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.MuiTreeItem-iconContainer{margin-right:4px;width:15px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-khel7y .MuiTreeItem-iconContainer svg{font-size:18px;}.css-khel7y .MuiTreeItem-label{width:100%;min-width:0;padding-left:4px;position:relative;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;}</style><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css znl8a3">.css-znl8a3{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:0rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-znl8a3"><style data-emotion="css tx8jsd">.css-tx8jsd{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;}</style><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-tx8jsd" target="_blank" href="https://docs.pingcap.com/zh" style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit"><style data-emotion="css 8atqhb">.css-8atqhb{width:100%;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><style data-emotion="css 1hwyipb">.css-1hwyipb{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;color:inherit;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;}</style><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">文档中心</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">关于 TiDB</div></div><style data-emotion="css xjq79n">.css-xjq79n{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;fill:#999999;height:1rem;width:1rem;margin-left:auto;-webkit-transform:none;-moz-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1jozaee">.css-1jozaee{margin:0;padding:0;margin-left:17px;}</style></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">快速上手</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">应用开发</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-4" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">部署标准集群</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-5" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">数据迁移</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-6" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">数据集成</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-7" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">运维操作</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-8" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">监控与告警</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">故障诊断</div></div><style data-emotion="css 171pefp">.css-171pefp{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;fill:#999999;height:1rem;width:1rem;margin-left:auto;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-moz-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-171pefp" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1xxsnna">.css-1xxsnna{height:auto;overflow:visible;-webkit-transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;margin:0;padding:0;margin-left:17px;}</style><ul class="MuiCollapse-root MuiCollapse-vertical MuiTreeItem-group MuiCollapse-entered css-1xxsnna" style="min-height:0px" role="group"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapper MuiCollapse-vertical css-hboir5"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapperInner MuiCollapse-vertical css-8atqhb"><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-0" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css kb2j4b">.css-kb2j4b{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:0.5rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">故障诊断问题汇总</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">故障场景</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-171pefp" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><ul