python连接打印机打印文档、图片、pdf文件等_python调用打印机打印pdf_ersaijun的博客

`ShellExecute`

首先确保你电脑中的应用可以打开你要打印的文件；
是一些标准的文件类型
不用管哪些打印机，也就是说和连接的打印机型号无关；
你无控制设置打印属性的权限；
import tempfile
import win32api
import win32print
filename = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")
open (filename, "w").write ("This is a test")
win32api.ShellExecute (
  "print",
  filename,
  # If this is None, the default printer will
  # be used anyway.
  '/d:"%s"' % win32print.GetDefaultPrinter (),
  ".",
另一个版本 
import tempfile
import win32api
import win32print
filename = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")
open (filename, "w").write ("This is a test")
win32api.ShellExecute (
  "printto",
  filename,
  '"%s"' % win32print.GetDefaultPrinter (),
  ".",
直接打印数据
 
win32print
 
直接将数据扔给打印机；
快速而且容易；
而且可以定义选择哪个打印机打印；
但是要打印的数据必须是可打印的，例如字符串等； 
import os, sys
import win32print
printer_name = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter ()
# raw_data could equally be raw PCL/PS read from
#  some print-to-file operation
if sys.version_info >= (3,):
  raw_data = bytes ("This is a test", "utf-8")
else:
  raw_data = "This is a test"
hPrinter = win32print.OpenPrinter (printer_name)
try:
  hJob = win32print.StartDocPrinter (hPrinter, 1, ("test of raw data", None, "RAW"))
  try:
    win32print.StartPagePrinter (hPrinter)
    win32print.WritePrinter (hPrinter, raw_data)
    win32print.EndPagePrinter (hPrinter)
  finally:
    win32print.EndDocPrinter (hPrinter)
finally:
  win32print.ClosePrinter (hPrinter)
PIL win32ui
 
不使用额外的工具，在windows电脑上打印一张图片是相当的困难，至少需要3种不同的且相关的设备环境才可以。
 还好，device-independent bitmap(DIB)和PIL可以帮助我们快速打印。下面的代码可以将图片发送至打印机打印尽可能大的尺寸且不失比例。 
还可以选择使用哪个打印机
选择加载的图片的格式等
但是如果你电脑不是windows，那可能不是最好的方法； 
import win32print
import win32ui
from PIL import Image, ImageWin
# Constants for GetDeviceCaps
# HORZRES / VERTRES = printable area
HORZRES = 8
VERTRES = 10
# LOGPIXELS = dots per inch
LOGPIXELSX = 88
LOGPIXELSY = 90
# PHYSICALWIDTH/HEIGHT = total area
PHYSICALWIDTH = 110
PHYSICALHEIGHT = 111
# PHYSICALOFFSETX/Y = left / top margin
PHYSICALOFFSETX = 112
PHYSICALOFFSETY = 113
printer_name = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter ()
file_name = "test.jpg"
# You can only write a Device-independent bitmap
#  directly to a Windows device context; therefore
#  we need (for ease) to use the Python Imaging
#  Library to manipulate the image.
# Create a device context from a named printer
#  and assess the printable size of the paper.
hDC = win32ui.CreateDC ()
hDC.CreatePrinterDC (printer_name)
printable_area = hDC.GetDeviceCaps (HORZRES), hDC.GetDeviceCaps (VERTRES)
printer_size = hDC.GetDeviceCaps (PHYSICALWIDTH), hDC.GetDeviceCaps (PHYSICALHEIGHT)
printer_margins = hDC.GetDeviceCaps (PHYSICALOFFSETX), hDC.GetDeviceCaps (PHYSICALOFFSETY)
# Open the image, rotate it if it's wider than
#  it is high, and work out how much to multiply
#  each pixel by to get it as big as possible on
#  the page without distorting.
bmp = Image.open (file_name)
if bmp.size[0] > bmp.size[1]:
  bmp = bmp.rotate (90)
ratios = [1.0 * printable_area[0] / bmp.size[0], 1.0 * printable_area[1] / bmp.size[1]]
scale = min (ratios)
# Start the print job, and draw the bitmap to
#  the printer device at the scaled size.
hDC.StartDoc (file_name)
hDC.StartPage ()
dib = ImageWin.Dib (bmp)
scaled_width, scaled_height = [int (scale * i) for i in bmp.size]
x1 = int ((printer_size[0] - scaled_width) / 2)
y1 = int ((printer_size[1] - scaled_height) / 2)
x2 = x1 + scaled_width
y2 = y1 + scaled_height
dib.draw (hDC.GetHandleOutput (), (x1, y1, x2, y2))
hDC.EndPage ()
hDC.EndDoc ()
hDC.DeleteDC ()
从前台传来要打印的字符，后端生成二维码，并作出相应处理后，连接打印机打印图片。 
# 打印二维码
def print_barcode(request):
    import pyqrcode
    import random,string
    from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont
    import numpy as np
    if request.is_ajax() and request.method == 'POST':
        result = {}
        bar_string = 'NaN'
        type = request.POST['type']
        if type == 'box':
            # 生成箱子码
            # 格式：P190823-K91  [P][日期][-][A-Z][0-9][0-9]
            bar_string = 'P'+datetime.date.today().strftime('%y%m%d')+'-'+str(random.choice('ABCDEFGHIGKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'))\
                         + str(random.choice(range(10)))+ str(random.choice(range(10)))
        elif type == 'kuwei':
            # 生成库位码
            bar_string = request.POST['string']
        else:
        try:
            big_code = pyqrcode.create(bar_string, error='L', version=2 , mode='binary')
            big_code.png('./code.png', scale=8)
            img_code = Image.open('code.png')
            size = img_code.size
            img_final = Image.new('RGB', (size[0], size[1]+35), color=(255, 255, 255))
            img_final.paste(img_code, (0, 0, size[0], size[1]))
            draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img_final)
            font = ImageFont.truetype('AdobeGothicStd-Bold.otf', size=35)
            width, height = draw.textsize(bar_string,font=font)
            draw.text(((size[0]-width)/2, size[1]-15), bar_string , fill=(0, 0, 0), font=font)
            img_final.save('./code.png')
            # 然后连接打印机将其打印出来即可
            is_ok =[]
            if type == 'box':
                for i in range(4):
                    temp = print_img('./code.png')
                    is_ok.append(temp)
            else:
                temp = print_img('./code.png')
                is_ok.append(temp)
            # is_ok = True
            result['done'] = 'ok' if np.all(is_ok) else '连接打印机失败'
        except Exception as e:
            result['done'] = e
        return JsonResponse(result)
 def print_img(img):
    import win32print
    import win32ui
    from PIL import Image, ImageWin
    # 参考 http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i/print.html#win32print
    try:
        printer_name = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter()
        hDC = win32ui.CreateDC()
        hDC.CreatePrinterDC(printer_name)
        #printable_area = (300, 270)  # 打印纸尺寸
        #printer_size = (300, 270)
        # 打开图片并缩放
        bmp = Image.open(img)
        if bmp.size[0] < bmp.size[1]:
            bmp = bmp.rotate(90)
        # ratios = [1.0 * printable_area[0] / bmp.size[1], 1.0 * printable_area[1] / bmp.size[0]]
        # scale = min(ratios)
        scale = 1
        hDC.StartDoc(img)
        hDC.StartPage()
        dib = ImageWin.Dib(bmp)
        scaled_width, scaled_height = [int(scale * i) for i in bmp.size]
        x1 = 20  # 控制位置
        y1 = -30
        x2 = x1 + scaled_width
        y2 = y1 + scaled_height
        dib.draw(hDC.GetHandleOutput(), (x1, y1, x2, y2))
        hDC.EndPage()
        hDC.EndDoc()
        hDC.DeleteDC()
        return True
    except:
        return False
打印效果：
 
