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dark:group-hover:text-indigo-200">AWS</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:0.5px" class="caption-text font-normal leading-5 text-gray-L500 dark:text-gray-D400"/></div></div></div><div class="w-1/4 whitespace-normal group cursor-pointer rounded-md p-2"><div class="flex w-full items-start gap-3 dark:text-gray-D100"><div class="flex flex-col text-left"><span class="m-0 flex h-max items-center"><span style="letter-spacing:0.5px" class="body-medium font-normal text-gray-L900 group-hover:text-indigo-500 dark:text-gray-D100 dark:group-hover:text-indigo-200">C#</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:0.5px" class="caption-text font-normal leading-5 text-gray-L500 dark:text-gray-D400"/></div></div></div></div></div><div class="flex w-full cursor-default"><div class="border-0 border-b border-solid border-indigo-900 dark:border-gray-D1000 w-1/3"/><div class="border-0 border-b border-solid border-gray-L50 dark:border-gray-D1200 w-2/3"/></div></div><div><div class="flex w-full cursor-default 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class="rounded-md dark:border dark:border-solid dark:border-gray-D1200"><div class="rounded-md rounded-b-none" style="background:linear-gradient(105.48deg, rgba(85, 83, 255, 0.9) 1.36%, rgba(25, 24, 146, 0.9) 100%)"><p class="eyebrow text-left h-1.5 mb-0 uppercase text-white"/></div><div class="relative overflow-hidden bg-gradient-to-b from-indigo-50 via-indigo-50 to-indigo-200 p-4 dark:from-gray-D1400 dark:to-gray-D1400 sm:bg-gradient-to-r lg:px-6 lg:py-4 &#10; w-full rounded-md rounded-t-none sm:flex sm:flex-row lg:block"> <div class="sm:flex sm:flex-1 sm:flex-col"><div class="mb-2 flex justify-between lg:justify-start"><div class="items-center tailwind-hidden lg:block "/><div class="flex flex-col justify-between mt-1"><div><p class="heading-five mb-2 text-left">Grokking the Behavioral Interview</p><div class="mb-2 text-left text-base leading-7 text-gray-L800 dark:text-gray-D200"><p>Many candidates are rejected or down-leveled in technical interviews due to poor performance in behavioral or cultural fit interviews. Ace your interviews with this free course, where you will practice confidently tackling behavioral interview questions.</p> </div></div><div class="tailwind-hidden mt-2 lg:block"><button class="contained-primary h-9 w-full sm:w-max">Get Free Course</button></div></div><div class="items-center tailwind-hidden sm:block lg:hidden"/></div><div class="lg:hidden"><button class="contained-primary h-9 w-full sm:w-max">Get Free Course</button></div></div><div class="sm:hidden"/></div></div></div><div class="block " style="min-height:335px"><div class="mt-5 clear-both relative"><div><div><div tabindex="0" style="outline:none"><div><div class=""><div id="widget-parent-yM0pcMdrSFsrAJNGfa9Di" class=""><div class="h-auto w-full whitespace-normal after:clear-both after:table after:content-none markdown-container-div"><div class="markdownViewer select-text markdown-default markdown-table markdown-viewer markdown-viewer-heading" role="none"><h2/> <p><strong><code>std::pair</code></strong> is a template class in the C++ standard library representing a pair of values. It is defined in the <code>&lt;utility&gt;</code> header and is part of the standard template library (STL).</p> <p>The <code>std::pair</code> template takes two template parameters, P1 and P2, representing the types of the two values in the pair. The class has two public member variables, first and second, of types P1 and P2, respectively. These member variables hold the values of the pair.</p> <h2>How it works</h2> <p>The purpose of <code>std::pair</code> is to provide a simple container for holding two values together as a single entity. While commonly used in situations where you need to return or pass around multiple values from a function, its applications extend beyond that.</p> <p>One of the key use cases of <code>std::pair</code> is in mapping and key-value pair scenarios. In addition to mapping, <code>std::pair</code> is instrumental in various algorithms and data handling operations. It can represent graph edges and enable sorting based on values. It also facilitates searching for minimum or maximum values and aids in merging or combining data and a lot more.</p> <p>With its versatility in handling key-value pairs, sorting, searching, and merging, <code>std::pair</code> proves to be a valuable tool in C++ programming.</p> <h2>Coding example</h2> <p>We can find an example of how <code>std::pair</code> can be effectively used for sorting and printing pairs of names and ages in the widget below.</p> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-5 clear-both relative"><div><div><div tabindex="0" style="outline:none"><div><div class=""><div id="widget-parent-63ugRQ1XmGjntfEtRlybR" class=""><div class="notranslate code-container "><div/><div class=""><div><pre class="overflow-scroll pl-0 pt-0 dark:border-gray-D1100" style="height:587px;background:#1e1e1e;color:#e9e9e9"><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px">#include &lt;utility&gt;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px">#include &lt;vector&gt;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"/><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px">int main() {</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> // Create a vector 'data' to store pairs of names and ages</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> std::vector&lt;std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt;&gt; data = {</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> {"John", 28},</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> {"Zuwyar", 