class="MuiCollapse-root MuiCollapse-vertical MuiTreeItem-group MuiCollapse-entered css-1xxsnna" style="min-height:0px" role="group"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapper MuiCollapse-vertical css-hboir5"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapperInner MuiCollapse-vertical css-8atqhb"><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-0" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css snygwd">.css-snygwd{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:1rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">慢查询</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-tidb-oom"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">TiDB OOM 故障排查</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-hot-spot-issues"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">热点问题处理</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-cpu-issues"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">CPU 占用过多导致读写延迟增加</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-4" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-write-conflicts"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">写冲突与写性能下降</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-5" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-high-disk-io"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">磁盘 I/O 过高</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-6" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a aria-current="page" style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" class="" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-lock-conflicts"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">锁冲突与 TTL 超时</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-1-7" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/troubleshoot-data-inconsistency-errors"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">数据索引不一致报错</div></div></a></div></div></div></li></div></div></ul></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">故障诊断方法</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/dev/support"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">获取支持</div></div></a></div></div></div></li></div></div></ul></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-10" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">性能调优</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-11" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">教程</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-12" tabindex="-1" 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(min-width:0px){.css-90fn5w{-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse;}}@media (min-width:600px){.css-90fn5w{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;}}</style><div class="css-90fn5w"><style data-emotion="css vofosd">.css-vofosd{padding:1.5rem 0;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-vofosd{width:100%;}}@media (min-width:600px){.css-vofosd{width:calc(100% - 17.5rem);}}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-vofosd"><style data-emotion="css 1ekb41w">.css-1ekb41w{width:100%;margin-left:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-right:auto;display:block;padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;}@media (min-width:600px){.css-1ekb41w{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;}}@media (min-width:1536px){.css-1ekb41w{max-width:1536px;}}</style><div class="MuiContainer-root MuiContainer-maxWidthXl doc-content css-1ekb41w"><div class="markdown-body MuiBox-root css-0"><h1 id="tidb-锁冲突问题处理" style="position:relative"><a href="#tidb-%E9%94%81%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" aria-label="tidb 锁冲突问题处理 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>TiDB 锁冲突问题处理</h1><p>TiDB 支持完整的分布式事务，自 v3.0 版本起，提供<a href="/zh/tidb/dev/optimistic-transaction">乐观事务</a>与<a href="/zh/tidb/dev/pessimistic-transaction">悲观事务</a>两种事务模式。