 以上内容为二赛君整理发布，转载请注明出处，谢谢。 
http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i/print.htm 
http://docs.activestate.com/activepython/2.5/pywin32/win32print.html
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python连接打印机
使用模块：win32print
官方文档： 模块win32print.
pip install pywin32
import win32print
import win32api
查看当前电脑上安装了哪些打印机：
#查看当前电脑上安装了哪些打印机：
import win32print
printers =




    

host_name = socket.gethostname()
printer_name = QPrinterInfo().defaultPrinterName()
printer = r"\\%s\\%s" % (host_name, printer_name)
cmd = r'copy %s "%s"' % (
import xlwings as xw
app = xw.App(visible=False,add_book=False) #启动Excel程序
workbook = app.books.open('各月销售数量表.xlsx') #打开要打印的工作簿
workbook.api.PrintOut(Copies=2,ActivePrinter='DESKTOP-HP01',Collate=.
				这里写自定义目录标题欢迎使用Markdown编辑器新的改变功能快捷键合理的创建标题，有助于目录的生成如何改变文本的样式插入链接与图片如何插入一段漂亮的代码片生成一个适合你的列表创建一个表格设定内容居中、居左、居右SmartyPants创建一个自定义列表如何创建一个注脚注释也是必不可少的KaTeX数学公式新的甘特图功能，丰富你的文章UML 图表FLowchart流程图导出与导入导出导入
欢迎使用Markdown编辑器
你好！ 这是你第一次使用 Markdown编辑器 所展示的欢迎页。如果你想学习如何使用Mar
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
    data = f.read()
    hPrinter = win32print.OpenPrinter(printer_name)
        hJob = win32print.StartDocPrinter(hPrinter, 1, ("example.txt", None, "RAW"))
            win32print.StartPagePrinter(hPrinter)
            win32print.WritePrinter(hPrinter, data)
            win32print.EndPagePrinter(hPrinter)
        finally:
            win32print.EndDocPrinter(hPrinter)
    finally:
        win32print.ClosePrinter(hPrinter)
在这个例子中，我们首先使用 `win32print.GetDefaultPrinter()` 获取默认打印机的名称，并将其保存在变量 `printer_name` 中。然后，我们指定要打印的文件的路径，将其读取为二进制数据，并将其保存在变量 `data` 中。接下来，我们使用 `win32print.OpenPrinter()` 打开打印机，并将其句柄保存在变量 `hPrinter` 中。然后，我们使用 `win32print.StartDocPrinter()` 开始打印作业，并使用 `win32print.StartPagePrinter()` 开始打印页面。我们使用 `win32print.WritePrinter()` 将数据写入打印机，然后使用 `win32print.EndPagePrinter()` 结束打印页面。最后，我们使用 `win32print.EndDocPrinter()` 结束打印作业，并使用 `win32print.ClosePrinter()` 关闭打印机。
请注意，这个例子假定你使用的是Windows操作系统。如果你使用的是Linux或Mac操作系统，则需要使用不同的库和函数来连接打印机并打印文件。
`ShellExecute`

直接打印数据

`win32print`

`PIL win32ui`
