python 基于 tkinter 做个学生版的计算器

2021-09-18 09:04:04 作者：顾木子吖

这篇文章主要介绍了基于Python编写一个计算器程序，实现简单的加减乘除和取余二元运算，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧

九月初家里的熊孩子终于开始上学了！

半个月过去了，小孩子每周都会带着一堆的数学作业回来，哈哈哈哈~真好，在家做作业就没时间打扰我写代码了。

很赞，鹅鹅鹅饿鹅鹅鹅~曲项向天歌~~~~开心到原地起飞。

孩子昨天回家之后吃完饭就悄咪咪的说，神神秘秘的我以为做什么？结果是班主任让他们每个人带一个计算器，平常做数学算数的时候可以在家用用，嗯哼~这还用卖嘛？

立马给孩子用Python制作了一款简直一摸一样的学生计算器~

本文的学生计算器是基于tkinter做的界面化的小程序哈！

math模块中定义了一些数学函数。由于这个模块属于编译系统自带，因此它可以被无条件调用。

都是自带的所以不用安装可以直接使用。

定义各种运算，设置显示框字节等：

oot = tkinter.Tk() root.resizable(width=False, height=False) '''hypeparameter''' # 是否按下了运算符 IS_CALC = False # 存储数字 STORAGE = [] # 显示框最多显示多少个字符 MAXSHOWLEN = 18 # 当前显示的数字 CurrentShow = tkinter.StringVar() CurrentShow.set('0') '''按下数字键(0-9)''' def pressNumber(number): global IS_CALC if IS_CALC: CurrentShow.set('0') IS_CALC = False if CurrentShow.get() == '0': CurrentShow.set(number) else: if len(CurrentShow.get()) < MAXSHOWLEN: CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get() + number) '''按下小数点''' def pressDP(): global IS_CALC if IS_CALC: CurrentShow.set('0') IS_CALC = False if len(CurrentShow.get().split('.')) == 1: if len(CurrentShow.get()) < MAXSHOWLEN: CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get() + '.') '''清零''' def clearAll(): global STORAGE global IS_CALC STORAGE.clear() IS_CALC = False CurrentShow.set('0') '''清除当前显示框内所有数字''' def clearCurrent(): CurrentShow.set('0') '''删除显示框内最后一个数字''' def delOne(): global IS_CALC if IS_CALC: CurrentShow.set('0') IS_CALC = False if CurrentShow.get() != '0': if len(CurrentShow.get()) > 1: CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get()[:-1]) else: CurrentShow.set('0') '''计算答案修正''' def modifyResult(result): result = str(result) if len(result) > MAXSHOWLEN: if len(result.split('.')[0]) > MAXSHOWLEN: result = 'Overflow' else: # 直接舍去不考虑四舍五入问题 result = result[:MAXSHOWLEN] return result

按下运算符：

def pressOperator(operator): global STORAGE global IS_CALC if operator == '+/-': if CurrentShow.get().startswith('-'): CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get()[1:]) else: CurrentShow.set('-'+CurrentShow.get()) elif operator == '1/x': result = 1 / float(CurrentShow.get()) except: result = 'illegal operation' result = modifyResult(result) CurrentShow.set(result) IS_CALC = True elif operator == 'sqrt': result = math.sqrt(float(CurrentShow.get())) except: result = 'illegal operation' result = modifyResult(result) CurrentShow.set(result) IS_CALC = True elif operator == 'MC': STORAGE.clear() elif operator == 'MR': if IS_CALC: CurrentShow.set('0') STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get()) expression = ''.join(STORAGE) result = eval(expression) except: result = 'illegal operation' result = modifyResult(result) CurrentShow.set(result) IS_CALC = True elif operator == 'MS': STORAGE.clear() STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get()) elif operator == 'M+': STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get()) elif operator == 'M-': if CurrentShow.get().startswith('-'): STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get()) else: STORAGE.append('-' + CurrentShow.get()) elif operator in ['+', '-', '*', '/', '%']: STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get()) STORAGE.append(operator) IS_CALC = True elif operator == '=': if IS_CALC: CurrentShow.set('0') STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get()) expression = ''.join(STORAGE) result = eval(expression) # 除以0的情况 except: result = 'illegal operation' result = modifyResult(result) CurrentShow.set(result) STORAGE.clear() IS_CALC = True