本文介绍如何使用 Lock View 排查锁相关的问题，以及如何处理使用乐观事务或者悲观事务的过程中常见的锁冲突问题。</p><h2 id="使用-lock-view-排查锁相关的问题" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-lock-view-%E6%8E%92%E6%9F%A5%E9%94%81%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" aria-label="使用 lock view 排查锁相关的问题 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>使用 Lock View 排查锁相关的问题</h2><p>自 v5.1 版本起，TiDB 支持 Lock View 功能。该功能在 <code>information_schema</code> 中内置了若干系统表，用于提供更多关于锁冲突和锁等待的信息。</p><style data-emotion="css 1weqspv">.css-1weqspv{padding-top:0.5rem;padding-bottom:0.5rem;}.css-1weqspv .MuiAlert-message p{margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:0px;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1weqspv"><style data-emotion="css 17zlexa">.css-17zlexa{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:rgb(1, 67, 97);background-color:rgb(229, 246, 253);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:6px 16px;}.css-17zlexa .MuiAlert-icon{color:#03a9f4;}</style><style data-emotion="css 152gid5">.css-152gid5{background-color:#fff;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);-webkit-transition:box-shadow 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:box-shadow 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:none;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:rgb(1, 67, 97);background-color:rgb(229, 246, 253);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:6px 16px;}.css-152gid5 .MuiAlert-icon{color:#03a9f4;}</style><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation0 MuiAlert-root MuiAlert-standardInfo MuiAlert-standard css-152gid5" role="alert"><style data-emotion="css 1l54tgj">.css-1l54tgj{margin-right:12px;padding:7px 0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:22px;opacity:0.9;}</style><div class="MuiAlert-icon css-1l54tgj"><style data-emotion="css 1cw4hi4">.css-1cw4hi4{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:inherit;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="InfoOutlinedIcon"><path d="M11,9H13V7H11M12,20C7.59,20 4,16.41 4,12C4,7.59 7.59,4 12,4C16.41,4 20,7.59 20, 12C20,16.41 16.41,20 12,20M12,2A10,10 0 0,0 2,12A10,10 0 0,0 12,22A10,10 0 0,0 22,12A10, 10 0 0,0 12,2M11,17H13V11H11V17Z"/></svg></div><style data-emotion="css 1xsto0d">.css-1xsto0d{padding:8px 0;min-width:0;overflow:auto;}</style><div class="MuiAlert-message css-1xsto0d"><style data-emotion="css 1h2y6o4">.css-1h2y6o4{font-weight:500;margin-top:-2px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 17ioyuk">.css-17ioyuk{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;margin-bottom:0.35em;font-weight:500;margin-top:-2px;}</style><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 MuiTypography-gutterBottom MuiAlertTitle-root css-17ioyuk">注意</div><p>Lock View 功能目前仅提供悲观锁的冲突和等待信息。</p></div></div></div><p>关于这些系统表的详细说明，请参考以下文档：</p><ul><li><a href="/zh/tidb/dev/information-schema-tidb-trx"><code>TIDB_TRX</code> 与 <code>CLUSTER_TIDB_TRX</code></a>：提供当前 TiDB 节点上或整个集群上所有运行中的事务的信息，包括事务是否处于等锁状态、等锁时间和事务曾经执行过的语句的 Digest 等信息。</li><li><a href="/zh/tidb/dev/information-schema-data-lock-waits"><code>DATA_LOCK_WAITS</code></a>：提供关于 TiKV 内的悲观锁等锁信息，包括阻塞和被阻塞的事务的 <code>start_ts</code>、被阻塞的 SQL 语句的 Digest 和发生等待的 key。