我们可以在这里使用 LEAD 和 LAG 。

WITH cte AS (
    SELECT id, LAG(id) OVER (ORDER BY id) lag_id, LEAD(id) OVER (ORDER BY id) lead_id
    FROM yourTable
SELECT id
FROM cte
WHERE lag_id <> id - 1 OR lead_id <> id + 1
ORDER BY id;