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.set_xticks() on the axes will set the locations and set_xticklabels() will set the displayed text.

def test(axes):
    axes.bar(x,y)
    axes.set_xticks(x)
    axes.set_xticklabels([i+100 for i in x])
                plt.xticks(position, label) works while set_xticks on axis like subplots doesnt and one needs another call set_xticklabels. i call bad api on pyplot
– droid192
                Jan 31, 2019 at 9:35
Another function that might be useful, if you don't want labels for every (or even any) tick is axes.tick_params.
def test(axes):
    axes.tick_params(axis='x',which='minor',direction='out',bottom=True,length=5)
New in matplotlib 3.5.0
ax.set_xticks now accepts a labels param to set ticks and labels simultaneously:
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.bar(x, y)
ax.set_xticks(x, labels=[i + 100 for i in x])
#                ^^^^^^
Since changing labels usually requires changing ticks, the labels param has been added to all relevant tick functions for convenience:
ax.xaxis.set_ticks(..., labels=...)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks(..., labels=...)
ax.set_xticks(..., labels=...)
ax.set_yticks(..., labels=...)
        
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