</li><li><a href="/zh/tidb/dev/information-schema-deadlocks"><code>DEADLOCKS</code> 与 <code>CLUSTER_DEADLOCKS</code></a>：提供当前 TiDB 节点上或整个集群上最近发生过的若干次死锁的相关信息，包括死锁环中事务之间的等待关系、事务当前正在执行的语句的 Digest 和发生等待的 key。</li></ul><div class="MuiBox-root css-1weqspv"><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation0 MuiAlert-root MuiAlert-standardInfo MuiAlert-standard css-152gid5" role="alert"><div class="MuiAlert-icon css-1l54tgj"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="InfoOutlinedIcon"><path d="M11,9H13V7H11M12,20C7.59,20 4,16.41 4,12C4,7.59 7.59,4 12,4C16.41,4 20,7.59 20, 12C20,16.41 16.41,20 12,20M12,2A10,10 0 0,0 2,12A10,10 0 0,0 12,22A10,10 0 0,0 22,12A10, 10 0 0,0 12,2M11,17H13V11H11V17Z"/></svg></div><div class="MuiAlert-message css-1xsto0d"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 MuiTypography-gutterBottom MuiAlertTitle-root css-17ioyuk">注意</div><p>Lock View 所属的系统表中展示的 SQL 语句为归一化的 SQL 语句（即去除了格式和参数的 SQL 语句），通过内部查询从 SQL Digest 获得，因而无法获取包括格式和参数在内的完整语句。有关 SQL Digest 和归一化 SQL 语句的详细介绍，请参阅 <a href="/zh/tidb/dev/statement-summary-tables">Statement Summary Tables</a>。</p></div></div></div><p>以下为排查部分问题的示例。</p><h3 id="死锁错误" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E6%AD%BB%E9%94%81%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF" aria-label="死锁错误 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>死锁错误</h3><p>要获取最近发生的死锁错误的信息，可查询 <code>DEADLOCKS</code> 或 <code>CLUSTER_DEADLOCKS</code> 表。</p><p>以查询 <code>DEADLOCKS</code> 表为例，请执行以下 SQL 语句：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">select * from information_schema.deadlocks; </code></pre><p>示例输出：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">+-------------+----------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+ | DEADLOCK_ID | OCCUR_TIME | RETRYABLE | TRY_LOCK_TRX_ID | CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST | CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST_TEXT | KEY | KEY_INFO | TRX_HOLDING_LOCK | +-------------+----------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+ | 1 | 2021-08-05 11:09:03.230341 | 0 | 426812829645406216 | 22230766411edb40f27a68dadefc63c6c6970d5827f1e5e22fc97be2c4d8350d | update `t` set `v` = ? where `id` = ? ; | 7480000000000000355F728000000000000002 | {"db_id":1,"db_name":"test","table_id":53,"table_name":"t","handle_type":"int","handle_value":"2"} | 426812829645406217 | | 1 | 2021-08-05 11:09:03.230341 | 0 | 426812829645406217 | 22230766411edb40f27a68dadefc63c6c6970d5827f1e5e22fc97be2c4d8350d | update `t` set `v` = ? where `id` = ? ; | 7480000000000000355F728000000000000001 | {"db_id":1,"db_name":"test","table_id":53,"table_name":"t","handle_type":"int","handle_value":"1"} | 426812829645406216 | +-------------+----------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+ </code></pre><p>查询结果会显示死锁错误中多个事务之间的等待关系和各个事务当前正在执行的 SQL 语句的归一化形式（即去掉参数和格式的形式），以及发生冲突的 key 及其从 key 中解读出的一些信息。</p><p>例如在上述例子中，第一行意味着 ID 为 <code>426812829645406216</code> 的事务当前正在执行形如 <code>update `t` set `v` = ? where `id` = ? ;</code> 的语句，被另一个 ID 为 <code>426812829645406217</code> 的事务阻塞；而 <code>426812829645406217</code> 同样也在执行一条形如 <code>update `t` set `v` = ? where `id` = ? ;</code> 的语句，并被 ID 为 <code>426812829645406216</code> 的事务阻塞，两个事务因而构成死锁。</p><h3 id="少数热点-key-造成锁排队" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E7%83%AD%E7%82%B9-key-%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E9%94%81%E6%8E%92%E9%98%9F" aria-label="少数热点 key 造成锁排队 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>少数热点 key 造成锁排队</h3><p><code>DATA_LOCK_WAITS</code> 系统表提供 TiKV 节点上的等锁情况。查询该表时，TiDB 将自动从所有 TiKV 节点上获取当前时刻的等锁信息。