Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751019, India.

Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751019, India.

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Center for Rural Development and Technology, New Delhi-110016, India.

背景技术椰子油是从新鲜的成熟椰子仁获得的食用油。很少有研究报道椰子油具有抗癌作用。椰子油的脂肪酸成分通过门脉循环直接靶向肝脏，并通​​过淋巴液作为乳糜微粒。然而，椰子油对肝癌细胞和口腔癌细胞的抗癌活性尚待测试。椰子油的活性成分，其抗癌活性尚不清楚。在这项研究中，使用了三种不同的椰子油，即初榨椰子油（VCO），加工椰子油（PCO）和分馏椰子油（FCO）。目的基于先前的研究，可以假设椰子油中的脂肪酸可能具有抗癌潜力，并可能触发癌细胞系中的细胞死亡。方法用不同浓度的初榨椰子油（VCO），加工椰子油（PCO）和分馏椰子油（FCO）处理每种细胞系。孵育72小时后，通过MTT测定处理的细胞。通过气相色谱法分析了不同椰子油的脂肪酸组成。结果使用不同浓度的椰子油处理细胞。有趣的是，VCO，PCO和FCO的抗癌功效并不统一，而是随细胞系而异。相较于80％PCO对KB细胞系，只有20％VCO在HepG2细胞中显示出显着的抗癌活性。值得注意的是，与HepG2细胞中80％的PCO相比，KB细胞系中20％的PCO和5％的FCO表现出潜在的生长抑制作用。此外，VCO，PCO和FCO的功效存在差异，这可能是由于它们的脂肪酸组成。在这项研究中比较VCO，PCO和FCO的抗癌功效有助于预测哪种类型的脂肪酸以及哪种脂肪酸可能与VCO的抗癌活性有关。结论本研究表明VCO，PCO和FCO具有抗癌功效，可用于治疗癌症，尤其是肝癌和口腔癌。 BACKGROUND Coconut oil is an edible oil obtained from fresh, mature coconut kernels. Few studies have reported the anticancer role of coconut oil. The fatty acid component of coconut oil directly targets the liver by portal circulation and as chylomicron via lymph. However, the anti-cancer activity of coconut oil against liver cancer cells and oral cancer cells is yet to be tested. The active component of coconut oil, that is responsible for the anticancer activity is not well understood. In this study, three different coconut oils, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Processed Coconut Oil (PCO) and Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO), were used. OBJECTIVE Based on previous studies, it can be hypothesized that fatty acids in coconut oil may have anticancer potential and may trigger cell death in cancer cell lines. METHODS Each cell line was treated with different concentrations of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Processed Coconut Oil (PCO) and Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO). The treated cells were assayed by MTT after 72 hr of incubation. The fatty acid composition of different coconut oils was analyzed by gas chromatography. RESULT Different concentrations of coconut oils were used to treat the cells. Interestingly, the anticancer efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO was not uniform, rather the efficacy varied from cell line to cell line. Only 20% VCO showed significant anticancer activity in HepG2 cells in comparison to 80% PCO against the KB cell line. Remarkably, 20% of PCO and 5% of FCO showed potential growth inhibition in the KB cell line as compared to 80% PCO in HepG2 cells. Moreover, there was a difference in the efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO, which might be due to their fatty acid composition. Comparing the anticancer efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO in this study helped to predict which class of fatty acids and which fatty acid might be associated with the anticancer activity of VCO. CONCLUSION This study shows that VCO, PCO and FCO have anticancer efficacy and may be used for the treatment of cancer, especially liver and oral cancer.