50},</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> {"Harry", 30}</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> };</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> </div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> // Sort the pairs based on the second value (age)</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> std::sort(data.begin(), data.end(), [](const auto&amp; a, const auto&amp; b) {</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> return a.second &lt; b.second;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> });</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> </div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> // Print the sorted pairs</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> for (const auto&amp; pair : data) {</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> // Access the name (first) and age (second) of each pair</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> std::cout &lt;&lt; pair.first &lt;&lt; ": " &lt;&lt; pair.second &lt;&lt; std::endl;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> }</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> </div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"> return 0;</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px">}</div><div style="height:21px;margin-left:59px;font-size:14px"/></pre></div><span class="tailwind-hidden sm:inline "><div class="z-9 absolute right-3.5 top-1 flex cursor-pointer"><div aria-label="copy-code-button" role="button" class="flex h-6 items-center justify-center rounded border-none bg-white text-black opacity-30 shadow-md duration-200 hover:opacity-100 hover:shadow-lg focus:opacity-100 focus:shadow-lg dark:bg-gray-D1300 dark:text-gray-D200"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="w-7 h-7 hover:text-indigo-500 dark:hover:text-indigo-400 focus:text-indigo-500 dark:focus:text-indigo-400 p-2 duration-200" title="Copy To Clipboard" aria-hidden="true"><rect x="9" y="9" width="13" height="13" rx="2" ry="2"/><path d="M5 15H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h9a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v1"/></svg></div></div></span></div><div><div><div class="sm:flex-no-wrap flex flex-wrap items-center justify-center px-4 border border-solid border-gray-L300 dark:border-gray-D1200 bg-gray-L50 dark:bg-gray-D1400 justify-between border-t-0" style="min-height:57px"><div class="flex items-center"><button class="contained-primary m-0 py-2" aria-label="run code" title=""><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="h-6 w-6 self-center sm:hidden"><polygon points="5 3 19 12 5 21 5 3"/></svg><div class="tailwind-hidden sm:flex">Run</div></button></div><div class="flex items-center"><div class="cursor-pointer dark:hover:text-indigo-400 hover:text-indigo-500 duration-200 flex hover:scale-110 ml-auto sm:block tailwind-hidden transform"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="h-4 w-4"><path d="M8 3H5a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v3m18 0V5a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-3m0 18h3a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-3M3 16v3a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h3"/></svg></div></div></div><div/></div></div><div class="mt-2.5 flex items-center justify-center"><span data-testid="caption-text" class="flex focus:outline-none rounded bg-gray-L50 text-black dark:bg-gray-D1400 dark:text-gray-D200 px-5 py-1 text-center font-normal ">Sorting and printing pairs</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-5 clear-both relative"><div><div><div tabindex="0" style="outline:none"><div><div class=""><div id="widget-parent-b0UEZQtzyajk-45mU8ZUK" class=""><div class="h-auto w-full whitespace-normal after:clear-both after:table after:content-none markdown-container-div"><div class="markdownViewer select-text markdown-default markdown-table markdown-viewer markdown-viewer-slate markdown-viewer-heading" role="none"><p id="b0UEZQtzyajk-45mU8ZUK"/></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-5 clear-both relative"><div><div><div tabindex="0" style="outline:none"><div><div class=""><div id="widget-parent-mmmZPpgAKui937DMOZ95G" class=""><div class="h-auto w-full whitespace-normal after:clear-both after:table after:content-none markdown-container-div"><div class="markdownViewer select-text markdown-default markdown-table markdown-viewer markdown-viewer-heading" role="none"><h2>Explanation</h2> <p><strong>Lines 1–4:</strong> These lines include the necessary header files for the code, which are <code>&lt;iostream&gt;</code> for input/output, <code>&lt;utility&gt;</code> for <code>std::pair</code>, <code>&lt;vector&gt;</code> for <code>std::vector</code>, and <code>&lt;algorithm&gt;</code> for <code>std::sort</code>.</p> <p><strong>Lines 8–12:</strong> It defines an <code>std::vector</code> called <code>data</code> that stores <code>std::pair</code> objects. The <code>std::pair</code> objects consist of an <code>std::string</code> (representing a name) and an <code>int</code> (representing an age). The vector is initialized with three pairs using initializer list syntax.</p> <p><strong>Lines 15–17:</strong> It sorts the pairs in the data vector based on the second value (age). <code>std::sort</code> is used with three arguments: <code>data.begin()</code> and <code>data.end()</code> specify the range to be sorted (from the beginning to the end of the vector), and the third argument is a lambda function used for comparison. The lambda function compares two pairs (<code>a</code> and <code>b</code>) based on their second values and returns true if <code>a.second</code> is less than <code>b.second</code>.</p>