当少数热点 key 频繁被上锁并阻塞较多事务时，你可以查询 <code>DATA_LOCK_WAITS</code> 表并按 key 对结果进行聚合，以尝试找出经常发生问题的 key：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">select `key`, count(*) as `count` from information_schema.data_lock_waits group by `key` order by `count` desc; </code></pre><p>示例输出：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">+----------------------------------------+-------+ | key | count | +----------------------------------------+-------+ | 7480000000000000415F728000000000000001 | 2 | | 7480000000000000415F728000000000000002 | 1 | +----------------------------------------+-------+ </code></pre><p>为避免偶然性，你可考虑进行多次查询。</p><p>如果已知频繁出问题的 key，可尝试从 <code>TIDB_TRX</code> 或 <code>CLUSTER_TIDB_TRX</code> 表中获取试图上锁该 key 的事务的信息。</p><p>需要注意 <code>TIDB_TRX</code> 和 <code>CLUSTER_TIDB_TRX</code> 表所展示的信息也是对其进行查询的时刻正在运行的事务的信息，并不展示已经结束的事务。如果并发的事务数量很大，该查询的结果集也可能很大，可以考虑添加 limit 子句，或用 where 子句筛选出等锁时间较长的事务。需要注意，对 Lock View 中的多张表进行 join 时，不同表之间的数据并不保证在同一时刻获取，因而不同表中的信息可能并不同步。</p><p>以用 where 子句筛选出等锁时间较长的事务为例，请执行以下 SQL 语句：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">select trx.* from information_schema.data_lock_waits as l left join information_schema.tidb_trx as trx on l.trx_id = trx.id where l.key = "7480000000000000415F728000000000000001"\G </code></pre><p>示例输出：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">*************************** 1. row *************************** ID: 426831815660273668 START_TIME: 2021-08-06 07:16:00.081000 CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST: 06da614b93e62713bd282d4685fc5b88d688337f36e88fe55871726ce0eb80d7 CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST_TEXT: update `t` set `v` = `v` + ? where `id` = ? ; STATE: LockWaiting WAITING_START_TIME: 2021-08-06 07:16:00.087720 MEM_BUFFER_KEYS: 0 MEM_BUFFER_BYTES: 0 SESSION_ID: 77 USER: root DB: test ALL_SQL_DIGESTS: ["0fdc781f19da1c6078c9de7eadef8a307889c001e05f107847bee4cfc8f3cdf3","06da614b93e62713bd282d4685fc5b88d688337f36e88fe55871726ce0eb80d7"] *************************** 2. row *************************** ID: 426831818019569665 START_TIME: 2021-08-06 07:16:09.081000 CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST: 06da614b93e62713bd282d4685fc5b88d688337f36e88fe55871726ce0eb80d7 CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST_TEXT: update `t` set `v` = `v` + ? where `id` = ? ; STATE: LockWaiting WAITING_START_TIME: 2021-08-06 07:16:09.290271 MEM_BUFFER_KEYS: 0 MEM_BUFFER_BYTES: 0 SESSION_ID: 75 USER: root DB: test ALL_SQL_DIGESTS: ["0fdc781f19da1c6078c9de7eadef8a307889c001e05f107847bee4cfc8f3cdf3","06da614b93e62713bd282d4685fc5b88d688337f36e88fe55871726ce0eb80d7"] 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) </code></pre><h3 id="事务被长时间阻塞" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E8%A2%AB%E9%95%BF%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E9%98%BB%E5%A1%9E" aria-label="事务被长时间阻塞 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>事务被长时间阻塞</h3><p>如果已知一个事务被另一事务（或多个事务）阻塞，且已知当前事务的 <code>start_ts</code>（即事务 ID），则可使用如下方式获取导致该事务阻塞的事务的信息。注意对 Lock View 中的多张表进行 join 时，不同表之间的数据并不保证在同一时刻获取，因而可能不同表中的信息可能并不同步。</p><pre><code class="language-sql">select l.key, trx.