学生计算器的文本布局界面：

def Demo(): root.minsize(320, 420) root.title('学生计算器') # --文本框 label = tkinter.Label(root, textvariable=CurrentShow, bg='black', anchor='e', bd=5, fg='white', font=('楷体', 20)) label.place(x=20, y=50, width=280, height=50) # --第一行 # ----Memory clear button1_1 = tkinter.Button(text='MC', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('MC')) button1_1.place(x=20, y=110, width=50, height=35) # ----Memory read button1_2 = tkinter.Button(text='MR', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('MR')) button1_2.place(x=77.5, y=110, width=50, height=35) # ----Memory save button1_3 = tkinter.Button(text='MS', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('MS')) button1_3.place(x=135, y=110, width=50, height=35) # ----Memory + button1_4 = tkinter.Button(text='M+', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('M+')) button1_4.place(x=192.5, y=110, width=50, height=35) # ----Memory - button1_5 = tkinter.Button(text='M-', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('M-')) button1_5.place(x=250, y=110, width=50, height=35) # --第二行 # ----删除单个数字 button2_1 = tkinter.Button(text='del', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:delOne()) button2_1.place(x=20, y=155, width=50, height=35) # ----清除当前显示框内所有数字 button2_2 = tkinter.Button(text='CE', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:clearCurrent()) button2_2.place(x=77.5, y=155, width=50, height=35) # ----清零(相当于重启) button2_3 = tkinter.Button(text='C', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:clearAll()) button2_3.place(x=135, y=155, width=50, height=35) # ----取反 button2_4 = tkinter.Button(text='+/-', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('+/-')) button2_4.place(x=192.5, y=155, width=50, height=35) # ----开根号 button2_5 = tkinter.Button(text='sqrt', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('sqrt')) button2_5.place(x=250, y=155, width=50, height=35) # --第三行 # ----7 button3_1 = tkinter.Button(text='7', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('7')) button3_1.place(x=20, y=200, width=50, height=35) # ----8 button3_2 = tkinter.Button(text='8', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('8')) button3_2.place(x=77.5, y=200, width=50, height=35) # ----9 button3_3 = tkinter.Button(text='9', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('9')) button3_3.place(x=135, y=200, width=50, height=35) # ----除 button3_4 = tkinter.Button(text='/', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('/')) button3_4.place(x=192.5, y=200, width=50, height=35) # ----取余 button3_5 = tkinter.Button(text='%', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('%')) button3_5.place(x=250, y=200, width=50, height=35) # --第四行 # ----4 button4_1 = tkinter.Button(text='4', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('4')) button4_1.place(x=20, y=245, width=50, height=35) # ----5 button4_2 = tkinter.Button(text='5', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('5')) button4_2.place(x=77.5, y=245, width=50, height=35) # ----6 button4_3 = tkinter.Button(text='6', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('6')) button4_3.place(x=135, y=245, width=50, height=35) # ----乘 button4_4 = tkinter.Button(text='*', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('*')) button4_4.place(x=192.5, y=245, width=50, height=35) # ----取导数 button4_5 = tkinter.Button(text='1/x', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('1/x')) button4_5.place(x=250, y=245, width=50, height=35) # --第五行 # ----3 button5_1 = tkinter.Button(text='3', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('3')) button5_1.place(x=20, y=290, width=50, height=35) # ----2 button5_2 = tkinter.Button(text='2', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('2')) button5_2.place(x=77.5, y=290, width=50, height=35) # ----1 button5_3 = tkinter.Button(text='1', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('1')) button5_3.place(x=135, y=290, width=50, height=35) # ----减 button5_4 = tkinter.Button(text='-', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('-')) button5_4.place(x=192.5, y=290, width=50, height=35) # ----等于 button5_5 = tkinter.Button(text='=', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('=')) button5_5.place(x=250, y=290, width=50, height=80) # --第六行 # ----0 button6_1 = tkinter.Button(text='0', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('0')) button6_1.place(x=20, y=335, width=107.5, height=35) # ----小数点 button6_2 = tkinter.Button(text='.', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressDP()) button6_2.place(x=135, y=335, width=50, height=35) # ----加 button6_3 = tkinter.Button(text='+', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('+')) button6_3.place(x=192.5, y=335, width=50, height=35) root.mainloop()

效果如下：

好啦！学生计算器就写完啦，简单不~记得三连哦，嘿嘿。

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