx5|grep IPAddress
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.6",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.6",

[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx8 -p 192.168.10.214:7777:80 -p 127.0.0.1:7788:80 docker.io/nginx 
0e86be91026d1601b77b52c346c44a31512138cedc7f21451e996dd2e75d014d
[root@docker-test ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                 NAMES
0e86be91026d        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   17 seconds ago      Up 15 seconds       127.0.0.1:7788->80/tcp, 192.168.10.214:7777->80/tcp   my-nginx8

[root@docker-test ~]# docker run -ti -d --name my-nginx9 docker.io/nginx
990752e39d75b977cbff5a944247366662211ce43d16843a452a5697ddded12f
[root@docker-test ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS            NAMES
990752e39d75        docker.io/nginx     "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   2 seconds ago       Up 1 second         80/tcp           my-nginx9
这个时候，由于容器my-nginx9在启动时没有指定其内部的80端口映射到宿主机的端口上，所以默认是没法访问的！
现在通过宿主机的iptables进行net转发
首先获得容器的ip地址
[root@docker-test ~]# docker inspect my-nginx9|grep IPAddress
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.9",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.9",
[root@docker-test ~]# ping 172.17.0.9
PING 172.17.0.9 (172.17.0.9) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.0.9: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.0.9: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
.....
[root@docker-test ~]# telnet 172.17.0.9 80 
Trying 172.17.0.9...
Connected to 172.17.0.9.
Escape character is '^]'
centos7下部署iptables环境纪录（关闭默认的firewalle）
参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/5799210.html
将容器的80端口映射到dockers宿主机的9998端口
[root@docker-test ~]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 9998 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.17.0.9:80
[root@docker-test ~]# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d 172.17.0.9/32 -p tcp -m tcp --sport 80 -j SNAT --to-source 192.16.10.214
[root@docker-test ~]# iptables -t filter -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 9998 -j ACCEPT
保存以上iptables规则
[root@docker-test ~]# iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
查看/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件，注意下面两行有关icmp-host-prohibited的设置一定要注释掉！否则nat转发会失败！
[root@docker-test ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Fri Aug 10 11:13:57 2018
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [32:1280]
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 9998 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.17.0.9:80
-A POSTROUTING -d 172.17.0.9/32 -p tcp -m tcp --sport 80 -j SNAT --to-source 192.16.10.214
COMMIT
# Completed on Fri Aug 10 11:13:57 2018
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Fri Aug 10 11:13:57 2018
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [50:5056]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 9998 -j ACCEPT
#-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
#-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
# Completed on Fri Aug 10 11:13:57 2018
最后重启iptbales服务
[root@docker-test ~]# systemctl restart iptables
查看iptables规则
[root@docker-test ~]# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     icmp --  anywhere             anywhere            
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             state NEW tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             state NEW tcp dpt:distinct32
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
[root@docker-test ~]# iptables -L -t nat
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
DNAT       tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             tcp dpt:distinct32 to:172.17.0.9:80
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
SNAT       tcp  --  anywhere             172.17.0.9           tcp spt:http to:192.16.10.214
然后访问http://192.168.10.214:9998/，就能转发访问到my-nginx9容器的80端口了！！！

[root@docker-test ~]# docker rm -f `docker ps -a -q`
990752e39d75
0e86be91026d
ff2bc46a8ee4
c08eb29e3c0a
ba72a93196f7
debca5ec7dbb
589237ceec9d
2218c7d88ccc