*, tidb_decode_sql_digests(trx.all_sql_digests) as sqls from information_schema.data_lock_waits as l join information_schema.cluster_tidb_trx as trx on l.current_holding_trx_id = trx.id where l.trx_id = 426831965449355272\G </code></pre><p>示例输出：</p><pre><code class="language-sql">*************************** 1. row *************************** key: 74800000000000004D5F728000000000000001 INSTANCE: 127.0.0.1:10080 ID: 426832040186609668 START_TIME: 2021-08-06 07:30:16.581000 CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST: 06da614b93e62713bd282d4685fc5b88d688337f36e88fe55871726ce0eb80d7 CURRENT_SQL_DIGEST_TEXT: update `t` set `v` = `v` + ? where `id` = ? ; STATE: LockWaiting WAITING_START_TIME: 2021-08-06 07:30:16.592763 MEM_BUFFER_KEYS: 1 MEM_BUFFER_BYTES: 19 SESSION_ID: 113 USER: root DB: test ALL_SQL_DIGESTS: ["0fdc781f19da1c6078c9de7eadef8a307889c001e05f107847bee4cfc8f3cdf3","a4e28cc182bdd18288e2a34180499b9404cd0ba07e3cc34b6b3be7b7c2de7fe9","06da614b93e62713bd282d4685fc5b88d688337f36e88fe55871726ce0eb80d7"] sqls: ["begin ;","select * from `t` where `id` = ? for update ;","update `t` set `v` = `v` + ? where `id` = ? ;"] 1 row in set (0.01 sec) </code></pre><p>上述查询中，对 <code>CLUSTER_TIDB_TRX</code> 表的 <code>ALL_SQL_DIGESTS</code> 列使用了 <a href="/zh/tidb/dev/tidb-functions#tidb_decode_sql_digests"><code>TIDB_DECODE_SQL_DIGESTS</code></a> 函数，目的是将该列（内容为一组 SQL Digest）转换为其对应的归一化 SQL 语句，便于阅读。</p><p>如果当前事务的 <code>start_ts</code> 未知，可以尝试从 <code>TIDB_TRX</code> / <code>CLUSTER_TIDB_TRX</code> 表或者 <a href="/zh/tidb/dev/information-schema-processlist"><code>PROCESSLIST</code> / <code>CLUSTER_PROCESSLIST</code></a> 表中的信息进行判断。</p><h2 id="处理乐观锁冲突问题" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E4%B9%90%E8%A7%82%E9%94%81%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" aria-label="处理乐观锁冲突问题 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>处理乐观锁冲突问题</h2><p>以下介绍乐观事务模式下常见的锁冲突问题的处理方式。</p><h3 id="读写冲突" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" aria-label="读写冲突 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>读写冲突</h3><p>在 TiDB 中，读取数据时，会获取一个包含当前物理时间且全局唯一递增的时间戳作为当前事务的 start_ts。事务在读取时，需要读到目标 key 的 commit_ts 小于这个事务的 start_ts 的最新的数据版本。当读取时发现目标 key 上存在 lock 时，因为无法知道上锁的那个事务是在 Commit 阶段还是 Prewrite 阶段，所以就会出现读写冲突的情况，如下图：</p><p><img src="https://download.pingcap.com/images/docs-cn/troubleshooting-lock-pic-04.png" alt="读写冲突"/></p><p>分析：</p><p>Txn0 完成了 Prewrite，在 Commit 的过程中 Txn1 对该 key 发起了读请求，Txn1 需要读取 start_ts &gt; commit_ts 最近的 key 的版本。此时，Txn1 的 <code>start_ts &gt; Txn0</code> 的 lock_ts，需要读取的 key 上的锁信息仍未清理，故无法判断 Txn0 是否提交成功，因此 Txn1 与 Txn0 出现读写冲突。</p><p>你可以通过如下两种途径来检测当前环境中是否存在读写冲突：</p><ol><li><p>TiDB 监控及日志</p><ul><li><p>通过 TiDB Grafana 监控分析：</p><p> 观察 KV Errors 下 Lock Resolve OPS 面板中的 not_expired/resolve 监控项以及 KV Backoff OPS 面板中的 tikvLockFast 监控项，如果有较为明显的上升趋势，那么可能是当前的环境中出现了大量的读写冲突。其中，not_expired 是指对应的锁还没有超时，resolve 是指尝试清锁的操作，tikvLockFast 代表出现了读写冲突。</p><p> <img src="https://download.pingcap.com/images/docs-cn/troubleshooting-lock-pic-09.png" alt="KV-backoff-txnLockFast-optimistic"/> <img src="https://download.pingcap.com/images/docs-cn/troubleshooting-lock-pic-08.png" alt="KV-Errors-resolve-optimistic"/></p></li><li><p>通过 TiDB 日志分析：</p><p> 在 TiDB 的日志中可以看到下列信息：</p><pre><code class="language-log">[INFO] [coprocessor.go:743] ["[TIME_COP_PROCESS] resp_time:406.038899ms txnStartTS:416643508703592451 region_id:8297 store_addr:10.8.1.208:20160 backoff_ms:255 backoff_types:[txnLockFast,txnLockFast] kv_process_ms:333 scan_total_write:0 scan_processed_write:0 scan_total_data:0 scan_processed_data:0 scan_total_lock:0 scan_processed_lock:0"] </code></pre><ul><li>txnStartTS：发起读请求的事务的 start_ts，如上面示例中的 416643508703592451</li><li>backoff_types：读写发生了冲突，并且读请求进行了 backoff 重试，重试的类型为 txnLockFast</li><li>backoff_ms：读请求 backoff 重试的耗时，单位为 ms，如上面示例中的 255</li><li>region_id：读请求访问的目标 region 的 id</li></ul></li></ul></li><li><p>通过 TiKV 日志分析：</p><p>在 TiKV 的日志可以看到下列信息：</p><pre><code class="language-log">[ERROR] [endpoint.rs:454] [error-response] [err=""locked primary_lock:7480000000000004D35F6980000000000000010380000000004C788E0380000000004C0748 lock_version: 411402933858205712 key: 7480000000000004D35F7280000000004C0748 lock_ttl: 3008 txn_size: 1""] </code></pre><p>这段报错信息表示出现了读写冲突，当读数据时发现 key 有锁阻碍读，这个锁包括未提交的乐观锁和未提交的 prewrite 后的悲观锁。</p><ul><li>primary_lock：锁对应事务的 primary lock。</li><li>lock_version：锁对应事务的 start_ts。</li><li>key：表示被锁的 key。</li><li>lock_ttl: 锁的 TTL。</li><li>txn_size：锁所在事务在其 Region 的 key 数量，指导清锁方式。</li></ul></li></ol><p>处理建议：</p><ul><li><p>在遇到读写冲突时会有 backoff 自动重试机制，如上述示例中 Txn1 会进行 backoff 重试，单次初始 10 ms，单次最大 3000 ms，总共最大 20000 ms</p></li><li><p>可以使用 TiDB Control 的子命令 <a href="/zh/tidb/dev/tidb-control#decoder-命令">decoder</a> 来查看指定 key 对应的行的 table id 以及 rowid：</p><pre><code class="language-sh">./tidb-ctl decoder "t\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x1c_r\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xfa" format: table_row table_id: -9223372036854775780 row_id: -9223372036854775558 </code></pre></li></ul><h3 id="keyislocked-错误" style="position:relative"><a href="#keyislocked-%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF" aria-label="keyislocked 错误 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>KeyIsLocked 错误</h3><p>事务在 Prewrite 阶段的第一步就会检查是否有写写冲突，第二步会检查目标 key 是否已经被另一个事务上锁。当检测到该 key 被 lock 后，会在 TiKV 端报出 KeyIsLocked。目前该报错信息没有打印到 TiDB 以及 TiKV 的日志中。与读写冲突一样，在出现 KeyIsLocked 时，后台会自动进行 backoff 重试。</p><p>你可以通过 TiDB Grafana 监控检测 KeyIsLocked 错误：</p><p>观察 KV Errors 下 Lock Resolve OPS 面板中的 resolve 监控项以及 KV Backoff OPS 面板中的 txnLock 监控项，会有比较明显的上升趋势，其中 resolve 是指尝试清锁的操作，txnLock 代表出现了写冲突。</p><p><img src="https://download.pingcap.com/images/docs-cn/troubleshooting-lock-pic-07.png" alt="KV-backoff-txnLockFast-optimistic-01"/> <img src="https://download.pingcap.com/images/docs-cn/troubleshooting-lock-pic-08.png" alt="KV-Errors-resolve-optimistic-01"/></p><p>处理建议：</p><ul><li>监控中出现少量 txnLock，无需过多关注。后台会自动进行 backoff 重试，单次初始 100 ms，单次最大 3000 ms。</li><li>如果出现大量的 txnLock，需要从业务的角度评估下冲突的原因。</li><li>使用悲观锁模式。</li></ul><h3 id="锁被清除-locknotfound-错误" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E9%94%81%E8%A2%AB%E6%B8%85%E9%99%A4-locknotfound-%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF" aria-label="锁被清除 locknotfound 错误 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>锁被清除 (LockNotFound) 错误</h3><p>TxnLockNotFound 错误是由于事务提交的慢了，超过了 TTL 的时间。当要提交时，发现被其他事务给 Rollback 掉了。在开启 TiDB <a href="/zh/tidb/dev/system-variables#tidb_retry_limit">自动重试事务</a>的情况下，会自动在后台进行事务重试（注意显示和隐式事务的差别）。</p><p>你可以通过如下两种途径来查看 LockNotFound 报错信息：</p><ol><li><p>查看 TiDB 日志</p><p>如果出现了 TxnLockNotFound 的报错，会在 TiDB 的日志中看到下面的信息：</p><pre><code class="language-log">[WARN] [session.go:446] ["commit failed"] [conn=149370] ["finished txn"="Txn{state=invalid}"] [error="[kv:6]Error: KV error safe to retry tikv restarts txn: Txn(Mvcc(TxnLockNotFound{ start_ts: 412720515987275779, commit_ts: 412720519984971777, key: [116, 128, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 111, 16, 95, 114, 128, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2] })) [try again later]"] </code></pre><ul><li>start_ts：出现 TxnLockNotFound 报错的事务的 start_ts，如上例中的 412720515987275779</li><li>commit_ts：出现 TxnLockNotFound 报错的事务的 commit_ts，如上例中的 412720519984971777</li></ul></li><li><p>查看 TiKV 日志</p><p>如果出现了 TxnLockNotFound 的报错，在 TiKV 的日志中同样可以看到相应的报错信息：</p><pre><code class="language-log">Error: KV error safe to retry restarts txn: Txn(Mvcc(TxnLockNotFound)) [ERROR [Kv.rs:708] ["KvService::batch_raft send response fail"] [err=RemoteStoped] </code></pre></li></ol><p>处理建议：</p><ul><li><p>通过检查 start_ts 和 commit_ts 之间的提交间隔，可以确认是否超过了默认的 TTL 的时间。</p><p> 查看提交间隔：</p><pre><code class="language-shell">tiup ctl:v&lt;CLUSTER_VERSION&gt; pd tso [start_ts]